Abstract
Vegetative incompatibility is known to limit heterokaryosis in filamentous fungi. It results from genetic differences between incompatible strains at specific loci. The proteins encoded by the two incompatible alleles het-s and het-S of the fungus Podospora anserina differ from each other by 14 amino acids. Two approaches have been used to identify how many and which of these differences are necessary to elicit incompatibility. Twelve alleles of the het-s locus of wild-type isolates of P. anserina and of the related species Podospora comata have been sequenced to determine the extent of the variability of genes controlling s and S specificities. Expression of hybrid het-s/het-S genes and site-specific mutagenesis revealed that the specificities of het-s and het-S are under the control of a limited number of amino acid differences. The results show that vegetative incompatibility between s and S strains can be attributed to a single amino acid difference in the proteins encoded by the het-s locus.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (2.8 MB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- BEISSON-SCHECROUN J. [Cellular incompatibility and nucleo-cytoplasmic interactions in the "barrage" phenomena in Podospora anserina]. Ann Genet. 1962;4:4–50. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Debuchy R., Coppin E. The mating types of Podospora anserina: functional analysis and sequence of the fertilization domains. Mol Gen Genet. 1992 May;233(1-2):113–121. doi: 10.1007/BF00587568. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Delettre Y. M., Bernet J. Regulation of proteolytic enzymes in Podospora anserina: selection and properties of self-lysing mutant strains. Mol Gen Genet. 1976 Mar 22;144(2):191–197. doi: 10.1007/BF02428108. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Deleu C., Turcq B., Begueret J. repa, a repetitive and dispersed DNA sequence of the filamentous fungus Podospora anserina. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Aug 25;18(16):4901–4903. doi: 10.1093/nar/18.16.4901. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- GRINDLE M. Heterokaryon compatibility of unrelated strains in the Aspergillus nidulans group. Heredity (Edinb) 1963 May;18:191–204. doi: 10.1038/hdy.1963.21. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Glass N. L., Grotelueschen J., Metzenberg R. L. Neurospora crassa A mating-type region. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jul;87(13):4912–4916. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.13.4912. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Glass N. L., Vollmer S. J., Staben C., Grotelueschen J., Metzenberg R. L., Yanofsky C. DNAs of the two mating-type alleles of Neurospora crassa are highly dissimilar. Science. 1988 Jul 29;241(4865):570–573. doi: 10.1126/science.2840740. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Perlak F. J. Single step large scale site-directed in vitro mutagenesis using multiple oligonucleotides. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Dec 25;18(24):7457–7458. doi: 10.1093/nar/18.24.7457. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Picard M., Debuchy R., Coppin E. Cloning the mating types of the heterothallic fungus Podospora anserina: developmental features of haploid transformants carrying both mating types. Genetics. 1991 Jul;128(3):539–547. doi: 10.1093/genetics/128.3.539. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- RIZET G., SCHECROUN J. [On the cytoplasmic factors associated with a pair of S-s genes in Podospora anserina]. C R Hebd Seances Acad Sci. 1959 Nov 30;249:2392–2394. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Saiki R. K., Gelfand D. H., Stoffel S., Scharf S. J., Higuchi R., Horn G. T., Mullis K. B., Erlich H. A. Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase. Science. 1988 Jan 29;239(4839):487–491. doi: 10.1126/science.2448875. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sanger F., Nicklen S., Coulson A. R. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463–5467. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Turcq B., Deleu C., Denayrolles M., Bégueret J. Two allelic genes responsible for vegetative incompatibility in the fungus Podospora anserina are not essential for cell viability. Mol Gen Genet. 1991 Aug;228(1-2):265–269. doi: 10.1007/BF00282475. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]