Abstract
A detailed investigation is presented into the effect of limited sampling time and small changes in the force field on molecular dynamics simulations of a protein. Thirteen independent simulations of the B1 IgG-binding domain of streptococcal protein G were performed, with small changes in the simulation parameters in each simulation. Parameters studied included temperature, bond constraints, cut-off radius for electrostatic interactions, and initial placement of hydrogen atoms. The essential dynamics technique was used to reveal dynamic differences between the simulations. Similar essential dynamics properties were found for all simulations, indicating that the large concerted motions found in the simulations are not particularly sensitive to small changes in the force field. A thorough investigation into the stability of the essential dynamics properties as derived from a molecular dynamics simulation of a few hundred picoseconds is provided. Although the definition of the essential modes of motion has not fully converged in these short simulations, the subspace in which these modes are confined is found to be reproducible.
Full text
PDF






Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Amadei A., Linssen A. B., Berendsen H. J. Essential dynamics of proteins. Proteins. 1993 Dec;17(4):412–425. doi: 10.1002/prot.340170408. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Amadei A., Linssen A. B., de Groot B. L., van Aalten D. M., Berendsen H. J. An efficient method for sampling the essential subspace of proteins. J Biomol Struct Dyn. 1996 Feb;13(4):615–625. doi: 10.1080/07391102.1996.10508874. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Barchi J. J., Jr, Grasberger B., Gronenborn A. M., Clore G. M. Investigation of the backbone dynamics of the IgG-binding domain of streptococcal protein G by heteronuclear two-dimensional 1H-15N nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Protein Sci. 1994 Jan;3(1):15–21. doi: 10.1002/pro.5560030103. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Clarage J. B., Romo T., Andrews B. K., Pettitt B. M., Phillips G. N., Jr A sampling problem in molecular dynamics simulations of macromolecules. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Apr 11;92(8):3288–3292. doi: 10.1073/pnas.92.8.3288. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gallagher T., Alexander P., Bryan P., Gilliland G. L. Two crystal structures of the B1 immunoglobulin-binding domain of streptococcal protein G and comparison with NMR. Biochemistry. 1994 Apr 19;33(15):4721–4729. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- García AE. Large-amplitude nonlinear motions in proteins. Phys Rev Lett. 1992 Apr 27;68(17):2696–2699. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.68.2696. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gronenborn A. M., Filpula D. R., Essig N. Z., Achari A., Whitlow M., Wingfield P. T., Clore G. M. A novel, highly stable fold of the immunoglobulin binding domain of streptococcal protein G. Science. 1991 Aug 9;253(5020):657–661. doi: 10.1126/science.1871600. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hayward S., Kitao A., Hirata F., Go N. Effect of solvent on collective motions in globular protein. J Mol Biol. 1993 Dec 20;234(4):1207–1217. doi: 10.1006/jmbi.1993.1671. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kabsch W., Sander C. Dictionary of protein secondary structure: pattern recognition of hydrogen-bonded and geometrical features. Biopolymers. 1983 Dec;22(12):2577–2637. doi: 10.1002/bip.360221211. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kuszewski J., Clore G. M., Gronenborn A. M. Fast folding of a prototypic polypeptide: the immunoglobulin binding domain of streptococcal protein G. Protein Sci. 1994 Nov;3(11):1945–1952. doi: 10.1002/pro.5560031106. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Storch E. M., Daggett V. Molecular dynamics simulation of cytochrome b5: implications for protein-protein recognition. Biochemistry. 1995 Aug 1;34(30):9682–9693. doi: 10.1021/bi00030a005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vriend G. WHAT IF: a molecular modeling and drug design program. J Mol Graph. 1990 Mar;8(1):52-6, 29. doi: 10.1016/0263-7855(90)80070-v. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- de Groot B. L., Amadei A., van Aalten D. M., Berendsen H. J. Toward an exhaustive sampling of the configurational spaces of the two forms of the peptide hormone guanylin. J Biomol Struct Dyn. 1996 Apr;13(5):741–751. doi: 10.1080/07391102.1996.10508888. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- van Aalten D. M., Amadei A., Bywater R., Findlay J. B., Berendsen H. J., Sander C., Stouten P. F. A comparison of structural and dynamic properties of different simulation methods applied to SH3. Biophys J. 1996 Feb;70(2):684–692. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(96)79608-X. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- van Aalten D. M., Amadei A., Linssen A. B., Eijsink V. G., Vriend G., Berendsen H. J. The essential dynamics of thermolysin: confirmation of the hinge-bending motion and comparison of simulations in vacuum and water. Proteins. 1995 May;22(1):45–54. doi: 10.1002/prot.340220107. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- van Aalten D. M., Findlay J. B., Amadei A., Berendsen H. J. Essential dynamics of the cellular retinol-binding protein--evidence for ligand-induced conformational changes. Protein Eng. 1995 Nov;8(11):1129–1135. doi: 10.1093/protein/8.11.1129. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

