This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier policy on article withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies-and-standards/article-withdrawal).
This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief.
The authors have plagiarized parts of papers that had already appeared in:
BMC Medical Education, 22(2022): 395 [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-022-03461-0]
J Adv Med Educ. Prof., 6(2018):168-175 [DOI: https://doi.org/10.30476/jamp.2018.41034]
Social Behavior and Personality, 44(2016): 1541-1554 [DOI: https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2016.44.9.1541]
One of the conditions of submission of a paper for publication is that authors declare explicitly that their work is original and has not appeared in a publication elsewhere. Re-use of any data should be appropriately cited. As such this article represents a severe abuse of the scientific publishing system.
Furthermore, the Editor identified references that are irrelevant to the article. The authors were asked to comment upon the presence of these references in their work but were unable to satisfactorily address the reason for the references. Consequently, the Editor no longer has confidence in the integrity and the findings of the article and has decided to retract it. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter and apologies are offered to readers of the journal that this was not detected during the submission process.
The authors have not responded to this retraction notice.