Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Genetics logoLink to Genetics
. 1994 Nov;138(3):829–847. doi: 10.1093/genetics/138.3.829

A Detailed RFLP Map of Cotton, Gossypium Hirsutum X Gossypium Barbadense: Chromosome Organization and Evolution in a Disomic Polyploid Genome

A J Reinisch 1, J M Dong 1, C L Brubaker 1, D M Stelly 1, J F Wendel 1, A H Paterson 1
PMCID: PMC1206231  PMID: 7851778

Abstract

We employ a detailed restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) map to investigate chromosome organization and evolution in cotton, a disomic polyploid. About 46.2% of nuclear DNA probes detect RFLPs distinguishing Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense; and 705 RFLP loci are assembled into 41 linkage groups and 4675 cM. The subgenomic origin (A vs. D) of most, and chromosomal identity of 14 (of 26), linkage groups is shown. The A and D subgenomes show similar recombinational length, suggesting that repetitive DNA in the physically larger A subgenome is recombinationally inert. RFLPs are somewhat more abundant in the D subgenome. Linkage among duplicated RFLPs reveals 11 pairs of homoeologous chromosomal regions-two appear homosequential, most differ by inversions, and at least one differs by a translocation. Most homoeologies involve chromosomes from different subgenomes, putatively reflecting the n = 13 to n = 26 polyploidization event of 1.1-1.9 million years ago. Several observations suggest that another, earlier, polyploidization event spawned n = 13 cottons, at least 25 million years ago. The cotton genome contains about 400-kb DNA per cM, hence map-based gene cloning is feasible. The cotton map affords new opportunities to study chromosome evolution, and to exploit Gossypium genetic resources for improvement of the world's leading natural fiber.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (5.0 MB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Ahn S., Tanksley S. D. Comparative linkage maps of the rice and maize genomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Sep 1;90(17):7980–7984. doi: 10.1073/pnas.90.17.7980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Arondel V., Lemieux B., Hwang I., Gibson S., Goodman H. M., Somerville C. R. Map-based cloning of a gene controlling omega-3 fatty acid desaturation in Arabidopsis. Science. 1992 Nov 20;258(5086):1353–1355. doi: 10.1126/science.1455229. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Beasley J. O. Meiotic Chromosome Behavior in Species, Species Hybrids, Haploids, and Induced Polyploids of Gossypium. Genetics. 1942 Jan;27(1):25–54. doi: 10.1093/genetics/27.1.25. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Galau G. A., Bass H. W., Hughes D. W. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms in diploid and allotetraploid Gossypium: assigning the late embryogenesis-abundant (Lea) alloalleles in G. hirsutum. Mol Gen Genet. 1988 Feb;211(2):305–314. doi: 10.1007/BF00330608. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Giovannoni J. J., Wing R. A., Ganal M. W., Tanksley S. D. Isolation of molecular markers from specific chromosomal intervals using DNA pools from existing mapping populations. Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Dec 11;19(23):6553–6558. doi: 10.1093/nar/19.23.6553. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Giraudat J., Hauge B. M., Valon C., Smalle J., Parcy F., Goodman H. M. Isolation of the Arabidopsis ABI3 gene by positional cloning. Plant Cell. 1992 Oct;4(10):1251–1261. doi: 10.1105/tpc.4.10.1251. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gottlieb L. D. Conservation and duplication of isozymes in plants. Science. 1982 Apr 23;216(4544):373–380. doi: 10.1126/science.216.4544.373. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hulbert S. H., Richter T. E., Axtell J. D., Bennetzen J. L. Genetic mapping and characterization of sorghum and related crops by means of maize DNA probes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jun;87(11):4251–4255. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.11.4251. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Kowalski S. P., Lan T. H., Feldmann K. A., Paterson A. H. Comparative mapping of Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica oleracea chromosomes reveals islands of conserved organization. Genetics. 1994 Oct;138(2):499–510. doi: 10.1093/genetics/138.2.499. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Lander E. S., Green P., Abrahamson J., Barlow A., Daly M. J., Lincoln S. E., Newberg L. A., Newburg L. MAPMAKER: an interactive computer package for constructing primary genetic linkage maps of experimental and natural populations. Genomics. 1987 Oct;1(2):174–181. doi: 10.1016/0888-7543(87)90010-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Tanksley S. D., Ganal M. W., Prince J. P., de Vicente M. C., Bonierbale M. W., Broun P., Fulton T. M., Giovannoni J. J., Grandillo S., Martin G. B. High density molecular linkage maps of the tomato and potato genomes. Genetics. 1992 Dec;132(4):1141–1160. doi: 10.1093/genetics/132.4.1141. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. VanderWiel P. L., Voytas D. F., Wendel J. F. Copia-like retrotransposable element evolution in diploid and polyploid cotton (Gossypium L.). J Mol Evol. 1993 May;36(5):429–447. doi: 10.1007/BF02406720. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Wendel J. F. New World tetraploid cottons contain Old World cytoplasm. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jun;86(11):4132–4136. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.11.4132. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Whitkus R., Doebley J., Lee M. Comparative genome mapping of Sorghum and maize. Genetics. 1992 Dec;132(4):1119–1130. doi: 10.1093/genetics/132.4.1119. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Genetics are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES