Combination cancer chemoprevention with green tea extract and sulindac shown in intestinal tumor formation in Min mice

Abstract

Green tea is the most effective beverage for cancer prevention in humans. Looking at the concept of combination cancer chemoprevention, we previously reported the synergistic effects of (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) with sulindac, and the additive effects of EGCG with tamoxifen, on cancer-preventive activity in human lung cancer cell line PC-9. This paper reports confirmation of the synergistic effects of EGCG with sulindac on the inhibition of intestinal tumors in multiple intestinal neoplasia (Min) mice. Treatment with both green tea extract and sulindac significantly reduced the number of tumors from 72.3 ± 28.3 to 32.0 ± 18.7 tumors per mouse, a decrease of 44.3%, whereas treatment with green tea extract alone or with sulindac alone reduced it to 56.7 ± 3.5 and 49.0 ± 12.7, respectively. The results also indicated that green tea extract inhibited tumor growth in Min mice almost as potently as sulindac itself did. The three treated groups did not show any adenocarcinomas, whereas 10.8% of the control group did. Since cancer-preventive agents like sulindac and tamoxifen are associated with adverse effects, we discuss the possibility of non-toxic, combination cancer chemoprevention with green tea, looking at the goal of truly effective cancer prevention.