HF	heart failure
HFrEF	heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
HFpEF	heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
GDMT	guideline-directed medical therapy
SGLT2i	sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors
ASCs	adult stem cells
MSCs	mesenchymal stem cells
BM-MSCs	bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells
UC-MSCs	umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells
LVEF	left ventricular ejection fraction
QoL	quality of life
AHA	American Heart Association
RCTs	randomized controlled trials
CPCs	cardiosphere-derived cells
MI	myocardial infarction
IC	intracoronary
IM	intramyocardial
MRI	magnetic resonance imaging
NYHA*	New York heart association
CABG**	coronary artery bypass graft
PCI***	percutaneous coronary intervention
STEMI****	ST-elevation myocardial infarction