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. 2025 Sep 15;20(9):e0332227. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0332227

Retraction: Dose institutional quality influences the relationship between urbanization and CO2 emissions?

The PLOS One Editors
PMCID: PMC12435635  PMID: 40952981

The PLOS One Editors retract this article [1] because it was identified as one of a series of submissions for which we have concerns about potential manipulation of the publication process, peer review integrity, and authorship. These concerns call into question the validity and provenance of the reported results. We regret that the issues were not identified prior to the article’s publication.

All authors did not agree with the retraction.

Reference

  • 1.Khan H, Chen T, Bibi R, Khan I. Dose institutional quality influences the relationship between urbanization and CO2 emissions? PLoS ONE. 2023;18(10):e0291930. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291930 [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] [Retracted]

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