Abstract
A pseudoreversion analysis was used to examine the role of cell division genes in polar morphogenesis in Caulobacter crescentus. Extragenic suppressors of temperature sensitive mutations in pleC, a pleiotropic gene required for cell motility, formation of polar φCbK bacteriophage receptors, and stalk formation, were isolated. These suppressors, which restored motility at 37°, simultaneously conferred a cold sensitive cell division phenotype and they were mapped to the three new cell division genes divJ, divL and divK. The cold-sensitive mutations in divL, and to a lesser extent divJ, exhibited a relatively narrow range of suppression. The cold-sensitive cell division mutation in divK, by contrast, suppressed all pleC mutations examined and behaved as a classical bypass suppressor. The direct role of this cell division gene in the regulation of motility is suggested by the observation that divK341 mapped to the same locus as pleD301, a pleiotropic mutation that prevents loss of motility and stalk formation. These results provide strong evidence that the cell division and developmental pathways are interconnected and they support our earlier conclusion that cell division is required for the regulation of polar morphogenesis and differentiation in C. crescentus.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (1.8 MB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Fukuda A., Iba H., Okada Y. Stalkless mutants of Caulobacter crescentus. J Bacteriol. 1977 Jul;131(1):280–287. doi: 10.1128/jb.131.1.280-287.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gill D. R., Salmond G. P. The Escherichia coli cell division proteins FtsY, FtsE and FtsX are inner membrane-associated. Mol Gen Genet. 1987 Dec;210(3):504–508. doi: 10.1007/BF00327204. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Huguenel E. D., Newton A. Localization of surface structures during procaryotic differentiation: role of cell division in Caulobacter crescentus. Differentiation. 1982;21(2):71–78. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-0436.1982.tb01199.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jarvik J., Botstein D. Conditional-lethal mutations that suppress genetic defects in morphogenesis by altering structural proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Jul;72(7):2738–2742. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.7.2738. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lancy E. D., Lifsics M. R., Kehres D. G., Maurer R. Isolation and characterization of mutants with deletions in dnaQ, the gene for the editing subunit of DNA polymerase III in Salmonella typhimurium. J Bacteriol. 1989 Oct;171(10):5572–5580. doi: 10.1128/jb.171.10.5572-5580.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Moir D., Botstein D. Determination of the order of gene function in the yeast nuclear division pathway using cs and ts mutants. Genetics. 1982 Apr;100(4):565–577. doi: 10.1093/genetics/100.4.565. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Novick P., Osmond B. C., Botstein D. Suppressors of yeast actin mutations. Genetics. 1989 Apr;121(4):659–674. doi: 10.1093/genetics/121.4.659. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ohta N., Masurekar M., Newton A. Cloning and cell cycle-dependent expression of DNA replication gene dnaC from Caulobacter crescentus. J Bacteriol. 1990 Dec;172(12):7027–7034. doi: 10.1128/jb.172.12.7027-7034.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Osley M. A., Newton A. Temporal control of the cell cycle in Caulobacter crescentus: roles of DNA chain elongation and completion. J Mol Biol. 1980 Mar 25;138(1):109–128. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(80)80007-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- POINDEXTER J. S. BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE CAULOBACTER GROUP. Bacteriol Rev. 1964 Sep;28:231–295. doi: 10.1128/br.28.3.231-295.1964. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Parkinson J. S., Parker S. R., Talbert P. B., Houts S. E. Interactions between chemotaxis genes and flagellar genes in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1983 Jul;155(1):265–274. doi: 10.1128/jb.155.1.265-274.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Shapiro L. Generation of polarity during Caulobacter cell differentiation. Annu Rev Cell Biol. 1985;1:173–207. doi: 10.1146/annurev.cb.01.110185.001133. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sheffery M., Newton A. Regulation of periodic protein synthesis in the cell cycle: control of initiation and termination of flagellar gene expression. Cell. 1981 Apr;24(1):49–57. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90500-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sommer J. M., Newton A. Sequential regulation of developmental events during polar morphogenesis in Caulobacter crescentus: assembly of pili on swarmer cells requires cell separation. J Bacteriol. 1988 Jan;170(1):409–415. doi: 10.1128/jb.170.1.409-415.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sommer J. M., Newton A. Turning off flagellum rotation requires the pleiotropic gene pleD: pleA, pleC, and pleD define two morphogenic pathways in Caulobacter crescentus. J Bacteriol. 1989 Jan;171(1):392–401. doi: 10.1128/jb.171.1.392-401.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Treptow N. A., Shuman H. A. Allele-specific malE mutations that restore interactions between maltose-binding protein and the inner-membrane components of the maltose transport system. J Mol Biol. 1988 Aug 20;202(4):809–822. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(88)90560-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Yamaguchi S., Aizawa S., Kihara M., Isomura M., Jones C. J., Macnab R. M. Genetic evidence for a switching and energy-transducing complex in the flagellar motor of Salmonella typhimurium. J Bacteriol. 1986 Dec;168(3):1172–1179. doi: 10.1128/jb.168.3.1172-1179.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]