Abstract
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae red1 mutant fails to assemble synaptonemal complex during meiotic prophase. This mutant displays locus-specific reductions in interchromosomal gene conversion and a moderate reduction in crossing over. The occurrence of a significant amount of meiotically induced recombination in the red1 mutant indicates that the synaptonemal complex is not absolutely required for meiotic exchange. The RED1 gene product is required for intrachromosomal recombination in some assays but not others. Chromosomes that have undergone reciprocal exchange nevertheless nondisjoin in red1 mutants, indicating that crossovers are not sufficient for disjunction. Epistasis studies reveal that HOP1 is epistatic to RED1, and that RED1 acts in an independent pathway from MER1. A model for the function of the RED1 gene product in chromosome synapsis is discussed.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (3.3 MB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Alani E., Padmore R., Kleckner N. Analysis of wild-type and rad50 mutants of yeast suggests an intimate relationship between meiotic chromosome synapsis and recombination. Cell. 1990 May 4;61(3):419–436. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90524-i. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Amati B. B., Gasser S. M. Chromosomal ARS and CEN elements bind specifically to the yeast nuclear scaffold. Cell. 1988 Sep 23;54(7):967–978. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90111-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Carpenter A. T. Electron microscopy of meiosis in Drosophila melanogaster females: II. The recombination nodule--a recombination-associated structure at pachytene? Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Aug;72(8):3186–3189. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.8.3186. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Carpenter A. T. Gene conversion, recombination nodules, and the initiation of meiotic synapsis. Bioessays. 1987 May;6(5):232–236. doi: 10.1002/bies.950060510. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dresser M. E., Giroux C. N. Meiotic chromosome behavior in spread preparations of yeast. J Cell Biol. 1988 Mar;106(3):567–573. doi: 10.1083/jcb.106.3.567. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Egel-Mitani M., Olson L. W., Egel R. Meiosis in Aspergillus nidulans: another example for lacking synaptonemal complexes in the absence of crossover interference. Hereditas. 1982;97(2):179–187. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1982.tb00761.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Engebrecht J., Hirsch J., Roeder G. S. Meiotic gene conversion and crossing over: their relationship to each other and to chromosome synapsis and segregation. Cell. 1990 Sep 7;62(5):927–937. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90267-i. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Engebrecht J., Roeder G. S. MER1, a yeast gene required for chromosome pairing and genetic recombination, is induced in meiosis. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 May;10(5):2379–2389. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.5.2379. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Game J. C., Zamb T. J., Braun R. J., Resnick M., Roth R. M. The Role of Radiation (rad) Genes in Meiotic Recombination in Yeast. Genetics. 1980 Jan;94(1):51–68. doi: 10.1093/genetics/94.1.51. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hollingsworth N. M., Byers B. HOP1: a yeast meiotic pairing gene. Genetics. 1989 Mar;121(3):445–462. doi: 10.1093/genetics/121.3.445. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Homberger H. P. Bent DNA is a structural feature of scaffold-attached regions in Drosophila melanogaster interphase nuclei. Chromosoma. 1989 Aug;98(2):99–104. doi: 10.1007/BF00291044. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jackson J. A., Fink G. R. Meiotic recombination between duplicated genetic elements in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics. 1985 Feb;109(2):303–332. doi: 10.1093/genetics/109.2.303. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jinks-Robertson S., Petes T. D. High-frequency meiotic gene conversion between repeated genes on nonhomologous chromosomes in yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 May;82(10):3350–3354. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.10.3350. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Klapholz S., Esposito R. E. Recombination and chromosome segregation during the single division meiosis in SPO12-1 and SPO13-1 diploids. Genetics. 1980 Nov;96(3):589–611. doi: 10.1093/genetics/96.3.589. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lichten M., Borts R. H., Haber J. E. Meiotic gene conversion and crossing over between dispersed homologous sequences occurs frequently in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics. 1987 Feb;115(2):233–246. doi: 10.1093/genetics/115.2.233. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Maguire M. P. Crossover site determination and interference. J Theor Biol. 1988 Oct 21;134(4):565–570. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5193(88)80058-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Malone R. E., Esposito R. E. Recombinationless meiosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1981 Oct;1(10):891–901. doi: 10.1128/mcb.1.10.891. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Menees T. M., Roeder G. S. MEI4, a yeast gene required for meiotic recombination. Genetics. 1989 Dec;123(4):675–682. doi: 10.1093/genetics/123.4.675. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rockmill B., Roeder G. S. RED1: a yeast gene required for the segregation of chromosomes during the reductional division of meiosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Aug;85(16):6057–6061. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.16.6057. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rothstein R. J. One-step gene disruption in yeast. Methods Enzymol. 1983;101:202–211. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(83)01015-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Smith P. A., King R. C. Genetic control of synaptonemal complexes in Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics. 1968 Oct;60(2):335–351. doi: 10.1093/genetics/60.2.335. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Snyder M., Buchman A. R., Davis R. W. Bent DNA at a yeast autonomously replicating sequence. Nature. 1986 Nov 6;324(6092):87–89. doi: 10.1038/324087a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Thompson E. A., Roeder G. S. Expression and DNA sequence of RED1, a gene required for meiosis I chromosome segregation in yeast. Mol Gen Genet. 1989 Aug;218(2):293–301. doi: 10.1007/BF00331281. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wang H. T., Frackman S., Kowalisyn J., Esposito R. E., Elder R. Developmental regulation of SPO13, a gene required for separation of homologous chromosomes at meiosis I. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Apr;7(4):1425–1435. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.4.1425. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- von Wettstein D., Rasmussen S. W., Holm P. B. The synaptonemal complex in genetic segregation. Annu Rev Genet. 1984;18:331–413. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ge.18.120184.001555. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]