Skip to main content
PMC home page
Genetics logoLink to Genetics
. 1988 Nov;120(3):779–790. doi: 10.1093/genetics/120.3.779

The Mutation Bronze-Mutable 4 Derivative 6856 in Maize Is Caused by the Insertion of a Novel 6.7-Kilobase Pair Transposon in the Untranslated Leader Region of the Bronze-1 Gene

A S Klein 1, M Clancy 1, L Paje-Manalo 1, D B Furtek 1, L C Hannah 1, O E Nelson-Jr 1
PMCID: PMC1203556  PMID: 2852139

Abstract

The Ds-controlled allele, bz-m4 Derivative 6856 [bz-m4 D6856], is reported to have an altered temporal- and tissue-specific pattern of gene expression. We have cloned this allele and have characterized it at the molecular level. The mutation was caused by the insertion of a complex transposon-like structure 36 base pairs downstream from the Bz mRNA cap site. The insert is 6.7-kbp long. Ds elements, each approximately 2 kbp in length, are at both ends of the insert. The sequence between the Ds elements is a partial duplication of flanking sequences from the 3' end of the Bz gene. These data suggest that Ds initially inserted near the 3' end of the gene and mobilized adjacent sequences as it transposed.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (5.3 MB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bennetzen J. L., Swanson J., Taylor W. C., Freeling M. DNA insertion in the first intron of maize Adh1 affects message levels: cloning of progenitor and mutant Adh1 alleles. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jul;81(13):4125–4128. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.13.4125. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Benton W. D., Davis R. W. Screening lambdagt recombinant clones by hybridization to single plaques in situ. Science. 1977 Apr 8;196(4286):180–182. doi: 10.1126/science.322279. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Biggin M. D., Gibson T. J., Hong G. F. Buffer gradient gels and 35S label as an aid to rapid DNA sequence determination. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Jul;80(13):3963–3965. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.13.3963. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Brink R. A., Williams E. Mutable R-navajo alleles of cyclic origin in maize. Genetics. 1973 Feb;73(2):273–296. doi: 10.1093/genetics/73.2.273. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Burr B., Burr F. A. Ds controlling elements of maize at the shrunken locus are large and dissimilar insertions. Cell. 1982 Jul;29(3):977–986. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90461-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Chourey P. S., Nelson O. E. The enzymatic deficiency conditioned by the shrunken-1 mutations in maize. Biochem Genet. 1976 Dec;14(11-12):1041–1055. doi: 10.1007/BF00485135. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Courage-Tebbe U., Döring H. P., Fedoroff N., Starlinger P. The controlling element Ds at the Shrunken locus in Zea mays: structure of the unstable sh-m5933 allele and several revertants. Cell. 1983 Sep;34(2):383–393. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90372-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Dean C., Tamaki S., Dunsmuir P., Favreau M., Katayama C., Dooner H., Bedbrook J. mRNA transcripts of several plant genes are polyadenylated at multiple sites in vivo. Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Mar 11;14(5):2229–2240. doi: 10.1093/nar/14.5.2229. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Devlin J. J., Lew A. M., Flavell R. A., Coligan J. E. Secretion of a soluble class I molecule encoded by the Q10 gene of the C57BL/10 mouse. EMBO J. 1985 Feb;4(2):369–374. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb03638.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Dooner H. K. Genetic Fine Structure of the BRONZE Locus in Maize. Genetics. 1986 Aug;113(4):1021–1036. doi: 10.1093/genetics/113.4.1021. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Dooner H. K., Nelson O. E. Heterogeneous flavonoid glucosyltransferases in purple derivatives from a controlling element-suppressed bronze mutant in maize. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 May;76(5):2369–2371. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.5.2369. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Dooner H. K. Regulation of the enzyme UFGT by the controlling element Ds in bz-m4, an unstable mutant in maize. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1981;45(Pt 2):457–462. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1981.045.01.060. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Döring H. P., Starlinger P. Barbara McClintock's controlling elements: now at the DNA level. Cell. 1984 Dec;39(2 Pt 1):253–259. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90002-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Döring H. P., Tillmann E., Starlinger P. DNA sequence of the maize transposable element Dissociation. Nature. 1984 Jan 12;307(5947):127–130. doi: 10.1038/307127a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Fedoroff N. V., Furtek D. B., Nelson O. E. Cloning of the bronze locus in maize by a simple and generalizable procedure using the transposable controlling element Activator (Ac). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jun;81(12):3825–3829. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.12.3825. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Fedoroff N., Mauvais J., Chaleff D. Molecular studies on mutations at the Shrunken locus in maize caused by the controlling element Ds. J Mol Appl Genet. 1983;2(1):11–29. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Frischauf A. M., Lehrach H., Poustka A., Murray N. Lambda replacement vectors carrying polylinker sequences. J Mol Biol. 1983 Nov 15;170(4):827–842. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(83)80190-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Greenblatt I M, Brink R A. Twin Mutations in Medium Variegated Pericarp Maize. Genetics. 1962 Apr;47(4):489–501. doi: 10.1093/genetics/47.4.489. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Kleckner N. Transposable elements in prokaryotes. Annu Rev Genet. 1981;15:341–404. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ge.15.120181.002013. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Larson R. L., Coe E. H., Jr Gene-dependent flavonoid glucosyltransferase in maize. Biochem Genet. 1977 Feb;15(1-2):153–156. doi: 10.1007/BF00484558. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. McCarty D. R., Shaw J. R., Hannah L. C. The cloning, genetic mapping, and expression of the constitutive sucrose synthase locus of maize. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(23):9099–9103. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.23.9099. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Norrander J., Kempe T., Messing J. Construction of improved M13 vectors using oligodeoxynucleotide-directed mutagenesis. Gene. 1983 Dec;26(1):101–106. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(83)90040-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Poncz M., Solowiejczyk D., Ballantine M., Schwartz E., Surrey S. "Nonrandom" DNA sequence analysis in bacteriophage M13 by the dideoxy chain-termination method. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Jul;79(14):4298–4302. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.14.4298. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Ralston E. J., English J. J., Dooner H. K. Sequence of three bronze alleles of maize and correlation with the genetic fine structure. Genetics. 1988 May;119(1):185–197. doi: 10.1093/genetics/119.1.185. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Saedler H., Nevers P. Transposition in plants: a molecular model. EMBO J. 1985 Mar;4(3):585–590. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb03670.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Shure M., Wessler S., Fedoroff N. Molecular identification and isolation of the Waxy locus in maize. Cell. 1983 Nov;35(1):225–233. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90225-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Sutton W. D., Gerlach W. L., Peacock W. J., Schwartz D. Molecular analysis of ds controlling element mutations at the adh1 locus of maize. Science. 1984 Mar 23;223(4642):1265–1268. doi: 10.1126/science.223.4642.1265. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Vieira J., Messing J. The pUC plasmids, an M13mp7-derived system for insertion mutagenesis and sequencing with synthetic universal primers. Gene. 1982 Oct;19(3):259–268. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(82)90015-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Wood W. B. Host specificity of DNA produced by Escherichia coli: bacterial mutations affecting the restriction and modification of DNA. J Mol Biol. 1966 Mar;16(1):118–133. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(66)80267-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Yanisch-Perron C., Vieira J., Messing J. Improved M13 phage cloning vectors and host strains: nucleotide sequences of the M13mp18 and pUC19 vectors. Gene. 1985;33(1):103–119. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(85)90120-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Genetics are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES