Summary of taxonomy changes ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) from the Animal DNA Viruses and Retroviruses Subcommittee, 2025

Abstract

The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) holds a ratification vote annually after review of newly proposed taxa by ICTV Study Groups and members of the virology community. In March 2025, the vote outcome of the 11 proposals within the mandate of the Animal DNA Viruses and Retroviruses Subcommittee was made public. Here, we provide a summary of the newly accepted proposals. These include reorganization of taxa in the realm Varidnaviria, classification of the ‘polinton-like’ viruses into a new family (Phypoliviridae) within a new order Archintovirales; establishment of a new phylum (Commensaviricota) in the kingdom Shotokuvirae; the establishment of a new family called Filamentoviridae with two new genera and three new species; the addition of four new genera in the family Anelloviridae with 70 new species; and the addition of 85 new species in the families Adenoviridae (n=16), Baculoviridae (n=5), Circoviridae (n=5), Parvoviridae (n=55) and Polyomaviridae (n=4). Also, in the family Belpaoviridae, 11 species were renamed to comply with the binomial requirement for species names.

Introduction

The Animal DNA Viruses and Retroviruses Subcommittee of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) [1] includes Study Groups for the families Adenoviridae, Anelloviridae, Ascoviridae, Asfarviridae, Baculoviridae, Nudiviridae, Bidnaviridae, Circoviridae, Hepadnaviridae, Herpesvirales, Hytrosaviridae, Iridoviridae, Nimaviridae, Papillomaviridae, Parvoviridae, Polydnaviriformidae, Polyomaviridae, Poxviridae and Retroviridae. These Study Groups include virologists who are experts in viruses classified within these families. As with the ICTV Executive Committee, the 165 members of the Animal DNA Viruses and Retroviruses Subcommittee volunteer their time to advance virus taxonomy [1]. The classified viruses and viriforms in the families represented by the Animal DNA Viruses and Retroviruses Subcommittee are classified into 15 hierarchical ranks for virus classification [2].

Taking various aspects of virus taxonomy into account [2,5], coupled with the binomial species nomenclature (genus +epithet) [6,8], 13 proposals were submitted as part of the Animal DNA Viruses and Retroviruses Subcommittee in 2024; and 11 were accepted by the ICTV Executive Committee for ratification by the broader ICTV membership. Here, we summarize the changes occurring as a result of the ratification of these 11 proposals.

A significant change is the reorganization of taxa in the realm Varidnaviria, including movement of the kingdom Helvetiavirae into a new realm named Singelaviria based on the independent origins of the major capsid proteins encoded by the viruses in the kingdoms Helvetiavirae and Bamfordvirae [9,10]. Also, as part of this reorganization, a new kingdom named Abadenavirae was established as a result of the evolutionary analysis of the protein-primed family B DNA polymerase or its derivatives encoded by tectivirids [11,12], adenovirids [13], adintovirids [14], maveriviricetes and previously unclassified ‘polinton-like’ viruses [11]. The kingdom Abadenavirae now includes all bacterial and archaeal viruses with double jelly-roll major capsid proteins, with the exception of tectivirids, which remain in the kingdom Bamfordvirae along with all the evolutionarily related eukaryotic viruses. The phylum Preplasmiviricota also underwent notable refinements with the establishment of two new subphyla, two new orders and one new family. The previously unassigned family Yaraviridae [15] was moved into a new class Mriyaviricetes in the phylum Nucleocytoviricota [3,16]; the family Adintoviridae was renamed Eupolintoviridae; the first representative of an extensive group of viruses, broadly known as ‘polinton-like’ viruses [17,18], was classified into a new family, Phypoliviridae, within a new order Archintovirales [9]. Within the realm Varidnaviria, other changes include renaming the species African swine fever virus in the family Asfarviridae [19] to Asfivirus haemorrhagiae to comply with the binomial name rule [6,7] and establishing 16 new species in the family Adenoviridae [13].

Anelloviridae [20,21] was the only family of eukaryotic single-stranded DNA viruses not assigned to the realm Monodnaviria [3]. Although anellovirids do not encode a homologue of the replication-associated endonuclease of the HUH superfamily, the signature of Monodnaviria, recent results have shown that they encode capsid protein orthologs with a jelly-roll fold typical of cressdnaviricot capsid proteins, establishing an evolutionary link to other eukaryotic ssDNA viruses, specifically, circovirids [22]. Thus, the family Anelloviridae is now classified in the order Sanitavirales, class Cardeaviricetes, phylum Commensaviricota, kingdom Shotokuvirae and realm Monodnaviria. Furthermore, 4 new genera and 70 new species have been established in the family Anelloviridae to classify anellovirids with diverse hosts ranging from marine mammals to terrestrial mammals and avians of various species [22,28]. Other changes within the phylum Cossaviricota in the kingdom Shotokuvirae include the establishment of 55 new species in the family Parvoviridae (order Piccovirales, class Quintoviricetes) [29] and four species in the family Polyomaviridae (order Sepolyvirales, class Papovaviricetes) [30]. In the phylum Cressdnaviricota, five new species were established in the family Circoviridae (order Cirlivirales, class Arfiviricetes) [31].

The family Filamentoviridae (order Lefavirales, class Naldaviricetes), with two genera (Alphafilamentovirus and Betafilamentovirus) and three species, was established to classify filamentous DNA viruses identified in insects [32,37]. In addition, in the order Lefavirales [38], class Naldaviricetes, five new species were established in the family Baculoviridae [39], and one species (Alphabaculovirus altermaconfiguratae) was abolished.

Within the realm Riboviria, in the family Belpaoviridae (order Ortervirales, class Revtraviricetes, phylum Artverviricota, kingdom Pararnavirae) [40], all 11 species were renamed to comply with binomial name rules.

A file including all the Tables of taxonomic changes below is available as a supplementary file to this article.

Contents

• 2024.001D.Alphabaculovirus_1nsp

• 2024.002D.Circoviridae_5ns

• 2024.003D.Polyomaviridae_4ns

• 2024.004D.Adenoviridae_16ns

• 2024.005D.Baculoviridae_4nsp_1absp

• 2024.007D.Filamentoviridae_1nf_2ngen_3nsp

• 2024.008D.Parvoviridae_55nsp

• 2024.009D.Anelloviridae_4ngen_70nsp

• 2024.010D.Varidnaviria_reorg

• 2024.012D.Shotokuvirae_newphylum

• 2024.013D.Belpaoviridae_spren

2024.001D.Alphabaculovirus_1nsp

Title: Create the new species Alphabaculovirus alterhycuneae in the genus Alphabaculovirus (Lefavirales: Baculoviridae)

Authors: Peng X-W, Lei C-F, Hu J, Sun XL (sunxl@wh.iov.cn)

Summary

• Taxonomic rank(s) affected

• Species

• Description of current taxonomy

• In the genus Alphabaculovirus (family Baculoviridae), there are 65 species.

• Proposed taxonomic change(s)

• Add one (1) new species to genus Alphabaculovirus.

• Justification

• The genome of the virus Hypantria cuneae nulceopolyhedrovirus B was fully sequenced using a high-throughput method. The divergence in the phylogenetic tree and the K2P distances based on the 38 core-gene concatenated alignment revealed that this virus belongs to a novel species of Alphabaculovirus. For this new species, the species name Alphabaculovirus alterhycuneae is suggested, following the binomial naming proposal as submitted in 2022 and ratified by the ICTV in April 2023 [41].

• Submitted: 05/04/23

Table 1. Alphabaculovirus, 1 new taxon*

Operation	Rank	New taxon name	Exemplar	Accession
New taxon	Species	Alphabaculovirus alterhycuneae	Hypantria cunea nucleopolyhedrovirus B	OL686893

*Source/full text:https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.001D.Alphabaculovirus_1nsp.zip.

2024.002D.Circoviridae_5ns

Title: Create five new species in the genus Circovirus (Cirlivirales: Circoviridae)

Authors: Tarján ZL (tarjan.zoltan@vmri.hun-ren.hu), Benkő M, Egyed L, Harrach B

Summary

• Taxonomic rank(s) affected

• Species

• Description of current taxonomy

• One hundred and fifty-five species (65 circoviruses and 90 cycloviruses) in two genera within the family Circoviridae.

• Proposed taxonomic change(s)

• Add five (5) new species to the genus Circovirus.

• Justification

• Based on genome organization and phylogenetic analyses, the establishment of five new species in the genus Circovirus is proposed. The species demarcation is based on the genome-wide pairwise identity between circovirids (less than 80% identity as established species demarcation criterion) [31,42].

• Submitted: 21/06/24

Table 2. Circoviridae, 5 new taxa*

Operation	Rank	New taxon name	Exemplar	Accession
New taxon	Species	Circovirus dever	bream circovirus 1	KF358279
New taxon	Species	Circovirus razbora	Pseudorasbora circovirus 1	MN837844
New taxon	Species	Circovirus baizhenhe	white-naped crane circovirus 1	MN928908
New taxon	Species	Circovirus patkany	brown rat circovirus 1	OR553090
New taxon	Species	Circovirus python	black-headed python circovirus 1	MH368042

*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.002D.Circoviridae_5ns.zip.

2024.003D.Polyomaviridae_4ns

Title: Create four new species in the genera Alphapolyomavirus and Betapolyomavirus (Polyomaviridae)

Authors: Surján A (surjan.andras@vmri.hun-ren.hu), Vidovszky MZ, Postler TS, Harrach B,

Summary

• Taxonomic rank(s) affected

• Species

• Description of current taxonomy

• One hundred and eighteen species in eight genera in the family Polyomaviridae.

• Proposed taxonomic change(s)

• Add four (4) new species, three (3) to the genus Alphapolyomavirus and one (1) to the genus Betapolyomavirus

• Justification

• Novel polyomaviruses have been detected in bat guano and Eurasian beaver kidney tissue samples. Three novel bat polyomaviruses and the beaver polyomavirus meet the criteria of establishing a new species. The phylogenetic distance of their Large T-antigen nucleotide sequences is more than 15% to members of accepted polyomavirus species, and they originate from new hosts.

• Submitted: 21/06/24

Table 3. Polyomaviridae, 4 new taxa*

Operation	Rank	New taxon name	Exemplar	Accession
New taxon	Species	Alphapolyomavirus castoris	Castor fiber polyomavirus 1	OR735477
New taxon	Species	Alphapolyomavirus epserotini	Eptesicus serotinus polyomavirus 1	OK428546
New taxon	Species	Alphapolyomavirus myodaubentonii	Myotis daubentonii polyomavirus 2	OK300052
New taxon	Species	Betapolyomavirus hipposideri	Rhinolophus hipposideros polyomavirus 1	MT276890

*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.003D.Polyomaviridae_4ns.zip.

2024.004D.Adenoviridae_16ns

Title: Create 16 new species in the genera Aviadenovirus, Barthadenovirus and Mastadenovirus (Rowavirales: Adenoviridae)

Authors: Benkő M, Arnberg N, Hess M, Kaján GL, Kajon A, Mittal SK, Podgorski II, Postler TS, San Martín C, Wadell G, Watanabe H, Harrach B (harrach.balazs@vmri.hun-ren.hu).

Summary

• Taxonomic rank(s) affected

• Species

• Description of current taxonomy

• One hundred and nine species in six genera in the family Adenoviridae.

• Proposed taxonomic change(s)

• Add 16 novel species: seven (7) to the genus Mastadenovirus, five (5) to the genus Aviadenovirus and four (4) to the genus Barthadenovirus.

• Justification

• Novel adenovirus sequences have been submitted to GenBank (many from metagenomic data) reflecting very rich diversity (https://sites.google.com/site/adenoseq). From these sequences, 16 full-length or almost full-length (coding-complete) animal adenovirus genomes originating from 7 mammal, 7 bird and 2 reptilian species merit the establishment of new species. The phylogenetic distance of their DNA polymerase amino acid sequences is more than 15% to members of accepted adenovirus species (this is the main demarcation criterion). Furthermore, they originate from new hosts or from hosts different from those of existing species, and/or have a characteristic whole-genome GC content percentage difference.

• Submitted: 21/06/24

Table 4. Adenoviridae, 16 new taxa*

Operation	Rank	New taxon name	Exemplar	Accession
New taxon	Species	Mastadenovirus marmotae	marmot adenovirus 1	PP098964
New taxon	Species	Mastadenovirus capreoli	roe deer adenovirus 1; adenovirus capreolus32301	BK066828
New taxon	Species	Mastadenovirus vespertilionis	bat adenovirus 33390	BK066631
New taxon	Species	Mastadenovirus desmodi	vampire bat adenovirus; adenovirus desmodus35011	BK066905
New taxon	Species	Mastadenovirus cardiodermatis	heart-nosed bat adenovirus	PP711818
New taxon	Species	Mastadenovirus fructus	Leschenault's rousette adenovirus	OR998962
New taxon	Species	Mastadenovirus arvicolinae	vole adenovirus 1; adenovirus myodes38640	BK066403
New taxon	Species	Aviadenovirus phalacrocoracidae	great cormorant adenovirus 1	OR529407
New taxon	Species	Aviadenovirus oti	Eurasian scops owl adenovirus 1; Otus scops adenovirus	ON843719
New taxon	Species	Aviadenovirus orioli	black-naped oriole adenovirus; Oriolus adenovirus	MZ819701
New taxon	Species	Aviadenovirus roseae	psittacine adenovirus 12	OR871655
New taxon	Species	Aviadenovirus cerasi	duck adenovirus 6	MK757473
New taxon	Species	Barthadenovirus gerygones	grey warbler adenovirus 1	OQ986611
New taxon	Species	Barthadenovirus zootherae	scaly thrush (Zoothera dauma) adenovirus 1	OR233592
New taxon	Species	Barthadenovirus varani	varanus adenovirus 37597	BK066675
New taxon	Species	Barthadenovirus zootocae	viviparous lizard adenovirus 1; adenovirus zootoca35082	BK066448

*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.004D.Adenoviridae_16ns.zip.

2024.005D.Baculoviridae_4nsp_1absp

Title: Create four new species and abolish one species in the family Baculoviridae

Authors: van Oers MM, Abd-Alla AMM, Bateman KS, Bojko J, Harrison RL (robert.l.harrison@usda.gov), Herniou EA, Sun XL, Jehle JA, Krell PJ, Ribeiro BM

Summary

• Taxonomic rank(s) affected

• Species

• Description of current taxonomy

• There are currently 65 species in the genus Alphabaculovirus and 28 species in the genus Betabaculovirus of the family Baculoviridae.

• Proposed taxonomic change(s)

• Add three (3) new species in the genus Alphabaculovirus, add one (1) new species in the genus Betabaculovirus, and abolish one (1) species, Alphabaculovirus altermaconfiguratae.

• Justification

• Analysis of recently sequenced baculovirus genomes identified four viruses that each represent a previously undescribed baculovirus species, in accordance with the species demarcation criteria defined for the family Baculoviridae. Analysis of the genomes of viruses from the species Alphabaculovirus mabrassicae, Alphabaculovirus maconfiguratae and Alphabaculovirus altermaconfiguratae indicates that Alphabaculovirus altermaconfiguratae is redundant and should be abolished. The creation of Alphabaculovirus mabrassicae precedes that of both Alphabaculovirus maconfiguratae and Alphabaculovirus altermaconfiguratae, and the exemplar isolate of Alphabaculovirus mabrassicae falls in the same clade as the exemplar isolate of Alphabaculovirus altermaconfiguratae, so we propose to abolish Alphabaculovirus altermaconfiguratae.

• Submitted: 30/04/24

Table 5. Baculoviridae, 4 new taxa*

Operation	Rank	New taxon name	Exemplar	Accession
New taxon	Species	Alphabaculovirus pastagnalis	Parapoynx stagnalis nucleopolyhedrovirus	ON704650
New taxon	Species	Alphabaculovirus pavitrealis	Palpita vitrealis nucleopolyhedrovirus	OL685370
New taxon	Species	Alphabaculovirus spocosmioidis	Spodoptera cosmioides nucleopolyhedrovirus	MK419955
New taxon	Species	Betabaculovirus psincretae	Psilogramma increta granulovirus	ON803509

Table 6. Baculoviridae, 1 abolish taxon*

Operation	Rank	Abolished taxon name
Abolish taxon	Species	Alphabaculovirus altermaconfiguratae

*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.005D.Baculoviridae_4nsp_1absp.zip.

2024.007D.Filamentoviridae_1nf_2ngen_3nsp

Title: Create a new virus family in the Lefavirales order named Filamentoviridae with two genera Alphafilamentovirus and Betafilamentovirus and three species.

Authors: Bézier A (annie.bezier@univ-tours.fr), Leobold M, Guinet B, Drezen J-M, Herniou EA, Varaldi J

Summary

• Taxonomic rank(s) affected

• Establishment of a new highly diverse viral family within the order Lefavirales in the class Naldaviricetes, the Filamentoviridae, comprising two genera: Alphafilamentovirus, with the species Alphafilamentovirus leboulardi, and Betafilamentovirus, with the species Betafilamentovirus cocongregatae and Betafilamentovirus altercocongregatae.

• Description of current taxonomy

• The class Naldaviricetes currently includes four families: Baculoviridae, Nudiviridae, Hytrosaviridae and Nimaviridae, the first three belonging to the order of Lefavirales.

• Proposed taxonomic change(s)

• Create Filamentoviridae, a new family in the order Lefavirales within the class Naldaviricetes, with two (2) genera (Alphafilamentovirus and Betafilamentovirus) and three species.

• Justification

• New large arthropod-specific dsDNA viruses, which have been described as filamentous particles since the 1970s, have recently been characterized at the genomic level [33]. These viruses share signatures of members of the class Naldaviricetes and order Lefavirales, while encoding specific core genes that distinguish them from the established families of this order. Phylogenetic tree reconstruction indicates that these filamentous viruses form a monophyletic clade distinct from that of their closest relatives, Hytrosaviridae, and supports the creation of a new family, that we propose to name Filamentoviridae. These viruses appear to be preferentially associated with hymenopteran insects with a parasitoid lifestyle [33]. The effects of filamentous viruses on their hosts are still poorly understood compared with other members of the Naldaviricetes. So far, only the Leptopilina boulardi filamentous virus has been studied for its effect and is described as inducing a behavioural manipulation of wasp oviposition decisions and benefiting from the vertical and horizontal transmission.

• Submitted: 04/06/24; Revised: 23/10/24

Table 7. Filamentoviridae, 6 new taxa*

Operation	Rank	New taxon name	Exemplar	Accession
New taxon	Family	Filamentoviridae
New taxon	Genus	Alphafilamentovirus
New taxon	Species	Alphafilamentovirus leboulardi	Leptopilina boulardi filamentous virus	KY009685
New taxon	Genus	Betafilamentovirus
New taxon	Species	Betafilamentovirus cocongregatae	Cotesia congregata filamentous virus 1	OY734801
New taxon	Species	Betafilamentovirus altercocongregatae	Cotesia congregata filamentous virus 2	OR120048

*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.007D.Filamentoviridae_1nf_2ngen_3nsp.zip.

2024.008D.Parvoviridae_55nsp

Title: Creating 55 new species in family Parvoviridae

Authors: Pénzes J (Judycash08@gmail.com), Canuti M, François S, Söderlund-Venermo M

Summary

• Taxonomic rank(s) affected

• Subfamily Densovirinae, genera Blattambidensovirus, Scindoambidensovirus, Protoambidensovirus, Aquambidensovirus; subfamily Parvovirinae, genera Aveparvovirus, Bocaparvovirus, Dependoparvovirus, Protoparvovirus

• Description of current taxonomy

• The family currently includes:

• Subfamily Densovirinae with 11 genera and 38 species

• Subfamily Parvovirinae with 11 genera and 107 species

• Subfamily Hamaparvovirinae with 5 genera and 42 species

• Unassigned genus Metalloincertoparvovirus with one species

• Proposed taxonomic change(s)

• This taxonomic proposal describes the creation of 26 new species in the subfamily Densovirinae and of 29 new species in the subfamily Parvovirinae. Additionally, the virus sequence derived from sequencing approach criteria was modified to allow for the classification of sequences derived from cDNA-based metatranscriptomes if specific criteria are met.

• Justification

• Several novel parvoviruses have been described in the literature that fulfil the criteria to be classified as separate species. Additionally, various coding-complete genomes derived from metatranscriptomic experiments have been published, and the virus definition was changed to allow the classification of these viruses if there are reasons to believe that the sequences originate from viral DNA, i.e. the sample preparation did not involve a DNase treatment step.

• Submitted: 08/06/24

Table 8. Parvoviridae, 55 new taxa*. Table too large, see supplementary information sheetsupp_info_tab_8

*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.008D.Parvoviridae_55nsp.zip.

2024.009D.Anelloviridae_4ngen_70nsp

Title: Establish 4 new genera, 70 new species and abolish 1 genus in the family Anelloviridae

Authors: Kraberger S (simona.kraberger@asu.edu), Opriessnig T, Maggi F, Celer V, Okamoto H, Biagini P, Krupovic M, Varsani A

Summary

• Taxonomic rank(s) affected

• Genus, species

• Description of current taxonomy

• The family Anelloviridae currently includes 34 genera and 173 species [20]. Over the last few years, numerous diverse anelloviruses have been identified in various animals. Classification is based on the species demarcation criteria of 69% ORF1 nucleotide pairwise identity and phylogenetic analyses [20].

• Proposed taxonomic change(s)

• Add 70 new species to accommodate the unclassified anelloviruses and add four (4) new genera.

• Justification

• Here, we update the current anellovirus taxonomy by undertaking an analysis of anelloviruses whose full genome sequences have been determined. These changes are based on the species demarcation criteria of 69% ORF1 nucleotide pairwise identity and updated phylogenetic analyses of the ORF1 protein sequences.

• Submitted: 14/06/24; Revised: 04/10/24

Table 9. Anelloviridae, 74 new taxa*. Table too large, see supplementary information sheetsupp_info_tab_9

Table 10. Anelloviridae, 6 move; rename taxa*

Operation	Rank	New taxon name	Old parent taxon	New parent taxon	Old taxon name
Move; rename taxon	Species	Upsilontorquevirus ursid6	Dalettorquevirus	Upsilontorquevirus	Dalettorquevirus ursid6
Move; rename taxon	Species	Sadetorquevirus hominid8	Hetorquevirus	Sadetorquevirus	Hetorquevirus hominid8
Move; rename taxon	Species	Sadetorquevirus hominid7	Hetorquevirus	Sadetorquevirus	Hetorquevirus hominid7
Move; rename taxon	Species	Petorquevirus ixodi1	Thetatorquevirus	Petorquevirus	Thetatorquevirus ixodi1
Move; rename taxon	Species	Petorquevirus canid1	Thetatorquevirus	Petorquevirus	Thetatorquevirus canid1
Move; rename taxon	Species	Petorquevirus viver4	Thetatorquevirus	Petorquevirus	Thetatorquevirus viver4

Table 11. Anelloviridae, 1 abolish taxon*

Operation	Rank	Abolished taxon name
Abolish taxon	Genus	Dalettorquevirus

*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.009D.Anelloviridae_4ngen_70nsp.zip.

2024.010D.Varidnaviria_reorg

Title: Reorganization of the realm Varidnaviria

Authors: Koonin EV (koonin@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov), Fischer MG, Yutin N, Kuhn JH, Krupovic M (mart.krupovic@pasteur.fr).

Summary

• Taxonomic rank(s) affected

• Realm (Varidnaviria)

• Description of current taxonomy

• The realm currently includes two kingdoms: Bamfordvirae (two phyla with a total of six classes and one unassigned family) and Helvetiavirae (one phylum including one class)

• Proposed taxonomic change(s)

• Create a new realm to accommodate Helvetiavirae; create a new varidnavirian kingdom to accommodate five (5) previously bamfordviraen orders; create two (2) subphyla in the bamfordviraen phylum Preplasmiviricota, assigning Tectiliviricetes to one and the remaining taxa to the other, which is also expanded by three (3) new classes to accommodate polinton-like viruses and Adenoviridae.

• Justification

• A thorough genomic and proteomic analysis revealed previously unrecognized evolutionary relationships among the various varidnaviraen taxa.

• Submitted: 21/06/24; Revised: 04/10/24

Table 12. Varidnaviria, 13 new taxa*

Operation	Rank	New taxon name	Exemplar	Accession
New taxon	Realm	Singelaviria
New taxon	Kingdom	Abadenavirae
New taxon	Phylum	Produgelaviricota
New taxon	Class	Belvinaviricetes
New taxon	Subphylum	Prepoliviricotina
New taxon	Subphylum	Polisuviricotina
New taxon	Class	Pharingeaviricetes
New taxon	Class	Aquintoviricetes
New taxon	Order	Archintovirales
New taxon	Family	Phypoliviridae
New taxon	Genus	Tetrivirus
New taxon	Species	Tetrivirus crimaeaense	Tetraselmis viridis virus S1	HQ332143
New taxon	Class	Mriyaviricetes

Table 13. Varidnaviria, 11 move taxa*

Operation	Rank	Taxon name	Old parent taxon	New parent taxon
Move taxon	Kingdom	Helvetiavirae	Varidnaviria	Singelaviria
Move taxon	Class	Ainoaviricetes	Preplasmiviricota	Produgelaviricota
Move taxon	Order	Atroposvirales	Tectiliviricetes	Belvinaviricetes
Move taxon	Order	Belfryvirales	Tectiliviricetes	Belvinaviricetes
Move taxon	Order	Coyopavirales	Tectiliviricetes	Belvinaviricetes
Move taxon	Order	Vinavirales	Tectiliviricetes	Belvinaviricetes
Move taxon	Family	Autolykiviridae	Tectiliviricetes	Vinavirales
Move taxon	Class	Tectiliviricetes	Preplasmiviricota	Prepoliviricotina
Move taxon	Order	Rowavirales	Tectiliviricetes	Pharingeaviricetes
Move taxon	Class	Polintoviricetes	Preplasmiviricota	Polisuviricotina
Move taxon	Family	Yaraviridae	Bamfordvirae	Mriyaviricetes

Table 14. Varidnaviria, 3 move; rename taxa*

Operation	Rank	New taxon name	Old parent taxon	New parent taxon	Old taxon name
Move; rename taxon	Class	Virophaviricetes	Preplasmiviricota	Polisuviricotina	Maveriviricetes
Move; rename taxon	Family	Eupolintoviridae	Orthopolintovirales	Amphintovirales	Adintoviridae
Move; rename taxon	Order	Amphintovirales	Polintoviricetes	Polintoviricetes	Orthopolintovirales

Table 15. Varidnaviria, 1 rename taxon*

Operation	Rank	New taxon name	Previous taxon name
Rename taxon	Species	Asfivirus haemorrhagiae	African swine fever virus

*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.010D.Varidnaviria_reorg.zip.

2024.012D.Shotokuvirae_newphylum

Title: Create a new phylum Commensaviricota for the kingdom Shotokuvirae and the family Anelloviridae

Authors: Varsani A, Butkovic A, Kraberger S, Koonin EV, Krupovic M (mart.krupovic@pasteur.fr).

Summary

• Taxonomic rank(s) affected

• Monodnaviria, Shotokuvirae

• Description of current taxonomy

• The kingdom Shotokuvirae includes two (2) phyla, for eukaryotic ssDNA and related dsDNA viruses classified into the phyla Cressdnaviricota and Cossaviricota, respectively. Anelloviridae is the only family of eukaryotic ssDNA viruses not assigned to the realm Monodnaviria.

• Proposed taxonomic change(s)

• Move the family Anelloviridae into a new order, within a new class and a new phylum Commensaviricota within the kingdom Shotokuvirae. The intermediate taxa between the phylum and family will be the order Sanitavirales and the class Cardeaviricetes.

• Justification

• Sequence and structural comparisons suggest that anelloviruses evolved from a circovirus-like ancestor through gradual augmentation of the capsid protein and loss of the Rep protein genes.

• Submitted: 24/06/24

Table 16. Shotokuvirae, 3 new taxa*

Operation	Rank	New taxon name
New taxon	Phylum	Commensaviricota
New taxon	Class	Cardeaviricetes
New taxon	Order	Sanitavirales

Table 17. Shotokuvirae, 1 move taxon*

Operation	Rank	Taxon name	Old parent taxon	New parent taxon
Move taxon	Family	Anelloviridae		Sanitavirales

*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.012D.Shotokuvirae_newphylum.zip.

2024.013D.Belpaoviridae_spren

Title: Rename all species to conform with the ICTV-mandated binomial format (Ortervirales: Belpaoviridae)

Authors: Krupovic M (mart.krupovic@pasteur.fr), Kuhn JH

Summary

• Taxonomic rank(s) affected

• Species

• Description of current taxonomy

• Belpaoviridae: Semotivirus (11 species).

• Proposed taxonomic change(s)

• Rename all belpaovirid/semotivirus species to conform with the ICTV-mandated binomial format.

• Justification

• Species in the family Belpaoviridae do not conform with the ICTV-mandated binomial format.

• Submitted: 21/06/24

Table 18. Belpaoviridae, 11 rename taxa*

Operation	Rank	New taxon name	Previous taxon name
Rename taxon	Species	Semotivirus mooseanophelae	Anopheles gambiae Moose virus
Rename taxon	Species	Semotivirus tamyantheraeae	Antheraea semotivirus Tamy
Rename taxon	Species	Semotivirus tasascaridis	Ascaris lumbricoides Tas virus
Rename taxon	Species	Semotivirus paobombycis	Bombyx mori Pao virus
Rename taxon	Species	Semotivirus certredecimum	Caenorhabditis elegans Cer13 virus
Rename taxon	Species	Semotivirus beldrosophilae	Drosophila melanogaster Bel virus
Rename taxon	Species	Semotivirus roodrosophilae	Drosophila melanogaster Roo virus
Rename taxon	Species	Semotivirus maxdrosophilae	Drosophila semotivirus Max
Rename taxon	Species	Semotivirus ninjadrosophilae	Drosophila simulans Ninja virus
Rename taxon	Species	Semotivirus sinbadschistosomae	Schistosoma semotivirus Sinbad
Rename taxon	Species	Semotivirus suzutakifugu	Takifugu rubripes Suzu virus

*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.013D.Belpaoviridae_spren.zip.

Abbreviations

ICTV

International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses