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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Jul 11.
Published in final edited form as: Exp Hematol. 2025 Jul 11;150:104857. doi: 10.1016/j.exphem.2025.104857

Table 1.

Summary of modes of neutrophil death in response to stimulation

Simulation/mode of death Apoptosis Pyroptosis Necroptosis Ferroptosis NETosis
Adhesion Focal adhesion kinase engagement 39
Type 1-fimbriated Escherichia coli Cathepsin mediated Bid cleavage41
Phagocytosis of pathogens ROS dependent upregulation of proapoptotic proteins42,48
Protease proteinase 3 Caspase-9 activation43 Caspase-3 activation cleaves GSDME62
Cytochrome c/ Apaf-1 Apoptotic Caspase activation46,47
Fas ligand Fas162,163
TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand TRAIL-R2 and R3 receptors163,164
TNF-a (high doses) mitoROS production165,166 RIPK3 (when apoptosis was blocked)74
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)+ Nigericin GSDMD localization to primary granlues60 Cytosolic LPS-GSDMD167
Pseudomonas aeruginosa NLRC4/NLRP3-GSDMD168,169
Burkholderia thailandensis NLRC4-GSDMD170
Leishmania mexicana NLRP1-GSDMD171
Aspergillus fumigatus NLRP3- GSDM-D172
Cell adhesion molecule ligation ROS-RIPK373
Birinapant+z-VAD-fmk RIPK3 (when apoptosis was blocked)79
SLE IgG/ IFN-α Gpx4 down-regulation85
RSL3 Gpx4 inhibition 86
PMA PKC activation88,101
Ionomycin Calcium influx-PAD4 activation101,173
Various Bacteria ROS-PKC (PAD4?) activation90,101,174
Candida albicans β-glucan, PKC acivation89,96,101
Platelets Neutrophil-platelet aggregation98
IgG Immune complex Fc receptor signlaing175,176