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. 2025 Jul 25;106(7):002111. doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.002111

Summary of taxonomy changes ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) from the Bacterial Viruses Subcommittee, 2025

Dann Turner 1,*, Evelien M Adriaenssens 2, Rudolf I Amann 3, Pavol Bardy 4, Nina Bartlau 3, Jakub Barylski 5, Stanisław Błażejak 6, Majid Bouzari 7, Ariane Briegel 8, Yves Briers 9, Daniel Carrillo 10, Xia Chen 11, Dennis Claessen 12, Ryan Cook 2, Marco A Crisci 13, Arnaud Dechesne 14, Paulina Deptula 15, Bas E Dutilh 16,17, Bert Ely 18, Lars Fieseler 19, Paul CM Fogg 20, Akihito Fukudome 21, Mohammed Saeed Ganjoor 7, Iwona Gientka 6, Karin Holmfeldt 22, Panos G Kalatzis 23, Kathryn M Kauffman 24, Annabel Kempff 25, Petar Knezevic 26, Eugene V Koonin 27, Andrew M Kropinski 28, Mart Krupovic 29, Ipek Kurtböke 30, Kai Lambon 31, Rob Lavigne 32, Susan M Lehman 33, H-T Liu 34, Cedric Lood 35, Rudi Lurz 36, Sari Mäntynen 37, Cole B Matrishin 24, Mathias Middelboe 38, Andrew D Millard 39, Cristina Moraru 40, Dennis S Nielsen 15, Franklin L Nobrega 31, Takuro Nunoura 41, Hanna M Oksanen 37, Véronique Ongenae 25, Boris Parra 42,43, Célia Pas 9, Joseph Pogliano 44, Minna M Poranen 37, Siravudh Potipimpanon 15, Amy Prichard 44, Hannah V Pye 2, Daniela Rothschild-Rodriguez 31, Daniel E Rozen 25, Joanne M Santini 13, Yuandong Sha 15, Dziyana Shymialevich 45, Barbara Sokołowska 45, Abbas Soleimani-Delfan 7, Paulina Średnicka 45, Paulo Tavares 46, Andrea Telatin 2, Igor Tolstoy 47, Shyun-ichi Urayama 48, Vera van Neer 25, Finn K Vogensen 15, Qiannan Wen 11, Antje Wichels 49, Michał Wójcicki 50; ICTV Taxonomy Summary Consortium
PMCID: PMC12451628  PMID: 40711892

Abstract

This article summarises the activities of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses Bacterial Viruses Subcommittee, detailing developments in the classification of bacterial viruses. We provide here an overview of all new, abolished, moved and renamed taxa proposed in 2024, approved by the Executive Committee, and ratified by membership vote in 2025. Through the collective efforts of 74 international contributors of taxonomy proposals in this round, 43 ratified proposals have led to the creation of one new phylum, one class, four orders, 33 families, 14 subfamilies, 194 genera and 995 species. These proposals mark significant progress in refining the taxonomy of bacterial viruses. Key updates include the creation of new orders and families that include existing taxa to better reflect genomic and evolutionary relationships. As sequencing and bioinformatics approaches continue to advance, further expansion and refinements in viral taxonomy can be anticipated in the coming years.

Keywords: Abidjanvirus Ab18, Abidjanvirus Ab19, Abidjanvirus PaMx11, Acadevirus bigMiraUFV01, Acadevirus premi, Acinetobacter virus Acj61, Actaeavirus, Actaeavirus CRP125, Actinidiaevirus, Actinidiaevirus Ep4, Adrianbuildvirus, Adrianbuildvirus ARI0923, Adrianbuildvirus IPP41, Adrianbuildvirus IPP42, Adrianbuildvirus IPP43, Adrianbuildvirus IPP44, Adrianbuildvirus IPP5, Adrianbuildvirus IPP51, Adrianbuildvirus SpSL1, Aequorvirus, Aequorvirus HTVC041P, Aeromonas virus 43, Ahduovirus AH2, Ahphunavirus A014L, Ahphunavirus AHPMCC7, Ahphunavirus LAh1, Ahphunavirus P2, Ahphunavirus ST21, Ahphunavirus yong1, Alfirinvirus, Alfirinvirus alfirin, Alisviridae, Alphacystovirus, Alphacystovirus phi8, Altadenavirus, Altadenavirus altadena, Altadenavirus bumble, Amboselivirus, Amboselivirus simi, Ameliavirus, Ameliavirus viph1008o, Anathvirus, Anathvirus anath, Andersonviridae, Andromedavirus leo2, Angmobvirus, Angmobvirus SCBP1, Anticleavirus, Anticleavirus jorvik, Apdecimavirus K12P11, Aristophanesvirus, Aristophanesvirus aristophanes, Armandvirus, Armandvirus PT2, Armandvirus PZLAh152, Armandvirus PZLAh8, Armandvirus T7Ah, Arnovirus, Arnovirus Wc4, Arnovirus arno162, Arnovirus arno18, Arthrobacter virus Liebe, Artimaviricota, Asemoviridae, Atoyacvirus, Atoyacvirus atoyac1, Atoyacvirus atoyac15, Atsuirnavirus, Atsuirnavirus caloris, Atuphduovirus atuph03, Autographivirales, Autonotataviridae, Autoscriptoviridae, Autosignataviridae, Autotranscriptaviridae, Axyvirus, Axyvirus 1932Axy09, Axyvirus 1932Axy21, Axyvirus 1932Axy23, Azeevirinae, Baileybluvirus callinallbarbz, Bajunvirus, Bajunvirus bajun, Bamvirus, Bamvirus bam, Barnstormervirus, Barnstormervirus barnstormer, Barnstormervirus caron, Baxterfoxvirus baxterfox, Baxterfoxvirus yeezy, Baxtervirus baxterfox, Baxtervirus yeezy, Benllochvirus, Benllochvirus K10PH82C1, Benllochvirus VLCpiA3a, Benllochvirus cmc355D, Benllochvirus cp31, Berlinvirus D226, Berlinvirus JSS1, Berlinvirus JSS2, Berlinvirus P151, Berlinvirus PC127, Berlinvirus PZJ0206, Berlinvirus PcCB251, Berlinvirus SEqdws315, Berlinvirus SPLA4, Berlinvirus SWJM03, Berlinvirus SalMLPST153, Berlinvirus V1, Berlinvirus Yepe2, Berlinvirus Yepf, Berlinvirus carlspitteler, Berlinvirus ernstbeyeler, Berlinvirus pEaSNUABM57, Berlinvirus pO103, Berryhillviridae, Bertilvirus, Bertilvirus bertil, Betacystovirus, Betacystovirus phi12, Bifilivirus philemonii, Bifseptvirus BIMBV45, Bifseptvirus SoKa, Boesrvirus, Boesrvirus BOESR1, Bolekvirus, Bolekvirus bolek, Bolekvirus lolek, Bonaevitae bonaevitae, Bonaevitaevirus bonaevitae, Bonnellvirus Kc261, Bonnellvirus RZ4, Bonnellvirus altidsur, Bonnellvirus glasur, Bonnellvirus mellemsur, Bonnellvirus smaasur, Bonnellvirus usur, Bordetella virus CN1, Bordetella virus CN2, Bordetella virus FP1, Bordetella virus MW2, Bronvirus bron, Bronvirus joedirt, Burkholderia virus AH2, Burkholderia virus BcepNazgul, Cafassovirus, Cafassovirus aleemily, Cafassovirus cafasso, Cafassovirus morgana, Cafassovirus obladi, Caliparnavirus, Caliparnavirus acidus, Campylobacter virus IBB35, Camvirus vanseggelen, Camvirus verabelle, Cankvirus, Cankvirus cv10P302A, Carpasinavirus FoX6, Casidaviridae, Catalonvirus, Catalonvirus NF1, Caulobacter virus Sansa, Cebaduodecimvirus, Cebaduodecimvirus phi12auna, Cebaduodecimvirus phi12duo, Ceetrepovirus C3PO, Ceetrepovirus darwin, Ceetrepovirus zion, Centumtrigintavirus, Centumtrigintavirus cv133, Cenunavirus, Cenunavirus Cen1621, Cepavirus, Cepavirus PAS7, Ceskevirus, Ceskevirus SB4, Chamilpavirus, Chamilpavirus RHEph21, Chemalvirus, Chemalvirus PseuGes254, Chennaivirus, Chennaivirus MVCVPHSA1, Cheoctovirus PMC, Cheoctovirus SG4, Cheoctovirus ardmore, Cheoctovirus boomer, Cheoctovirus che8, Cheoctovirus deadp, Cheoctovirus dlane, Cheoctovirus dorothy, Cheoctovirus dotproduct, Cheoctovirus drago, Cheoctovirus fruitloop, Cheoctovirus gumbie, Cheoctovirus ibhubesi, Cheoctovirus llij, Cheoctovirus mozy, Cheoctovirus mutaforma13, Cheoctovirus pacc40, Cheoctovirus ramsey, Cheoctovirus rockyhorror, Cheoctovirus shauna1, Cheoctovirus shilan, Cheoctovirus spartacus, Cheoctovirus taj, Cheoctovirus tweety, Cheoctovirus wee, Chimalliviridae, Chivirus BP12C, Chronisvirus, Chronisvirus chronis, Chunghsingvirus P1201, Colingsworthviridae, Conareevirus, Conareevirus Cd1, Conareevirus babayka, Conareevirus doublea, Connertonviridae, Cornievirus cornie, Corticovirus, Corticovirus Cr39582, Corticovirus PM2, Corycianvirus, Corycianvirus MfV, Coryciavirus, Coryciavirus A014S, Corynebacterium virus C3PO, Corynebacterium virus Darwin, Corynebacterium virus P1201, Corynebacterium virus Zion, Cotavirus, Cotavirus cota, Cronosvirus EspYZU05, Cronosvirus EspYZU13, Cronosvirus GY3, Cronosvirus Kc318, Cuernavacavirus RHEph09, Cuernavacavirus RHphI38, Cuernavacavirus RHphN37, Cuernavacavirus RHphTM33, Cullenvirus, Cullenvirus 6937, Cullenvirus K59PH2, Cullenvirus KYP, Cystovirus, Cystovirus phi6, Cystovirus phiNN, Dabrowskivirus, Dabrowskivirus KKP3916, Daeravirus, Daeravirus MA13, Daniellevirus, Daniellevirus Zyzzx, Daniellevirus danielle, Daolivirus, Daolivirus MJG, Dazunavirus, Dazunavirus DZ1, Dcimvirus, Dcimvirus DCM, Deltacystovirus, Deltacystovirus phi2954, Dewhirstvirus, Dewhirstvirus pging00J, Dewhirstvirus pging00K, Dewhirstvirus pging00L, Dewhirstvirus pging00M, Dexdertvirus kwekel, Dishuivirus, Dishuivirus DSLLC07, Divaquavirales, Dolichocephalovirinae, Dovevirinae, Drulisvirus BHU1, Drulisvirus BHU2, Drulisvirus BHU3, Drulisvirus BUCT631, Drulisvirus BUCT86, Drulisvirus Bp5, Drulisvirus CX1, Drulisvirus Dlv622, Drulisvirus FBKp18, Drulisvirus FK1979, Drulisvirus IME308, Drulisvirus IME337, Drulisvirus JKP2, Drulisvirus K15PH90, Drulisvirus K1PH164C1, Drulisvirus K24PH164C1, Drulisvirus K25PH129C1, Drulisvirus K39PH122C2, Drulisvirus K40PH129C1, Drulisvirus K51PH129C1, Drulisvirus K66PH128C1, Drulisvirus K71PH129C1, Drulisvirus K72PH164C2, Drulisvirus KA, Drulisvirus KMI3, Drulisvirus KMI6, Drulisvirus KPPK1081, Drulisvirus KPPK1082, Drulisvirus KPR2, Drulisvirus KXP, Drulisvirus KpV2883, Drulisvirus Kpn13, Drulisvirus LLY, Drulisvirus M21221, Drulisvirus NER40, Drulisvirus P1010, Drulisvirus P929, Drulisvirus PWKp1, Drulisvirus Pone, Drulisvirus QL, Drulisvirus SCNJ1Z, Drulisvirus SKP1, Drulisvirus SRD2021, Drulisvirus VAC25, Drulisvirus VLC1, Drulisvirus VLC3, Drulisvirus VLC4, Drulisvirus VLC5, Drulisvirus VLC6, Drulisvirus VLCpiA1a, Drulisvirus VLCpiA1b, Drulisvirus VLCpiA1c, Drulisvirus VLCpiA1d, Drulisvirus VLCpiA1e, Drulisvirus VLCpiA1f, Drulisvirus VLCpiA1g, Drulisvirus VLCpiA1h, Drulisvirus VLCpiA1i, Drulisvirus VLCpiA1j, Drulisvirus VLCpiA1k, Drulisvirus VLCpiA1l, Drulisvirus VLCpiA1m, Drulisvirus VLCpiA1n, Drulisvirus VLCpiA1o, Drulisvirus VLCpiA1q, Drulisvirus VLCpiA1r, Drulisvirus ZH5, Drulisvirus ZX11, Drulisvirus ZX6, Drulisvirus cp48, Drulisvirus dv6993, Drulisvirus dv6995, Drulisvirus fHeKpn01, Drulisvirus pKPM18622, Drulisvirus pokalde001, Drulisvirus tk2018, Drulisvirus xx20, Drulisvirus pKp11, Dunnvirinae, Dynamenevirus, Dynamenevirus CRP114, Dynamenevirus CRP227, Dynamenevirus CRP361, Eastwestvirus, Eastwestvirus eastwest, Ebriosvirus, Ebriosvirus IME15, Ebriosvirus ebrios, Edwardsroadvirus, Edwardsroadvirus RRH1, Efekovirus efeko, Efkovirus efeko, Ehrlichviridae, Elsinorevirus, Elsinorevirus NO16, Elunavirus PagPSK1, Elunavirus stepyanka, Emotionvirus, Emotionvirus emotion, Epseptimavirus KKP, Epseptimavirus KKP3831, Epsiloncystovirus, Epsiloncystovirus phiNY, Epsomviridae, Eracentumvirus Nifs112, Escherichia phage ESCO13, Escherichia virus CF2, Escherichia virus DE3, Escherichia virus ESCO5, Escherichia virus Schickermooser, Escherichia virus phAPEC8, Eucampyvirinae, Euvesivirus, Euvesivirus SB3, Excelsiorvirus, Excelsiorvirus pging00S, Felixounavirus ASO1A, Felixounavirus BPSELC1, Felixounavirus CL1, Felixounavirus CRP22, Felixounavirus CapYZU01, Felixounavirus D12, Felixounavirus DE17, Felixounavirus DE7, Felixounavirus DR094, Felixounavirus EC106, Felixounavirus ECOH1, Felixounavirus EF202P1, Felixounavirus ESCO45, Felixounavirus ESCO49, Felixounavirus ESCO50, Felixounavirus GSP193, Felixounavirus IME338, Felixounavirus JK55, Felixounavirus JLBYU28, Felixounavirus JLBYU32, Felixounavirus JN01, Felixounavirus KhF1, Felixounavirus L27, Felixounavirus LMP25, Felixounavirus MBP496116, Felixounavirus NBEco004, Felixounavirus NBEco005, Felixounavirus NBSal004, Felixounavirus NJ12, Felixounavirus OPTSAL01, Felixounavirus PHB11, Felixounavirus Pr103Blw, Felixounavirus REP5, Felixounavirus REP8, Felixounavirus RP3, Felixounavirus Ro111lw, Felixounavirus S19cd, Felixounavirus SEP1, Felixounavirus SME50, Felixounavirus SPJ41, Felixounavirus ST11, Felixounavirus SUTS720, Felixounavirus SWJM02, Felixounavirus Sp3Shan2021, Felixounavirus VSe11, Felixounavirus Wec171, Felixounavirus Z31, Felixounavirus ZX4221, Felixounavirus adrianh, Felixounavirus allfine, Felixounavirus andreotti, Felixounavirus barry, Felixounavirus bumzen, Felixounavirus ekra, Felixounavirus dune, Felixounavirus ev035, Felixounavirus ev108, Felixounavirus ev78, Felixounavirus finno, Felixounavirus fjerdesal, Felixounavirus fv1, Felixounavirus fv35FD, Felixounavirus garuso, Felixounavirus heid, Felixounavirus humlepung, Felixounavirus johannrwettstein, Felixounavirus meda, Felixounavirus mio, Felixounavirus momo, Felixounavirus nataliec, Felixounavirus pEP20, Felixounavirus pSJ21, Felixounavirus ph22, Felixounavirus pinkbiff, Felixounavirus radambza, Felixounavirus shy, Felixounavirus skuden, Felixounavirus tootiki, Felixounavirus tribble, Felixounavirus warpig, Felixviridae, Ferrettivirinae, Fibrovirus VP24, Firehammervirus CJLB12, Firehammervirus CJLB14, Firehammervirus CJLB15, Firehammervirus F379, Fletchervirus CJLB10, Fletchervirus CJLB7, Fletchervirus F207, Fletchervirus F336, Fletchervirus F341, Fletchervirus F372, Fletchervirus PC5, Fletchervirus QDYZ, Fobrovirus VP24, Foetvirus P1723, Foturvirus R8W, Frickvirinae, Friunavirus 3043K38, Friunavirus AB3, Friunavirus ABSZ6, Friunavirus ABWU2101, Friunavirus AGC01, Friunavirus AIIMSAbE5RC, Friunavirus APK09, Friunavirus APK116, Friunavirus APK127v, Friunavirus APK128, Friunavirus APK14, Friunavirus APK15, Friunavirus APK16, Friunavirus APK2, Friunavirus APK20, Friunavirus APK26, Friunavirus APK32, Friunavirus APK37, Friunavirus APK371, Friunavirus APK48, Friunavirus APK483, Friunavirus APK77, Friunavirus APK81, Friunavirus APK86, Friunavirus APK87, Friunavirus APK89, Friunavirus AbP7, Friunavirus AbTP31, Friunavirus AbpL, Friunavirus Acba6, Friunavirus ChT04, Friunavirus F70K44, Friunavirus Hep4, Friunavirus IME546, Friunavirus MRABP9, Friunavirus P1489, Friunavirus PMK34, Friunavirus Paty, Friunavirus Pipo, Friunavirus SWHAb1, Friunavirus SWHAb3, Friunavirus WU2001, Friunavirus YZ2, Friunavirus ZHSHW, Friunavirus fBenAci001, Friunavirus fBenAci002, Friunavirus fBenAci003, Friunavirus pB3074, Fujianvirus, Fujianvirus V141, Furtirnaviricetes, Fussvirus eyrgjafa, Fuzzbustervirus, Fuzzbustervirus fuzzbuster, Gajwadongvirus MR4, Gammacystovirus, Gammacystovirus phi13, Gammacystovirus phiYY, Gansuvirus, Gansuvirus F4M1D, Gansuvirus F5M1D, Gansuvirus FBKp16, Gansuvirus K13PH07C1L, Gansuvirus K22PH164C1, Gansuvirus K61PH164C1, Gansuvirus KPN7, Gansuvirus Kp7, Gansuvirus PmP19, Gansuvirus VLCpiA2a, Gansuvirus VLCpiA2b, Gansuvirus ZK1, Gansuvirus pKVBS37531, Gardenstatevirus, Gardenstatevirus gardenstate, Gardenstatevirus iamgroot, Gettysburgvirus, Gettysburgvirus gv019DV002, Gettysburgvirus gv056SW001B, Gettysburgvirus gv268TH004, Ghunavirus17A, Ghunavirus AH05, Ghunavirus CHF1, Ghunavirus CHF7, Ghunavirus PCW2, Ghunavirus Psa17, Ghunavirus PstGIL1, Ghunavirus athelas, Ghunavirus gv17A, Gladiolivirus, Gladiolivirus maja, Gordonia virus Lennon, Gordonia virus Yvonnetastic, Grandevirales, Grimontviridae, Guangxivirus, Guangxivirus PSTH2, Gujervirinae, Gundecimvirus, Gundecimvirus MG11, Gyeongsanvirus PPSG11, Haasevirus, Haasevirus pging00R, Haasevirus pging00T, Haasevirus pging00U, Haasevirus pging00V, Haasevirus pging00W, Hakuzoviridae, Hapakavirus, Hapakavirus Nufs112, Hatfieldvirus, Hatfieldvirus porci, Helsettvirus YpEc11, Helsettvirus fPS53, Hennigervirus, Hennigervirus MR1, Hennigervirus MR2, Hennigervirus PPPL1, Hennigervirus henninger, Hennigervirus shl2, Higashivirus BHDTSo9, Hilgardvirus, Hilgardvirus vroomvroom, Hinxtonvirus, Hinxtonvirus ARI0004, Hinxtonvirus ARI0031, Hinxtonvirus ARI02851, Hinxtonvirus ARI0462, Hinxtonvirus ARI04681, Hinxtonvirus ARI0468b3, Hinxtonvirus ARI0831b, Hinxtonvirus DCC1738, Hinxtonvirus IC1, Hinxtonvirus IPP34, Hinxtonvirus IPP46, Hinxtonvirus IPP64, Hinxtonvirus IPP69, Hinxtonvirus K13, Hinxtonvirus V22, Hinxtonvirus hv2167, Hinxtonvirus hv34117, Hinxtonvirus hv8140, Hodgkinviridae, Hongshanvirus, Hongshanvirus BMB50, Honkvirus, Honkvirus honk, Honmavirus, Honmavirus pging00B, Honmavirus pging00C, Honmavirus pging00D, Honmavirus pging00E, Honmavirus pging00F, Honmavirus pging00G, Honmavirus pging00H, Honmavirus pging00I, Irusalimvirus, Irusalimvirus BCSR52, Jawnskivirus, Jawnskivirus beans, Jawnskivirus brent, Jawnskivirus jawnski, Jawnskivirus king2, Jawnskivirus piccoletto, Jeanschmidtviridae, Jelgvirus, Jelgvirus JELGKS1, Jeruvirus, Jeruvirus PSTNGR1, Jiaweivirus, Jiaweivirus jiawei, Jimeivirus, Jimeivirus LHP, Jinkiesvirus, Jinkiesvirus jinkies, Kakivirus PSTRCR114, Kaohsiungvirus AS51, Kaohsiungvirus MGD2, Kaohsiungvirus R15Z, Kaohsiungvirus VPHS15, Kaohsiungvirus VaZX1, Karimacvirus karimac, Karimacvirus lukecage, Karimacvirus starplatinum, Karimacvirus wofford, Karimacvirus yaboi, Kayfunavirus101118UKE1, Kayfunavirus 216Ecol046PP, Kayfunavirus22664UKE32, Kayfunavirus 6925, Kayfunavirus B1, Kayfunavirus CLBP1, Kayfunavirus CY1, Kayfunavirus EP1, Kayfunavirus EPr2, Kayfunavirus EV1361, Kayfunavirus EcoPRo103C3lw, Kayfunavirus EcpYZU01, Kayfunavirus HC12, Kayfunavirus HC13, Kayfunavirus IME177, Kayfunavirus IME278, Kayfunavirus IMEP24, Kayfunavirus KKP3263, Kayfunavirus Kc166A, Kayfunavirus LET1, Kayfunavirus LS2, Kayfunavirus LS3, Kayfunavirus Mt1B1P3, Kayfunavirus NS1, Kayfunavirus P762, Kayfunavirus PH1061, Kayfunavirus PRFSP1, Kayfunavirus R1, Kayfunavirus SFP20, Kayfunavirus SFP21A, Kayfunavirus SFP21B, Kayfunavirus SP7, Kayfunavirus SR04, Kayfunavirus ST10, Kayfunavirus ST15, Kayfunavirus ST16, Kayfunavirus ST17, Kayfunavirus ST20, Kayfunavirus ST21, Kayfunavirus ST57, Kayfunavirus TM1, Kayfunavirus U8, Kayfunavirus ZH4, Kayfunavirus emlis, Kayfunavirus midid, Kayfunavirus milel, Kayfunavirus p02, Kayfunavirus pO91, Kayfunavirus peacock, Kayfunavirus penshu1, Kayfunavirus pisces, Kayfunavirus yong1, Kayfunavirus zappy, Kikimoravirus, Kikimoravirus gurke, Kikimoravirus kikimora, Klebsiella virus ZCKP1, Kolesnikvirus SE5, Kononvirus, Kononvirus KKP3711, Kotilavirus CX5, Kotilavirus MA2, Koutsourovirus EhYP, Koutsourovirus KKP3828, Koutsourovirus Pec, Kozievirus MO526, Kronosvirus, Kronosvirus elgin, Kronosvirus pelion, Kronosvirus pomeria, Kruegerviridae, Kuravirus LAMP, Kuravirus SDYTW1F1223, Kuravirus SR02, Kuravirus XT18, Kuravirus YF01, Kuravirus myPSH1131, Kuravirus myPSH2311, Kuravirus pECN12032Af1, Kuwvirus, Kuwvirus ParKuw1, Lacfervirus, Lacfervirus LFP01, Lakviridae, Lambdavirus DE3, Lambovirus birthdayboy, Lambovirus erutan, Lambovirus fulcrum, Lambovirus genamy16, Lambovirus jalebi, Lambovirus novasharks, Lambovirus otterstedtS21, Lambovirus parvustarda, Lambovirus patos, Lambovirus wojtek, Lambovirus zany, Lasallevirus Acj61, Lavrentieva E21, Lavrentieva PM87, Lavrentieva pPM01, Lavrentievavirus E21, Lavrentievavirus PM87, Lavrentievavirus pPM01, Leonardvirus phauci, Liebevirus liebe, Liebevirus maguco, Liefievirus halo, Liefievirus liefie, Lilmacvirus, Lilmacvirus bolt007, Lilmacvirus klevey, Lilmacvirus lilmac1015, Lilmacvirus prairie, Lindbergviridae, Linggongvirus, Linggongvirus VH5, Lomovskayavirus shawty, Loughboroughvirus ZCSE2, Lucadorvirus gail, Lucadorvirus jeeves, Lucadorvirus luchador, Luchadorvirus gail, Luchadorvirus jeeves, Luchadorvirus luchador, Ludisviridae, Ludisvirus, Ludisvirus pging00A, Lullwatervirus quill52, Lundtoftevirus, Lundtoftevirus Lu221, Luzcentumvirus, Luzcentumvirus LUZ100, Mabodamacavirus, Mabodamacavirus mabodamaca, Maculvirus AC2, Maculvirus BUCT233, Maculvirus DE10, Maculvirus DE17, Maculvirus DE18, Maculvirus F23s2, Maculvirus FE11, Maculvirus GHSM17, Maculvirus H256D1, Maculvirus HA1, Maculvirus HA5, Maculvirus MGD1, Maculvirus OWB, Maculvirus SrVc9, Maculvirus VP9, Maevirinae, Maklayavirus, Maklayavirus Q19, Malkevirus, Malkevirus ARI02853, Malkevirus IPP45, Malkevirus IPP67, Malkevirus mv11865, Malkevirus mv23782, Mallvirus, Mallvirus ParMal1, Maltophvirus, Maltophvirus BUCT609, Manhattanvirus vresidence, Manhattanvirus wildwest, Marchewkavirus, Marchewkavirus domovoi, Marchewkavirus kabachok, Marchewkavirus marchewka, Margaeryvirus, Margaeryvirus margaery, Margaeryvirus terij, Mazoviaviridae, Mboduovirus, Mboduovirus mbo2, Mcshanvirinae, Medawarvirus, Medawarvirus ARI01312, Medawarvirus IPP11, Medawarvirus IPP12, Medawarvirus IPP17, Medawarvirus IPP18, Medawarvirus IPP19, Medawarvirus IPP20, Medawarvirus IPP21, Medawarvirus IPP22, Medawarvirus IPP28, Medawarvirus IPP29, Medawarvirus IPP30, Medawarvirus IPP57, Medawarvirus IPP63, Meganvirus nichole72, Melbournevirus, Melbournevirus REQ2, Mengvirus, Mengvirus NMeng1, Merivirus, Merivirus Cr39582, Merivirus PM2, Mestraviridae, Micantvirus, Micantvirus loshitsa2, Micantvirus micant, Minipunavirus lilpapawes, Mojovirus, Mojovirus MR5, Mooglevirus CHB7, Mooglevirus EP1, Mooglevirus HP1, Mooglevirus Henu11, Mooglevirus KMM2, Mooglevirus KMM4, Mooglevirus M7196WT1, Mooglevirus PC7913, Mooglevirus SFPB, Mooglevirus mistaenkt, Mooglevirus silverhawkium, Mooglevirus susp1, Mooglevirus susp2, Morelosvirus, Morelosvirus RHphI20, Mosigvirus, Mosigvirus efftwo, Mosigvirus jaykay, Mtkvariviridae, Murciavirus CB5A, Mycobacterium virus Ardmore, Mycobacterium virus Boomer, Mycobacterium virus Bron, Mycobacterium virus Che8, Mycobacterium virus Cornie, Mycobacterium virus DeadP, Mycobacterium virus Dlane, Mycobacterium virus Dorothy, Mycobacterium virus DotProduct, Mycobacterium virus Drago, Mycobacterium virus Fruitloop, Mycobacterium virus GUmbie, Mycobacterium virus Halo, Mycobacterium virus Ibhubesi, Mycobacterium virus JoeDirt, Mycobacterium virus Liefie, Mycobacterium virus Llij, Mycobacterium virus Mozy, Mycobacterium virus Mutaforma13, Mycobacterium virus PMC, Mycobacterium virus Pacc40, Mycobacterium virus Ramsey, Mycobacterium virus Renaud18, Mycobacterium virus RockyHorror, Mycobacterium virus SG4, Mycobacterium virus Shauna1, Mycobacterium virus Shilan, Mycobacterium virus Spartacus, Mycobacterium virus Squirty, Mycobacterium virus TChen, Mycobacterium virus TM4, Mycobacterium virus Taj, Mycobacterium virus ThetaBob, Mycobacterium virus Tortellini, Mycobacterium virus Tweety, Mycobacterium virus Wee, Mycobacterium virus Wildcat, Myosmarvirus SMP, Myranavirus phabba, Myrnavirus phabba, Nairobivirus, Nairobivirus nv36, Nakavirus, Nakavirus sapi, Natansvirus, Natansvirus SnaPR1, Nazgulvirus bcepnazgul, Nerivirus, Nerivirus SSRP01, Nerthusvirus, Nerthusvirus BUCT553, Nerthusvirus achelous, Nerthusvirus alpheus, Nerthusvirus nerthus, Ningirsuvirus DchS19, Ningirsuvirus W2B, Ningirsuvirus nahilimali, Ningirsuvirus pEpSNUABM12, Ningirsuvirus sibilus, Nixviridae, Nixvirus, Nixvirus pging00X, Njordvirus, Njordvirus njord, Norfolkplacevirus, Norfolkplacevirus ARI0746, Norfolkplacevirus IPP15, Novosibovirus 309, Novosibovirus RS1pmA, Novosibovirus RS8pmA, Obscuriviridae, Oceanidvirus, Oceanidvirus CRP113, Oceanidvirus CRP171, Oliviavirus, Oliviavirus viph1020o, Omahavirus, Omahavirus UNOG1W1, Omtjevirus, Omtjevirus Omtje, Orthocystovirus, Orthocystovirus phi6, Orthocystovirus phiNN, Paadamvirus TRX321, Pakuvirus, Pakuvirus paku, Palovirus, Palovirus palo, Pantevenvirales, Parnassusviridae, Pasovirus, Pasovirus paso, Pastovirus, Pastovirus pasto, Paternavirus, Paternavirus doca7, Pazvirus, Pazvirus 31, Pazvirus paz, Paulavirus viph1008o, Paulavirus viph1020o, Pbunavirus DL68, Pbunavirus FBPa14, Pbunavirus FBPa35, Pbunavirus JG024, Pbunavirus NH4, Pbunavirus PSA09, Pbunavirus PSA25, Pbunavirus SG1, Pbunavirus TH15, Pbunavirus ph0031, Pbunavirus pv109, Pbunavirus victoria, Pbunavirus wadjak13, Pektosvirus PP81, Percivalvirus, Percivalvirus floof, Percivalvirus percival, Percyvirus BL198, Percyvirus ERS, Percyvirus KSC, Pfluvirus, Pfluvirus PFP1, Pfluvirus pv22PfluR64PP, Phadecavirus, Phadecavirus PH10, Phadecavirus olisA1, Phadecavirus pv23TH, Phapecoctavirus ESCO13, Phapecoctavirus ESCO5, Phapecoctavirus ZCKP1, Phapecoctavirus phAPEC8, Phapecoctavirus schickermooser, Phikmvvirus551W, Phikmvvirus AIIMSPaA1, Phikmvvirus FBPa3, Phikmvvirus HX1, Phikmvvirus JB10, Phikmvvirus MYY9, Phikmvvirus NFS, Phikmvvirus P1G, Phikmvvirus PA69, Phikmvvirus PE3, Phikmvvirus PJNP013, Phikmvvirus PT2, Phikmvvirus S1, Phikmvvirus SB, Phikmvvirus SEMA, Phikmvvirus phipa2, Phikmvvirus pv401, Phrappuccinovirus phrappuccino, Phreappuccinovirus Phrappuccino, Phutvirus PSA6, Pifdecavirus BIMBV46, Pijolavirus Pf17397FPD1, Pijolavirus UFJFPfSW6, Plutovirus, Plutovirus pluto, Pollyceevirus Eisa9, Polsinellivirinae, Polymedevirus, Ponderosavirus, Polymedevirus YY, Ponderosavirus SB2, Ponderosavirus TS10, Ponderosavirus pepon, Ponderosavirus ponderosa, Ponderosavirus ptah, Pradovirus F5, Pradovirus IVIADoCa2, Pradovirus IVIADoCa4, Pradovirus IVIADoCa9, Pradovirus MUD8T1, Pradovirus NED111, Pradovirus P4, Pradovirus SB5, Pradovirus pXoo2106, Pradovirus pagan, Pradovirus titanX, Proddevirus, Proddevirus proddE, Prospektnaukivirus, Prospektnaukivirus sam112, Przondovirus 066022, Przondovirus 066046, Przondovirus 175029, Przondovirus 2146HW, Przondovirus Adeo, Przondovirus AmPhEK52, Przondovirus BUCT3589, Przondovirus EKp2, Przondovirus FZ12, Przondovirus GWPA139, Przondovirus GWPB35, Przondovirus H5, Przondovirus HZJ31, Przondovirus IME264, Przondovirus IME335, Przondovirus IME531, Przondovirus K16PH164C3, Przondovirus JB48, Przondovirus K11PH164C1, Przondovirus K2044302, Przondovirus K2044HW, Przondovirus K26PH128C1, Przondovirus K27PH129C1, Przondovirus K35PH164C3, Przondovirus K37PH164C1, Przondovirus K42PH8, Przondovirus K48PH164C1, Przondovirus K56PH164C1, Przondovirus K58PH129C2, Przondovirus K74PH129C2, Przondovirus K80PH1317a, Przondovirus K8PH128, Przondovirus KKP3708, Przondovirus KMI1, Przondovirus KMI2, Przondovirus KMI4, Przondovirus KPN3, Przondovirus Kp11, Przondovirus Kp9, Przondovirus KpV766, Przondovirus KpV92, Przondovirus Kpn17, Przondovirus KpnP1, Przondovirus KundULIP47, Przondovirus KundULIP54, Przondovirus MUC100, Przondovirus NK20, Przondovirus NLZS1, Przondovirus NLZS2, Przondovirus P509, Przondovirus P510, Przondovirus P55, Przondovirus P560, Przondovirus P671, Przondovirus P791, Przondovirus SHKP152226, Przondovirus TUN1, Przondovirus VAC71, Przondovirus VLCpiA3b, Przondovirus VLCpiA3c, Przondovirus VLCpiA3d, Przondovirus W14TH13021, Przondovirus ZK2, Przondovirus ZX10, Przondovirus ZX8, Przondovirus cmc356, Przondovirus cornelius, Przondovirus cp10, Przondovirus cp11, Przondovirus cp12, Przondovirus cp26, Przondovirus cp29, Przondovirus cp30, Przondovirus cp33, Przondovirus cp43, Przondovirus cp6, Przondovirus cp7, Przondovirus cp8, Przondovirus pokalde002, Przondovirus pv066013, Przondovirus pv066023, Przondovirus pv066024, Przondovirus pv066037, Przondovirus pv066042, Przondovirus pv066053, Przondovirus pv066056, Przondovirus pv117, Przondovirus pv150004, Przondovirus pv175003, Przondovirus pv175005, Przondovirus pv175006, Przondovirus pv175007, Przondovirus pv175017, Przondovirus pv175019, Przondovirus pv175022, Przondovirus pv175024, Przondovirus pv175026, Przondovirus pv175032, Pseudomonas virus Ab18, Pseudomonas virus Ab19, Pseudomonas virus LKO4, Pseudomonas virus DL68, Pseudomonas virus JG024, Pseudomonas virus M6, Pseudomonas virus MP1412, Pseudomonas virus NH4, Pseudomonas virus PAE1, Pseudomonas virus PaMx11, Pseudomonas virus Yua, Punavirus pv43, Quadringentisvirinae, Quhwahvirus littlefortune, Quhwahvirus pulchra, Quingentivirinae, Rambovirus, Rambovirus rambo, Reminisvirus, Reminisvirus 6939, Reminisvirus KL01, Reminisvirus reminis, Reqipinevirus, Reqipinevirus reqipine5, Reynauldvirus, Reynauldvirus reynauld, Rindgevirus, Rindgevirus tarrare, Risoevirus, Risoevirus cronus, Rivavirus, Rivavirus SPP1, Rivavirus rv000TH010, Rivavirus rv049ML001, Rodentiumvirus, Rodentiumvirus CrRp3, Rodentiumvirus LL11, Rodentiumvirus NTNC80A, Rodentiumvirus P101117UKE2, Rodentiumvirus PP433, Rodentiumvirus R4596, Roscoffvirus, Roscoffvirus rv15E36, Rosemountvirus ZCSE2, Roskildevirus cronus, Roskildevirus, Rumoivirus, Rumoivirus VruC, Salmonella virus BP12C, Sanovirus sano, Sansavirus sansa, Sarkviridae, Sarmavirus, Sarmavirus sarma103, Savitribaivirus, Savitribaivirus PS, Schenleyvirinae, Schifferlevirus, Schifferlevirus pging00N, Schifferlevirus pging00O, Schifferlevirus pging00P, Schifferlevirus pging00Q, Sebastisaurusvirus, Sebastisaurusvirus heather, Sebastisaurusvirus remusloopin, Sebastisaurusvirus sebastisaurus, Sechaudvirinae, Sepahanvirus, Sepahanvirus GN1, Sepahanvirus yerA41, Serkorvirus 10RS306A, Serkorvirus RpY2, Serkorvirus p2106, Sescentorumvirinae, Shadyvirus, Shadyvirus shady, Shaekyvirus, Shaekyvirus shaeky, Shangxiadianvirus, Shangxiadianvirus CRP118, Shangxiadianvirus CRP403, Sharonstreetvirus xiamensis, Sicariusvirus, Sicariusvirus sicarius2, Sicariusvirus wyborn, Smasvirus, Smasvirus BUCT598, Smasvirus BUCT700, Smasvirus P15, Smasvirus SB1, Smasvirus c9N, Snaubvirus, Snaubvirus pEpSNUABM09, Solymavirus, Solymavirus PSTCR2, Solymavirus PSTRCR120, Songlingvirus, Songlingvirus SI01, Soropartiviridae, Spinunavirus, Spinunavirus ARI01311, Spinunavirus ARI0399, Spinunavirus ARI04601, Spinunavirus ARI04602, Spinunavirus ARI04682, Spinunavirus IPP10, Spinunavirus IPP31, Spinunavirus IPP32, Spinunavirus IPP36, Spinunavirus IPP37, Spinunavirus IPP50, Spinunavirus IPP60, Spinunavirus IPP61, Spinunavirus IPP8, Spinunavirus IPP9, Spinunavirus SF39, Spinunavirus Spn1, Spinunavirus sv040922, Spiovirus, Spiovirus sbp1, Splendidredvirus, Splendidredvirus ray17, Splendidredvirus splendidred, Squirtyvirus squirty, Stackebrandtviridae, Stentvirinae, Streptomyces virus Karimac, Streptomyces virus LukeCage, Streptomyces virus StarPlatinum, Streptomyces virus Wollford, Streptomyces virus Yaboi, Sumtervirus, Sumtervirus S2B, Suseptimavirus PAS59, Suseptimavirus sv4E8, Suspvirus, Suttonboningtonvirus, Suttonboningtonvirus sv1ICo2020, Swepdovirus, Swepdovirus SWEP2, Sycamorevirus, Sycamorevirus sycamore, Tartuvirus, Tartuvirus amme3, Tartuvirus kopa4, Tartuvirus nopa, Tartuvirus roomu2, Teetrevirus CT02, Teetrevirus EF2, Teetrevirus Emp27, Teetrevirus F1M1C, Teetrevirus F2M1C, Teetrevirus F5M1C, Teetrevirus HMGUsm2, Teetrevirus IME305, Teetrevirus K19PH14C4P1, Teetrevirus KP13MC52, Teetrevirus Kp31, Teetrevirus Kpn11mx, Teetrevirus KpnPVAC1, Teetrevirus NLZS3, Teetrevirus Seera, Teetrevirus SALSA, Teetrevirus T7M, Teetrevirus bumbleweed, Teetrevirus glastosback, Teetrevirus keithsmous, Teetrevirus keithstache, Teetrevirus megaducksbill, Teetrevirus mtp14, Teetrevirus mtp15, Teetrevirus mtp4, Teetrevirus mtp8, Teetrevirus patroon, Teetrevirus sekstaphage1, Teetrevirus tv066044, Teetrevirus tv31, Teetrevirus tv6996, Teetrevirus tv6998, Teetrevirus vB8388, Tepoztlanvirus, Tepoztlanvirus RHphTM34, Tepoztlanvirus RHphY120, Tequatrovirus, Tequatrovirus CF2, Teseptimavirus A1122, Teseptimavirus C2, Teseptimavirus EFA2, Teseptimavirus JB01, Teseptimavirus PHB19, Teseptimavirus PVN09, Teseptimavirus SYGE1, Teseptimavirus UFV01, Teseptimavirus YpPY, Teseptimavirus YpYeO9, Teseptimavirus YpsPG, Teseptimavirus jacobburckhardt, Teseptimavirus jeantinguely, Teseptimavirus pO111, Teseptimavirus pila, Teseptimavirus tv04922B, Teseptimavirus yanou, Tevenvirinae, Thetabobvirus renaud18, Thetabobvirus tchen, Thetabobvirus thetabob, Thoosavirus, Thoosavirus HTVC025P, Timquatrovirus TM4, Tiranvirus, Tiranvirus STIP28, Tolavirus, Tolavirus tola, Torinorumvirus, Torinovirus, Torinorumvirus B11, Torinovirus K7A1, Tortellinivirus tortellini, Trautnerviridae, Trelivelvirus, Trelivelvirus VAC51, Triteiavirus, Triteiavirus CRP804, Troedvirus stalingrad, Trogglehumpervirus, Trogglehumpervirus trogglehumper, Tuaanevirus ime13, Tulanevirus ime13, Tunggulvirus GM223, Uavernvirus, Uavernvirus uavern, Uetakevirus PAS61, Ulipvirus, Ulipvirus IME184, Ulipvirus K1ULIP33, Ulipvirus K44PH129C1, Ulipvirus cp4, Ulipvirus pKPM18621, Unosvirus, Unosvirus PCS4, Unosvirus UNOSLW1, Unyawovirus PC2B6, Vandenendeviridae, Vashvirus euratis, Vectrevirus EC120, Vectrevirus EEc2, Vectrevirus KAW1A4500, Vectrevirus Mt1B1P10, Vectrevirus P101101UKE1, Vectrevirus PUTI89UKE2, Vectrevirus ULINTec4, Vectrevirus ULINTec6, Vectrevirus ULINTec7, Vectrevirus cee, Vectrevirus vv6948, Ventosusvirus, Ventosusvirus ventosus, Vetruanivirus, Vetruanivirus porcinsecundi, Vetruanivirus dhakaense, Vetruanivirus porcinprimi, Vetruanivirus primi, Vetruanivirus secundi, Vinavirales, Vistulavirus, Vistulavirus BB8, Vividuovirus lennon, Vividuovirus sitar, Vojvodinavirus CN1, Waldovirus, Vojvodinavirus CN2, Vojvodinavirus FP1, Vojvodinavirus MW2, Waldovirus plaquesplease, Waldovirus waldo5, Warsawvirus 3MF5, Warsawvirus wv3MF5, Weillhallvirus, Weillhallvirus wv16Q, Wendovervirus, Wendovervirus sonii, Wifcevirus AV128, Wifcevirus EC150, Wifcevirus ECO71P1, Wifcevirus Ro157lw, Wifcevirus SP13, Wifcevirus mansfield, Wildcatvirus wildcat, Wizardvirus halo3, Wodongavirus, Wodongavirus REQ3, Wuhanvirus PS07, Xeniaduovirus, Xeniaduovirus xenia2, Xylella virus Sano, Yangvirus ascela, Yangvirus berrie, Yangvirus cassia, Yangvirus janeemi, Yangvirus nitro, Yangvirus tfortroy, Yangvirus tuck, Yautepecvirus, Yautepecvirus RHphX39, Yinyavirus, Yinyavirus AerP220, Yuanmingyuanvirus, Yuanmingyuanvirus NJ2, Yuavirus LKO4, Yuavirus M6, Yuavirus MP1412, Yuavirus PAE1, Yuavirus yua, Yunamivirus, Yunamivirus Y1MI, Yvonnevirus yvonnetastic, Zetacystovirus, Zetacystovirus CAP, Zindervirus GRNsp51, Zindervirus kenyaK30, Zitchvirus apunk, Zitchvirus sampson, Zitchvirus tardus, Zitchvirus viaconlectus, Zoomievirus, Zoomievirus zoomie

Introduction

The taxonomy of bacterial viruses has undergone significant changes in recent years, notably the abolishment of the paraphyletic families Myoviridae, Siphoviridae and Podoviridae, along with the order Caudovirales [1,2]. This reorganization left a number of orphan subfamilies and genera within the class Caudoviricetes without a designated family or order. The adoption of genome-based classification, which focuses on reconstructing virus evolutionary histories through nucleotide and amino-acid sequence similarity, phylogenetic analysis of core genes and increasingly, of protein folds and motifs for the demarcation of higher ranks, has enabled the identification of many new monophyletic taxa [3]. Additionally, a number of tools are now available to aid the classification of bacterial viruses across different taxonomic ranks (e.g. [4,7]).

Here, we present summaries of all ratified taxonomic proposals submitted to the Bacterial Viruses Subcommittee of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) in 2024. These proposals were assessed and approved at the ICTV Executive Committee meeting (EC56, July 2024) and ratified by membership vote in 2025. Full versions of the proposals summarized here, as well as those from previous years, are available on the ICTV website (https://ictv.global/files/proposals/approved). A total of 43 proposals were ratified, leading to the creation of one new phylum, one class, four orders, 33 families, 14 subfamilies, 194 genera and 995 species (Table 1).

Table 1. Summary of taxonomic changes for bacterial viruses, ratified in 2025.

Taxonomy change Species Genus Subfamily Family Order Class Phylum
Abolished 22 1 2 – – – –
New 995 194 14 33 3 1 1
Moved or promoted (and/or renamed) 30 120 12 4 1 – –
Renamed 101 3 – – – – –
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Notable highlights include the creation of the phylum Artimaviricota for a group of segmented RNA viruses predicted to infect thermophilic bacteria [8]. The Lak megaphages [9,10] were assigned to the new order Grandevirales, while the family Autographiviridae was elevated to order (Autographivirales), containing four newly defined families. The new order Pantevenvirales encompasses the families Straboviridae, Kyanoviridae, and Ackermannviridae. Importantly, the creation of 30 new families continues the process of addressing floating taxa within the class Caudoviricetes. This class now contains 31 families assigned to 10 orders, with 70 families remaining unassigned to any order (Fig. 1).

Fig. 1. Cladograms depicting the taxonomy of bacterial viruses for the realms Duplodnaviria, Monodnaviria, Riboviria, Varidnaviria and the families Obscuriviridae and Plasmaviridae which have no realm assigned. The columns adjacent to the leaf labels provide counts of the numbers of genera and species by family.

Fig. 1.

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The Bacterial Viruses Subcommittee has also seen growing engagement from the wider research community, as evidenced by an increased number of proposals originating from outside the Subcommittee and its Study Groups. This is encouraged, and we invite researchers to contact the Subcommittee and relevant Study Groups for guidance (https://ictv.global/study-groups?webform_submission_value_1=7). A file including all the Tables of taxonomic changes below is available as a supplementary file to this article.

Main text

Contents

  • 2024.001B.Alisviridae_Ludisviridae_Nixviridae_3nf_7ng_24ns

  • 2024.002B.Andersonviridae_1nf_2ng_98ns

  • 2024.003B.Berryhillviridae_1nf_7ng_3mg_10ns

  • 2024.005B.Casidaviridae_1nf_9ng_23ns

  • 2024.006B.Cepavirus_Suseptimavirus_Uetakevirus_1ng_3ns

  • 2024.007B.Chimalliviridae_16mg

  • 2024.008B.Colingsworthviridae_1nf_4ng_3mg_8ns

  • 2024.009B.Connertonviridae_1nf_2mg_12ns

  • 2024.010B.Dovevirinae_1nsf_1ng_12ns

  • 2024.011B.Durnavirales_1nf_1ng_1ns

  • 2024.012B.Ehrlichviridae_1nf_6ng_1mg_9ns

  • 2024.013B.Ferrettivirinae_1nsf_3ng_38ns

  • 2024.014B.Grandevirales_1no_2nf_3nsf_4ng_8ns

  • 2024.015B.Grimontviridae_2ng_1mg_2ns

  • 2024.016B.Hodgkinviridae_1nf_2ng_4mg_5ns

  • 2024.017B.Jeanschmidtviridae_1nf_3ng_4mg_6ns

  • 2024.018B.Kronosvirus_1ng_3ns

  • 2024.019B.Kruegerviridae_1nf_1ng_1mg_4ns

  • 2024.020B.Lindbergviridae_1nf_3ng_7mg_21ns

  • 2024.021B.Malkevirus_1ng_5ns

  • 2024.022B.Markadamsvirinae_1ng_1ns

  • 2024.023B.Mcshanvirinae_1nsf_3ng_25ns

  • 2024.024B.Mtkvariviridae_1nf_1msf_10ns

  • 2024.025B.Obscuriviridae_1nf_2ng_3ns

  • 2024.026B.Pantevenvirales_1no_3mf

  • 2024.028B.Philemonvirus_1ns

  • 2024.029B.Rhodococcus_siphoviruses_7ng_7ns

  • 2024.030B.Trautnerviridae_1nf_1nsf_3ng_6ns

  • 2024.031B.Sarkviridae_1nf_1msf_2mg

  • 2024.032B.Sepahanvirus_1ng_2ns

  • 2024.033B.Mazoviaviridae_1nf_1ng_1ns

  • 2024.034B.Stackebrandtviridae_1nf_2nsf_8mg_8ns

  • 2024.036B.Caudoviricetes_Faserviricetes_Name_Corrections

  • 2024.037B.Vandenendeviridae_1nf_2msf_8ng_1mg_11ns

  • 2024.038B.Vinavirales_3nf_1mf_7ng_5ns_3ms

  • 2024.039B.Artimaviricota_np

  • 2024.040B.Sharonstreetvirus_1ns

  • 2024.041B.Camvirus_2ns

  • 2024.042B.Lacfervirus_1ng_1ns

  • 2024.043B.Cystoviridae_6ng_2nsp_1rng_7rnsp

  • 2024.044B.Felixviridae_1nf_1nsf_2ng_1mg_2ns

  • 2024.045B.Autographivirales

2024.001b.Alisviridae_Ludisviridae_NIxviridae_3Nf_7ng_24ns

Title: Create three new families (Alisviridae, Ludisviridae and Nixviridae) with seven new genera and 24 new species

Authors: Matrishin CB, Kauffman KM (kmkauffm@buffalo.edu)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • The viruses classified in this proposal do not have a current taxonomic assignment.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • Creation of three new families (Alisviridae, Ludisviridae and Nixviridae) with seven new genera (Honmavirus, Ludisvirus, Dewhirstvirus, Nixvirus, Haasevirus, Excelsiorvirus and Schifferlevirus) and 24 new species.

  • Justification

  • A comprehensive analysis of publicly available NCBI Porphyromonas gingivalis genomes revealed three new families of viruses, containing seven new genera and 24 new species. This discovery, using a rigorous, complementary bioinformatic approach, revealed what we believe to be precise nucleotide start and end points of the prophage genomes within bacterial contigs. These novel prophages represent the first systematically described phages of P. gingivalis. This work, including the proposed taxonomic classifications and figures shown in this proposal, is described in Matrishin et al. [11]. Phage genomes are available on NCBI within BioProject PRJNA874424.

  • Submitted: 29 May 24

Table 2. Alisviridae, 34 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Family Alisviridae
New taxon Genus Honmavirus
New taxon Species Honmavirus pging00B Porphyromonas phage phage006a_EM3 BK068089
New taxon Species Honmavirus pging00C Porphyromonas phage phage007a_Bg4 PP754929
New taxon Species Honmavirus pging00D Porphyromonas phage phage008a_KCOM2795 BK068090
New taxon Species Honmavirus pging00E Porphyromonas phage phage010a_HG1691old PP754930
New taxon Species Honmavirus pging00F Porphyromonas phage phage011a_WW2952 BK068092
New taxon Species Honmavirus pging00G Porphyromonas phage phage012a_381OKJP BK068093
New taxon Species Honmavirus pging00H Porphyromonas phage phage013a_WW2885 BK068094
New taxon Species Honmavirus pging00I Porphyromonas phage phage014a_Kyudai4 BK068095
New taxon Family Ludisviridae
New taxon Genus Ludisvirus
New taxon Species Ludisvirus pging00A Porphyromonas phage phage005b_ATCC49417 PP754928
New taxon Family Nixviridae
New taxon Genus Dewhirstvirus
New taxon Species Dewhirstvirus pging00J Porphyromonas phage phage016a_WW2866 BK068097
New taxon Species Dewhirstvirus pging00K Porphyromonas phage phage017a_JCVISC001 BK068098
New taxon Species Dewhirstvirus pging00L Porphyromonas phage phage018a_AFR5B1 BK068099
New taxon Species Dewhirstvirus pging00M Porphyromonas phage phage019b_ATCC49417 PP754931
New taxon Genus Nixvirus
New taxon Species Nixvirus pging00X Porphyromonas phage phage032a_KCOM2801 BK068113
New taxon Genus Haasevirus
New taxon Species Haasevirus pging00R Porphyromonas phage phage025a_SJD11 BK068106
New taxon Species Haasevirus pging00T Porphyromonas phage phage027a_F0568 BK068108
New taxon Species Haasevirus pging00U Porphyromonas phage phage028a_KCOM2799 BK068109
New taxon Species Haasevirus pging00V Porphyromonas phage phage029a_Kyudai3 BK068110
New taxon Species Haasevirus pging00W Porphyromonas phage phage030a_KCOM2803 BK068111
New taxon Genus Excelsiorvirus
New taxon Species Excelsiorvirus pging00S Porphyromonas phage phage026a_KCOM2802 BK068107
New taxon Genus Schifferlevirus
New taxon Species Schifferlevirus pging00N Porphyromonas phage phage020a_SJD2 BK068101
New taxon Species Schifferlevirus pging00O Porphyromonas phage phage022a_WW2931 BK068103
New taxon Species Schifferlevirus pging00P Porphyromonas phage phage023a_KCOM2797 BK068104
New taxon Species Schifferlevirus pging00Q Porphyromonas phage phage024a_F0570 BK068105
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.001B.Alisviridae_Ludisviridae_Nixviridae_3nf_7ng_24ns.zip.

2024.002B.Andersonviridae_1nf_2ng_98ns

Title: Create a new family, Andersonviridae for the FelixO1-like phages (class: Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (Phage.Canada@gmail.com)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • At present the following taxa exist as floating genera in the class Caudoviricetes: Felixounavirus, Kolesnikvirus, Suspvirus and Mooglevirus.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • We propose the creation of one new family, Andersonviridae.

  • To update the genus Felixounavirus with 80 new species.

  • To update the genus Mooglevirus with 11 new species.

  • To add one new species to the genus Kolesnikvirus.

  • To create a new genus Daniellevirus with two species.

  • To create a new genus Arnovirus with three species.

  • Justification

  • We investigated the evolutionary relationships of 123 bacteriophages. Analysis of conserved genes revealed that these phages form a deeply branching monophyletic clade with a distance commensurate with the creation of a new family.

  • Submitted: 01 June 24; Revised: 30 September 24

Table 3. Andersonviridae, 100 new taxa*. Table too large, see supplementary information sheet supp_info_tab_3

Table 4. Andersonviridae, 1 move taxa*

Operation Rank Taxon name New parent taxon Old parent taxon
Move taxon Subfamily Ounavirinae Andersonviridae Caudoviricetes
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Table 5. Andersonviridae, 2 move; rename taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name New parent taxon Old taxon name
Move; rename taxon Species Mooglevirus susp1 Mooglevirus Suspvirus SUSP1
Move; rename taxon Species Mooglevirus susp2 Mooglevirus Suspvirus SUSP2
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Table 6. Andersonviridae, 1 abolish taxon*

Operation Rank Abolished taxon name
Abolish taxon Genus Suspvirus
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.002B.Andersonviridae_1nf_2ng_98ns.zip.

2024.003B.Berryhillviridae_1nf_7ng_3mg_10ns

Title: Create a new family, Berryhillviridae, for a group of lytic Arthrobacter phages (class: Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Kurtböke I, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (Phage.Canada@gmail.com)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • At present the following taxa exist as floating genera in the class Caudoviricetes: genera Marthavirus, Vibakivirus, Jawnskivirus and Ayohtrevirus.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • We propose the creation of a new family, Berryhillviridae, including the existing genera Marthavirus, Vibakivirus, and Ayohtrevirus in addition to six new genera, Jinkiesvirus, Jawnskivirus, Lilmacvirus, Altadenavirus, Eastwestvirus and Sicariusvirus.

  • Justification

  • We investigated the evolutionary relationships of 21 bacteriophages. Analysis of conserved genes and tBLASTx distances revealed that these phages form a deeply branching clade at a distance commensurate with the creation of a new family.

  • Submitted: 25 May 24

Table 7. Berryhillviridae, 18 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Family Berryhillviridae
New taxon Genus Jawnskivirus
New taxon Species Jawnskivirus king2 Arthrobacter phage King2 MT776811
New taxon Genus Jinkiesvirus
New taxon Species Jinkiesvirus jinkies Arthrobacter phage Jinkies MT498043
New taxon Genus Lilmacvirus
New taxon Species Lilmacvirus lilmac1015 Arthrobacter phage Lilmac1015 OL742560
New taxon Species Lilmacvirus bolt007 Arthrobacter phage Bolt007 OP985600
New taxon Species Lilmacvirus prairie Arthrobacter phage Prairie MW601223
New taxon Species Lilmacvirus klevey Arthrobacter phage Klevey MZ747522
New taxon Genus Altadenavirus
New taxon Species Altadenavirus altadena Arthrobacter phage Altadena OR521058
New taxon Species Altadenavirus bumble Arthrobacter phage Bumble MT498055
New taxon Genus Eastwestvirus
New taxon Species Eastwestvirus eastwest Arthrobacter phage EastWest OK999980
New taxon Genus Sicariusvirus
New taxon Species Sicariusvirus sicarius2 Arthrobacter phage Sicarius2 MW862982
New taxon Species Sicariusvirus wyborn Arthrobacter phage Wyborn OR475274
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Table 8. Berryhillviridae, 4 move; rename taxa.*

Operation Rank New taxon name New parent taxon Old taxon name
Move; rename taxon Species Jawnskivirus jawnski Jawnskivirus Marthavirus jawnski
Move; rename taxon Species Jawnskivirus beans Jawnskivirus Marthavirus beans
Move; rename taxon Species Jawnskivirus piccoletto Jawnskivirus Marthavirus piccoletto
Move; rename taxon Species Jawnskivirus brent Jawnskivirus Marthavirus brent
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Table 9. Berryhillviridae, 3 move taxa.*

Operation Rank Taxon name New parent taxon Old parent taxon
Move taxon Genus Vibakivirus Berryhillviridae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Ayohtrevirus Berryhillviridae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Marthavirus Berryhillviridae Caudoviricetes
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.003B.Berryhillviridae_1nf_7ng_3mg_10ns.zip.

2024.005B.Casidaviridae_1nf_9ng_23ns

Title: Create a new family, Casidaviridae, for a group of Arthrobacter-Microbacterium phages (class: Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Kurtböke I, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (Phage.Canada@gmail.com)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • At present the following taxa exist as floating genera in the class Caudoviricetes: Zetavirus, Baileybluvirus, Yangvirus, Manhattanvirus and Liebevirus.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • To create a new genus, Gardenstatevirus, with two species

  • To create a new genus, Percivalvirus, with two species.

  • To create a new single species genus Mabodamacavirus.

  • To create a new genus, Barnstormervirus with two species.

  • To create a new single species genus Honkvirus.

  • To create a new single species genus Cenunavirus.

  • To create a new species in Baileybluvirus.

  • To create seven new species in the genus Yangvirus.

  • To create two new species in the genus Manhattanvirus.

  • To create a new single species genus, Emotionvirus.

  • To create a new single species genus, Hilgardvirus.

  • To create a new single species genus, Swepdovirus.

  • To create one new species in the genus Liebevirus.

  • To create a new family, Casidaviridae.

  • Justification

  • We propose the creation of a new family, Casidaviridae, after examination of 21 bacteriophages related to the genera Zetavirus, Baileybluvirus, Yangvirus, Manhattanvirus and Liebevirus based on nucleotide sequence similarity, tBLASTx distances and core gene phylogeny.

  • Submitted: 20 May 24; Revised: 30 September 24

Table 10. Casidaviridae, 33 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Family Casidaviridae
New taxon Species Baileybluvirus callinallbarbz Arthrobacter phage CallinAllBarbz OR553891
New taxon Species Yangvirus janeemi Arthrobacter phage Janeemi ON970616
New taxon Species Yangvirus tuck Arthrobacter phage Tuck OP820474
New taxon Species Yangvirus berrie Arthrobacter phage Berrie PP208921
New taxon Species Yangvirus ascela Arthrobacter phage Ascela OQ709218
New taxon Species Yangvirus cassia Arthrobacter phage Cassia OQ709212
New taxon Species Yangvirus tfortroy Arthrobacter phage TforTroy PP208923
New taxon Species Yangvirus nitro Arthrobacter phage Nitro OR553895
New taxon Species Manhattanvirus vresidence Arthrobacter phage VResidence OP434455
New taxon Species Manhattanvirus wildwest Arthrobacter phage Wildwest OR521060
New taxon Species Liebevirus maguco Arthrobacter phage MaGuCo OQ709203
New taxon Genus Gardenstatevirus
New taxon Species Gardenstatevirus gardenstate Microbacterium phage GardenState MT952845
New taxon Species Gardenstatevirus iamgroot Microbacterium phage IAmGroot MK880124
New taxon Genus Percivalvirus
New taxon Species Percivalvirus percival Microbacterium phage Percival MH271308
New taxon Species Percivalvirus floof Microbacterium phage Floof MH271298
New taxon Genus Mabodamacavirus
New taxon Species Mabodamacavirus mabodamaca Microbacterium phage Mabodamaca OR613467
New taxon Genus Barnstormervirus
New taxon Species Barnstormervirus barnstormer Microbacterium phage Barnstormer OQ190478
New taxon Species Barnstormervirus caron Microbacterium phage Caron OQ190481
New taxon Genus Honkvirus
New taxon Species Honkvirus honk Microbacterium phage Honk MW862981
New taxon Genus Cenunavirus
New taxon Species Cenunavirus Cen1621 Microbacterium phage Cen1621 ON970568
New taxon Genus Emotionvirus
New taxon Species Emotionvirus emotion Arthrobacter phage Emotion OQ709216
New taxon Genus Hilgardvirus
New taxon Species Hilgardvirus vroomvroom Arthrobacter phage VroomVroom OQ938592
New taxon Genus Swepdovirus
New taxon Species Swepdovirus SWEP2 Arthrobacter phage SWEP2 ON528933
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Table 11. Casidaviridae, 5 move taxa*

Operation Rank Taxon name New parent taxon Old parent taxon
Move taxon Genus Zetavirus Casidaviridae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Baileybluvirus Casidaviridae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Yangvirus Casidaviridae Azeevirinae
Move taxon Genus Manhattanvirus Casidaviridae Azeevirinae
Move taxon Genus Liebevirus Casidaviridae Azeevirinae
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Table 12. Casidaviridae, 1 abolish taxon*

Operation Rank Abolished taxon name
Abolish taxon Subfamily Azeevirinae
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.005B.Casidaviridae_1nf_9ng_23ns.zip.

2024.006B.Cepavirus_Suseptimavirus_Uetakevirus_1ng_3ns

Title: Create a new genus, Cepavirus, with one species (Caudoviricetes; Autographiviridae; Slopekvirinae) and new species in the genera Suseptimavirus (Caudoviricetes; Gordonclarkvirinae) and Uetakevirus (Caudoviricetes).

Authors: Pas C, Fieseler L, Briers Y (yves.briers@ugent.be)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Genus and species.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • The bacterial viruses in this proposal are currently unclassified.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • Creation of a new genus, Cepavirus, within the subfamily Slopekvirinae, family Autographiviridae.

  • Assign Escherichia phage vB_EcoP_PAS7 as a new species in the new genus, Cepavirus.

  • Assign Escherichia phage vB_EcoP_PAS59 as a new species in the genus Suseptimavirus, subfamily Gordonclarkvirinae.

  • Assign Escherichia phage vB_EcoP_PAS6 as a new species within the genus Uetakevirus.

  • Justification

  • These bacterial viruses fall within current genus and species demarcation criteria for inclusion within existing genera.

  • Submitted: 27 November 23

Table 13. Cepavirus, 4 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Genus Cepavirus
New taxon Species Cepavirus PAS7 Escherichia phage vB_EcoP_PAS7 OQ921331
New taxon Species Suseptimavirus PAS59 Escherichia phage vB_EcoP_PAS59 OQ921332
New taxon Species Uetakevirus PAS61 Escherichia phage vB_EcoP_PAS61 OQ921333
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.006B.Cepavirus_Suseptimavirus_Uetakevirus_1ng_3ns.zip.

2024.007B.Chimalliviridae_16mg

Title: Move newly classified viral genera into Chimalliviridae family and fix previous error

Author: Prichard A, Pogliano J (jpogliano@ucsd.edu)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • We propose to move fifteen genera into the Chimalliviridae family and remove one genus from this family.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • Last year, we submitted a proposal to create a new viral family called Chimalliviridae and re-assigned currently classified viruses into this family. This proposal was accepted, but in the meantime, more viruses that belong in this family have been officially recognized and classified by the ICTV. Since these proposals were submitted in the same year as ours, and there was no existing family that was appropriate for them to be assigned to at the time, these viruses were not assigned to any viral families. However, we believe that these viruses belong to the now-recognized Chimalliviridae family.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • Members of the newly created genera Miamivirus, Nimduovirus, Meadowvirus, Branisovskavirus, Ferozepurvirus, Chaoshanvirus, Ludhianavirus, Siatvirus, Maaswegvirus, Eowynvirus, Miltoncavirus, Phabiovirus, Serwervirus, Tepukevirus and Pawinskivirus should be added to the family Chimalliviridae. Additionally, the genus Takahashivirus should be removed from the family Chimalliviridae, as it was included in our proposal last year by mistake and should not belong to this family.

  • Justification

  • We have redone the phylogenetic analysis used to support the creation of the family Chimalliviridae but with the inclusion of several newly classified genera. This shows that these new genera belong in the family Chimalliviridae, while Takahashivirus PBS1, which we included by mistake, does not.

  • Submitted: 12 June 24

Table 14. Chimalliviridae, 16 move taxa*

Operation Rank Taxon name Old parent taxon New parent taxon
Move taxon Genus Takahashivirus Chimalliviridae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Branisovskavirus Caudoviricetes Chimalliviridae
Move taxon Genus Chaoshanvirus Caudoviricetes Chimalliviridae
Move taxon Genus Eowynvirus Caudoviricetes Chimalliviridae
Move taxon Genus Ferozepurvirus Caudoviricetes Chimalliviridae
Move taxon Genus Ludhianavirus Caudoviricetes Chimalliviridae
Move taxon Genus Maaswegvirus Caudoviricetes Chimalliviridae
Move taxon Genus Meadowvirus Caudoviricetes Chimalliviridae
Move taxon Genus Miamivirus Caudoviricetes Chimalliviridae
Move taxon Genus Miltoncavirus Caudoviricetes Chimalliviridae
Move taxon Genus Nimduovirus Caudoviricetes Chimalliviridae
Move taxon Genus Pawinskivirus Caudoviricetes Chimalliviridae
Move taxon Genus Phabiovirus Caudoviricetes Chimalliviridae
Move taxon Genus Serwervirus Caudoviricetes Chimalliviridae
Move taxon Genus Siatvirus Caudoviricetes Chimalliviridae
Move taxon Genus Tepukevirus Caudoviricetes Chimalliviridae
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.007B.Chimalliviridae_16mg.zip.

2024.008B.Colingsworthviridae_1nf_4ng_3mg_8ns

Title: Create a new family, Colingsworthviridae, of Streptomyces temperate phages (class Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Kurtböke I, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (Phage.Canada@gmail.com)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • Three taxa of temperate Streptomyces phages exist as floating genera in the class Caudoviricetes, namely, Vashvirus, Tigunavirus and Lomovskayavirus. Up to the present, no effort has been made to assign them to higher taxa.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • Create a new single species genus Shadyvirus.

  • Create a new single species genus Sycamorevirus.

  • Create a new single species genus Shaekyvirus.

  • Create a new genus Sebastisaurusvirus with three species.

  • To add a single new species to the genus Vashvirus.

  • To add a single new species to the genus Lomovskayavirus.

  • To create a new family, Colingsworthviridae, for these genera.

  • To transfer Vashvirus, Tigunavirus and Lomovskayavirus to this new family.

  • Justification

  • As a result of detailed genomic, proteomic and phylogenetic analyses using VIRIDIC, ViPTree, VirClust, we propose to create four new genera of Phi-C31-like temperate siphoviruses, in a new family named in honour of the first person to isolate a Streptomyces bacteriophage, Dr. Donald Colingsworth.

  • Submitted: 15 May 24; Revised: 30 September 24

Table 15. Colingsworthviridae, 13 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Family Colingsworthviridae
New taxon Genus Shadyvirus
New taxon Species Shadyvirus shady Streptomyces phage Shady MT701596
New taxon Genus Sycamorevirus
New taxon Species Sycamorevirus sycamore Streptomyces phage Sycamore MT701593
New taxon Genus Shaekyvirus
New taxon Species Shaekyvirus shaeky Streptomyces phage Shaeky MT701595
New taxon Genus Sebastisaurusvirus
New taxon Species Sebastisaurusvirus sebastisaurus Streptomyces phage Sebastisaurus MK450433
New taxon Species Sebastisaurusvirus heather Streptomyces phage Heather MK686069
New taxon Species Sebastisaurusvirus remusloopin Streptomyces phage RemusLoopin MK686068
New taxon Species Vashvirus euratis Streptomyces phage Euratis MK450426
New taxon Species Lomovskayavirus shawty Streptomyces phage Shawty MK433266
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Table 16. Colingsworthviridae, 3 move taxa*

Operation Rank Taxon name New parent taxon Old parent taxon
Move taxon Genus Vashvirus Colingsworthviridae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Lomovskayavirus Colingsworthviridae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Tigunavirus Colingsworthviridae Caudoviricetes
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.008B.Colingsworthviridae_1nf_4ng_3mg_8ns.zip.

2024.009B.Connertonviridae_1nf_2mg_12ns

Title: Create a new family, Connertonviridae for a group of Campylobacter phages (class: Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (Phage.Canada@gmail.com)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • At present the following taxa exist as genera within the floating subfamily Eucampyvirinae, class Caudoviricetes: Fletchervirus and Firehammervirus.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • To create eight new species in the genus Fletchervirus.

  • To create four new species in the genus Firehammervirus.

  • To create a new family Connertonviridae and abolish the subfamily Eucampyvirinae.

  • To move the genera Fletchervirus and Firehammervirus into this family.

  • Justification

  • We propose the abolishment of the subfamily Eucampyvirinae and the creation of a new family Connertonviridae based on analysis of the genera Fletchervirus and Firehammervirus using VIRIDIC, ViPTree, VirClust and phylogeny of 16 core proteins shared between the member species.

  • Submitted: 30 May 24

Table 17. Connertonviridae, 13 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Family Connertonviridae
New taxon Species Fletchervirus F341 Campylobacter phage F341 OQ864999
New taxon Species Fletchervirus QDYZ Campylobacter phage vB_Cj_QDYZ OQ515481
New taxon Species Fletchervirus PC5 Campylobacter phage PC5 KX229736
New taxon Species Fletchervirus F336 Campylobacter phage F336 MT863715
New taxon Species Fletchervirus CJLB7 Campylobacter phage CJLB-7 MW057933
New taxon Species Fletchervirus CJLB10 Campylobacter phage CJLB-10 MW074124
New taxon Species Fletchervirus F372 Campylobacter phage F372 MT863729
New taxon Species Fletchervirus F207 Campylobacter phage F207 MT863714
New taxon Species Firehammervirus CJLB15 Campylobacter phage CJLB-15 MW365733
New taxon Species Firehammervirus F379 Campylobacter phage F379 MT932329
New taxon Species Firehammervirus CJLB12 Campylobacter phage CJLB-12 MW074125
New taxon Species Firehammervirus CJLB14 Campylobacter phage CJLB-14 MW074126
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Table 18. Connertonviridae, 2 move taxa*

Operation Rank Taxon name New parent taxon Old parent taxon
Move taxon Genus Fletchervirus Connertonviridae Eucampyvirinae
Move taxon Genus Firehammervirus Connertonviridae Eucampyvirinae
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Table 19. Connertonviridae, 1 abolish taxon*

Operation Rank Abolished taxon name
Abolish taxon Subfamily Eucampyvirinae
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.009B.Connertonviridae_1nf_2mg_12ns.zip.

2024.010B.Dovevirinae_1nsf_1ng_12ns

Title: Create a new subfamily, Dovevirinae, with two genera for a group of lytic Gordonia phages (class: Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Kurtböke I, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (Phage.Canada@gmail.com)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • Currently phages grouped within cluster DV in the Actinobacteriophage Database are recognized in the genus Lambovirus. These are lytic siphophages with circularly permuted genomes infecting Gordonia species.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • The creation of a new subfamily, Dovevirinae, including two genera, Lambovirus and Xeniaduovirus, is proposed.

  • Justification

  • Constituent species in these genera exhibit greater than 50% nucleotide sequence similarity supporting their assignment to a new subfamily.

  • Submitted: 01 June 24

Table 20. Dovevirinae, 14 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Subfamily Dovevirinae
New taxon Genus Xeniaduovirus
New taxon Species Xeniaduovirus xenia2 Gordonia phage Xenia2 PP725409
New taxon Species Lambovirus wojtek Gordonia phage Wojtek OL455890
New taxon Species Lambovirus genamy16 Gordonia phage Genamy16 ON755185
New taxon Species Lambovirus novasharks Gordonia phage NovaSharks ON755187
New taxon Species Lambovirus zany Gordonia phage Zany OL455887
New taxon Species Lambovirus erutan Gordonia phage Erutan OR475273
New taxon Species Lambovirus jalebi Gordonia phage Jalebi OL455895
New taxon Species Lambovirus birthdayboy Gordonia phage BirthdayBoy OR475261
New taxon Species Lambovirus fulcrum Gordonia phage Fulcrum OR521071
New taxon Species Lambovirus parvustarda Gordonia phage ParvusTarda OP172868
New taxon Species Lambovirus otterstedtS21 Gordonia phage OtterstedtS21 OP172870
New taxon Species Lambovirus patos Gordonia phage Patos OP172876
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Table 21. Dovevirinae, 1 move taxon*

Operation Rank Taxon name New parent taxon Old parent taxon
Move taxon Genus Lambovirus Dovevirinae Caudoviricetes
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.010B.Dovevirinae_1nsf_1ng_12ns.zip.

2024.011B.Durnavirales_1nf_1ng_1ns

Title: Create a new family, Soropartiviridae, within the order Durnavirales for classification of partiti-like virus infecting thermoacidophilic bacteria

Authors: Syun-ichi Urayama (urayama.shunichi.gn@u.tsukuba.ac.jp), Akihito Fukudome, Eugene V. Koonin, Takuro Nunoura, Mart Krupovic (mart.krupovic@pasteur.fr)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Riboviria, Orthornavirae, Pisuviricota, Duplopiviricetes, Durnavirales.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • Order Durnavirales includes six families of viruses with double-stranded RNA genomes. Most of the durnavirals infect fungal hosts, with the exception of partitivirids, which besides fungi, infect plants and protozoa, and picobirnavirids, which appear to infect bacteria.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • Create a new family, Soropartiviridae, with a genus, Caliparnavirus, within the order Durnavirales to classify partiti-like viruses discovered in the hot spring samples and infecting thermoacidophilic bacteria.

  • Justification

  • Phylogenetic analysis based on the RNA-directed RNA polymerase (RdRP) placed the new group of bacterial partiti-like viruses outside of the established Partitiviridae genera. Furthermore, unlike all other classified partivirids, one of the two segments of soropartivirids is bicistronic.

  • Submitted: 21 June 24

Table 22. Durnavirales, 3 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Family Soropartiviridae
New taxon Genus Caliparnavirus
New taxon Species Caliparnavirus acidus hot spring partiti-like virus 1 RNA1: BTCP01000001; RNA2: BTCP01000004
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.011B.Durnavirales_1nf_1ng_1ns.zip.

2024.012B.Ehrlichviridae_1nf_6ng_1mg_9ns

Title: Create a new family, Ehrlichviridae, for a group of Bacillus Andromeda-like phages (class: Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Barylski J (b54026@amu.edu.pl), Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • The genus Andromedavirus currently exists as a floating genus in the class Caudoviricetes.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • To create a new genus Suttonboningtonvirus with one species.

  • To create a new genus Gettysburgvirus with three species.

  • To add three new species to the genus Andromedavirus.

  • To create a new single species genus Anathvirus.

  • To create a new single species genus Dazunavirus.

  • To create a new single species genus Chennaivirus.

  • To create a new single species genus Nairobivirus.

  • To create a new family, Ehrlichviridae, for the above-mentioned taxa.

  • Justification

  • The phages comprising these taxa form a deep branching clade using tBLASTx distances and single gene phylogeny. Core gene analysis shows the presence of 15 proteins conserved across all members of the proposed family.

  • Submitted: 19 April 24

Table 23. Ehrlichviridae, 16 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Family Ehrlichviridae
New taxon Species Andromedavirus leo2 Bacillus phage Leo2 KU836751
New taxon Genus Suttonboningtonvirus
New taxon Species Suttonboningtonvirus sv1ICo2020 Bacillus phage 1_ICo-2020 MT700412
New taxon Genus Gettysburgvirus
New taxon Species Gettysburgvirus gv056SW001B Bacillus phage 056SW001B MN176230
New taxon Species Gettysburgvirus gv268TH004 Bacillus phage 268TH004 MW394467
New taxon Species Gettysburgvirus gv019DV002 Bacillus phage 019DV002 MN176220
New taxon Genus Anathvirus
New taxon Species Anathvirus anath Bacillus phage Anath MG983742
New taxon Genus Dazunavirus
New taxon Species Dazunavirus DZ1 Bacillus phage DZ1 OR338916
New taxon Genus Chennaivirus
New taxon Species Chennaivirus MVCVPHSA1 Staphylococcus phage MVC_VPHSA1 OR670591
New taxon Genus Nairobivirus
New taxon Species Nairobivirus nv36 Bacillus phage vB_BpsS-36 MH884513
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Table 24. Ehrlichviridae, 1 move taxon*

Operation Rank Taxon name New parent taxon Old parent taxon
Move taxon Genus Andromedavirus Ehrlichviridae Caudoviricetes
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.012B.Ehrlichviridae_1nf_6ng_1mg_9ns.zip.

2024.013B.Ferrettivirinae_1nsf_3ng_38ns

Title: To create a new subfamily, Ferrettivirinae, for Streptococcus prophages (class: Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Tolstoy I, Moraru C, Kropinski AM (Phage.Canada@gmail.com)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • The viruses classified in this proposal do not have a current taxonomic assignment.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • We propose a new subfamily in the class Caudoviricetes, named in honour of Professor Joseph J. Ferretti, of Streptococcus temperate siphoprophages including three genera: Spinunavirus, Norfolkplacevirus and Hinxtonvirus.

  • Justification

  • Collectively, these phages share ≥29.7% DNA sequence similarity and 14 homologous proteins (22.2% in common).

  • Submitted: 07 May 24

Table 25. Ferrettivirinae, 42 new taxa*. Table too large, see supplementary information sheet supp_info_tab_25

*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.013B.Ferrettivirinae_1nsf_3ng_38ns.zip

2024.014B.Grandevirales_1no_2nf_3nsf_4ng_8ns

Title: Create one new order Grandevirales (Duplodnaviria)

Authors: Cook R, Pye HV, Crisci MA, Telatin A, Santini JM (j.santini@ucl.ac.uk), Adriaenssens EM (Evelien.adriaenssens@quadram.ac.uk)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • The viruses classified in this proposal do not have a current taxonomic assignment.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • We propose the creation of one new order, Grandevirales, including two new families, Lakviridae and Epsomviridae, three sub-families (Quingentivirinae, Quadringentisvirinae and Sescentorumvirinae) and four genera (Vetruanivirus, Hatfieldvirus, Amboselivirus and Wendovervirus). We also propose the creation of eight novel species within these genera.

  • Justification

  • We investigated the evolutionary relationships of 23 megaphage genomes with sizes greater than 400 kb and propose a taxonomy for their classification. Analysis of their putative proteins revealed that Lak phages form a deeply branching monophyletic clade within the class Caudoviricetes apart from all other genomes, and hence justifies the creation of a new order Grandevirales. One of the interesting features of this clade is that all current members are characterized by an alternative genetic code, where the TAG stop codon is repurposed to encode an amino acid.

  • Submitted: 04 June 23; Revised: 07 October 24

Table 26 Grandevirales, 18 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Order Grandevirales
New taxon Family Lakviridae
New taxon Subfamily Quingentivirinae
New taxon Genus Vetruanivirus
New taxon Species Vetruanivirus primi Prevotella phage Lak-A1 MK250015
New taxon Species Vetruanivirus secundi Prevotella phage Lak-A2 MK250019
New taxon Species Vetruanivirus dhakaense Prevotella phage Lak-C1 MK250029
New taxon Species Vetruanivirus porcinprimi uncultured phage RVC AP1_GC26 OR769218
New taxon Species Vetruanivirus porcinsecundi uncultured phage RVC AP3_GC26 OR769219
New taxon Genus Amboselivirus
New taxon Species Amboselivirus simi Prevotella phage Lak-B1 MK250020
New taxon Subfamily Quadringentisvirinae
New taxon Genus Hatfieldvirus
New taxon Species Hatfieldvirus porci uncultured phage RVC_JS4_GC31 OR769222
New taxon Family Epsomviridae
New taxon Subfamily Sescentorumvirinae
New taxon Genus Wendovervirus
New taxon Species Wendovervirus sonii uncultured phage HB1 OR769223
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.014B.Grandevirales_1no_2nf_3nsf_4ng_8ns.zip.

2024.015B.Grimontviridae_2ng_1mg_2ns

Title: To update the family Grimontviridae through the addition of three genera (class: Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Dechesne A, Moraru C, Parra B, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (Phage.Canada@gmail.com)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes, family Grimontviridae.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • The C3 group of podoviruses are a very rare morphotype possessing elongated capsids, the ‘type virus’ of which is Escherichia phage phiEco32. The family Grimontviridae currently consists of five genera: Crifsvirus, Dalianvirus, Libingvirus, Moazamivirus and Privateervirus.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • Create a new single species genus Lundtoftevirus Transfer the genus Lahexavirus to the family Grimontviridae.

  • Justification

  • The family is represented by a cohesive and monophyletic group in the main predicted proteome-based clustering tools (VirClust, ViPTree and vConTACT2). Members of the family share 12 core proteins.

  • Submitted: 06 May 24; Revised: 30 June 24

Table 27 Grimontviridae, 2 new taxa.*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Genus Lundtoftevirus
New taxon Species Lundtoftevirus Lu221 IncN phage Lu221 OQ829281
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Table 28 Grimontviridae, 2 move taxa*

Operation Rank Taxon name New parent taxon Old parent taxon
Move taxon Genus Lahexavirus Grimontviridae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Aquaneticvirus Grimontviridae Caudoviricetes
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.015B.Grimontviridae_2ng_1mg_2ns.zip.

2024.016B.Hodgkinviridae_1nf_2ng_4mg_5ns

Title: Create a new family, Hodgkinviridae, for a group of lytic Microbacterium phages (class: Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Kurtböke I, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (Phage.Canada@gmail.com)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • The genera Mementomorivirus, Quhwahvirus and Meganvirus exist as floating genera in the class Caudoviricetes.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • To create a new single-species genus, Fuzzbustervirus

  • To add a single new species to the genus Kozievirus.

  • To split the genus Mementomorivirus in two, creating Margaeryvirus.

  • To add a single new species to the genus Meganvirus.

  • To add two species to the genus Quhwahvirus.

  • To create a new family, Hodgkinviridae, for these genera and Metamorphoovirus.

  • Justification

  • Using VIRIDIC, ViPTree, VIRCLUST and vConTACT v.3.0, we have established that this is a cohesive group of lytic Microbacterium siphoviruses which share ≥12.2% DNA sequence similarity and 14 common proteins.

  • Submitted: 27 May 24; Revised: 30 September 24

Table 29 Hodgkinviridae, 8 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Family Hodgkinviridae
New taxon Species Kozievirus MO526 Microbacterium phage MO526 OR941552
New taxon Species Meganvirus nichole72 Microbacterium phage Nicole72 OR159674
New taxon Species Quhwahvirus pulchra Microbacterium phage Pulchra MW601217
New taxon Species Quhwahvirus littlefortune Microbacterium phage LittleFortune OR475280
New taxon Genus Fuzzbustervirus
New taxon Species Fuzzbustervirus fuzzbuster Microbacterium phage FuzzBuster MN062720
New taxon Genus Margaeryvirus
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Table 30 Hodgkinviridae, 4 move taxa*

Operation Rank Taxon name New parent taxon Old parent taxa
Move taxon Subfamily Kutznervirinae Hodgkinviridae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Meganvirus Hodgkinviridae Kutznervirinae
Move taxon Genus Quhwahvirus Hodgkinviridae Kutznervirinae
Move taxon Genus Metamorphoovirus Hodgkinviridae Kutznervirinae
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Table 31 Hodgkinviridae, 2 move; rename taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name New parent taxon Old taxon name
Move; rename taxon Species Margaeryvirus margaery Margaeryvirus Mementomorivirus margaery
Move; rename taxon Species Margaeryvirus terij Margaeryvirus Mementomorivirus terij
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.016B.Hodgkinviridae_1nf_2ng_4mg_5ns.zip.

2024.017B.Jeanschmidtviridae_1nf_3ng_4mg_6ns

Title: Create a new family, Jeanschmidtviridae for a group of Caulobacter and Brevundimonas phages (class: Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Millard A, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (Phage.Canada@gmail.com)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • The taxa Colossusvirus, Bertelyvirus, Shapirovirus and Poindextervirus are floating genera in the class Caudoviricetes.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • To create a new genus, Kikimoravirus, with two species.

  • To create a new genus, Marchewkavirus, with three species.

  • To create a single-species genus, Bajunvirus. Abolish the subfamily Dolichocephalovirinae.

  • To create a new family, Jeanschmidtviridae, for these genera and Colossusvirus, Bertelyvirus, Shapirovirus and Poindextervirus.

  • Justification

  • The proposed members share ≥10.3% DNA sequence similarity and share 38 protein homologs.

  • Submitted: 10 June 24; Revised: 30 September 24

Table 32 Jeanschmidtviridae, 10 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Family Jeanschmidtviridae
New taxon Genus Kikimoravirus
New taxon Species Kikimoravirus kikimora Brevundimonas phage vB_BpoS-Kikimora ON529857
New taxon Species Kikimoravirus gurke Brevundimonas phage vB_BpoS-Gurke ON529850
New taxon Genus Marchewkavirus
New taxon Species Marchewkavirus marchewka Brevundimonas phage vB_BpoS-Marchewka ON529851
New taxon Species Marchewkavirus kabachok Brevundimonas phage vB_BpoS-Kabachok ON529852
New taxon Species Marchewkavirus domovoi Brevundimonas phage vB_BpoS-Domovoi ON529855
New taxon Genus Bajunvirus
New taxon Species Bajunvirus bajun Brevundimonas phage vB_BpoS-Bajun ON529858
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Table 33. Jeanschmidtviridae, 4 move taxa*

Operation Rank Taxon name New parent taxon Old parent taxon
Move taxon Genus Colossusvirus Jeanschmidtviridae Dolichocephalovirinae
Move taxon Genus Bertelyvirus Jeanschmidtviridae Dolichocephalovirinae
Move taxon Genus Shapirovirus Jeanschmidtviridae Dolichocephalovirinae
Move taxon Genus Poindextervirus Jeanschmidtviridae Dolichocephalovirinae
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Table 34. Jeanschmidtviridae, 1 abolish taxon*

Operation Rank Abolished taxon name
Abolish taxon Subfamily Dolichocephalovirinae
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.017B.Jeanschmidtviridae_1nf_3ng_4mg_6ns.zip.

2024.018B.Kronosvirus_1ng_3ns

Title: Create one new genus (Kronosvirus) with three species (Caudoviricetes).

Author: Ely B (ely@sc.edu)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • The viruses classified in this proposal do not have a current taxonomic assignment.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • Caulobacter bacteriophage Kronos is a unique siphovirus with a 50 nm icosahedral head and a long (150 nm) flexible tail. Aside from two phages, there are no close matches of its genome sequence to any other bacteriophage in the GenBank database. Additional phages that are closely related to Kronos can be grouped into three distinct species based on the ICTV criteria.

  • Justification

  • The creation of the genus Kronosvirus complies with current demarcation criteria [2].

  • Submitted: 27 May 24

Table 35. Kronosvirus, 4 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Genus Kronosvirus
New taxon Species Kronosvirus pelion Caulobacter phage Kronos MH884648
New taxon Species Kronosvirus pomeria Caulobacter phage TMCBR2 OQ269668
New taxon Species Kronosvirus elgin Caulobacter phage TMCBR4 OQ330850
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.018B.Kronosvirus_1ng_3ns.zip.

2024.019B.Kruegerviridae_1nf_1ng_1mg_4ns

Title: Create a new family, Kruegerviridae, for a group of Gordonia phages (class: Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Kurtböke I, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (Phage.Canada@gmail.com)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • Vanleevirus currently exists as a floating genus in the class Caudoviricetes.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • To create a new genus Cafassovirus with four species.

  • To create a new family, Kruegerviridae, for the genera Cafassovirus and Vanleevirus.

  • Justification

  • By VIRIDIC analysis, members of these two genera share ≥18.8% DNA sequence similarity and also share 46 protein homologs. The genera Vanleevirus and Cafassovirus form a deep-branching clade using tBLASTx distances, commensurate with the establishment of a new family of bacterial viruses.

  • Submitted: 28 May 24; Revised: 30 September 24

Table 36. Kruegerviridae, 6 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Family Kruegerviridae
New taxon Genus Cafassovirus
New taxon Species Cafassovirus cafasso Gordonia phage Cafasso MZ322021
New taxon Species Cafassovirus morgana Gordonia phage Morgana PP537962
New taxon Species Cafassovirus aleemily Gordonia phage Aleemily ON970578
New taxon Species Cafassovirus obladi Gordonia phage ObLaDi OP297535
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Table 37. Kruegerviridae, 1 move taxon*

Operation Rank Taxon name New parent taxon Old parent taxon
Move taxon Genus Vanleevirus Kruegerviridae Caudoviricetes
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.019B.Kruegerviridae_1nf_1ng_1mg_4ns.zip.

2024.020B.Lindbergviridae_1nf_3ng_7mg_21ns

Title: Create a new family, Lindbergviridae, for PB1-like phages (class: Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (Phage.Canada@gmail.com)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • PB1-like phages have been classified into the following genera: Kylevirus, Tabernariusvirus, Bcepfunavirus, Pbunavirus, Wifcevirus, Myosmarvirus and Carpasinavirus. All these are myoviruses infecting members of the Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • To create ten new species in the genus Pbunavirus.

  • To create one new species in the genus Myosmarvirus.

  • To add six new species to the genus Wifcevirus.

  • To add one new species to the genus Carpasinavirus.

  • To create a new single species genus Gladiolivirus.

  • To create a new single species genus Irusalimvirus.

  • To create a new single species genus Plutovirus.

  • To create a new family, Lindbergviridae, for the above-mentioned taxa as well as Kylevirus, Tabernariusvirus and Bcepfunavirus.

  • Justification

  • All our genomic and proteomic analyses reveal that the previously established genera Kylevirus (2020.086B.R.Kylevirus), Tabernariusvirus (2018.099B.A.v1.Tabernariusvirus), Bcepfunavirus (2020.116B.R.Pbunavirus), Pbunavirus, Wifcevirus, Myosmarvirus and Carpasinavirus together with the three new genera listed above belong to a new family which we have named in honour of Alf A. Lindberg. The bacteriophages share 12 common proteins.

  • Submitted: 27 April 24; Revised: 30 September 24

Table 38. Lindbergviridae, 25 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Family Lindbergviridae
New taxon Species Pbunavirus SG1 Pseudomonas phage SG1 OQ594965
New taxon Species Pbunavirus pv109 Pseudomonas phage 109 OQ831730
New taxon Species Pbunavirus FBPa14 Pseudomonas phage vB_PaeM_FBPa14 ON375839
New taxon Species Pbunavirus wadjak13 Pseudomonas phage Kara-mokiny kep-wari Wadjak_13 OP310979
New taxon Species Pbunavirus TH15 Pseudomonas phage TH15 MW406974
New taxon Species Pbunavirus PSA09 Pseudomonas phage PSA09 MZ089730
New taxon Species Pbunavirus ph0031 Pseudomonas phage PhL_UNISO_PA-DSM_ph0031 MW526258
New taxon Species Pbunavirus PSA25 Pseudomonas phage PSA25 MZ089736
New taxon Species Pbunavirus FBPa35 Pseudomonas phage vB_PaeM_FBPa35 ON857938
New taxon Species Pbunavirus victoria Pseudomonas phage Victoria OR805296
New taxon Species Myosmarvirus SMP Serratia phage SMP OP490597
New taxon Species Wifcevirus SP13 Escherichia phage vB_EcoM_SP13 OP352608
New taxon Species Wifcevirus AV128 Escherichia phage AV128 OR352958
New taxon Species Wifcevirus Ro157lw Escherichia phage vB_EcoM-Ro157lw MH051335
New taxon Species Wifcevirus EC150 Escherichia phage EC150 ON210137
New taxon Species Wifcevirus mansfield Escherichia phage Mansfield MK903282
New taxon Species Wifcevirus ECO71P1 Escherichia phage ECO71P1 OP172789
New taxon Species Carpasinavirus FoX6 Xanthomonas phage FoX6 MT161386
New taxon Genus Gladiolivirus
New taxon Species Gladiolivirus maja Burkholderia phage Maja MT708549
New taxon Genus Irusalimvirus
New taxon Species Irusalimvirus BCSR52 Burkholderia phage BCSR52 MW460246
New taxon Genus Plutovirus
New taxon Species Plutovirus pluto Luteibacter phage vB_LflM-Pluto ON529861
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Table 39. Lindbergviridae, 7 move taxa*

Operation Rank Taxon name New parent taxon Old parent taxa
Move taxon Genus Kylevirus Lindbergviridae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Tabernariusvirus Lindbergviridae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Bcepfunavirus Lindbergviridae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Pbunavirus Lindbergviridae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Myosmarvirus Lindbergviridae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Wifcevirus Lindbergviridae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Carpasinavirus Lindbergviridae Caudoviricetes
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.020B.Lindbergviridae_1nf_3ng_7mg_21ns.zip.

2024.021B.Malkevirus_1ng_5ns

Title: To create a new genus, Malkevirus, for Streptococcus prophages (class: Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Tolstoy I, Moraru C, Kropinski AM (Phage.Canada@gmail.com)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • The viruses classified in this proposal do not have a current taxonomic assignment.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • We propose a new genus, named in honour of Professor Dr. Horst Malke, comprised of temperate siphoviruses infecting Streptococcus spp.

  • Justification

  • The viruses fall into a genus based on current demarcation criteria.

  • Submitted: 07 May 24

Table 40. Malkevirus, 6 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Genus Malkevirus
New taxon Species Malkevirus ARI02853 Streptococcus phage phiARI0285-3 KT337347
New taxon Species Malkevirus IPP67 Streptococcus phage IPP67 KY065503
New taxon Species Malkevirus IPP45 Streptococcus phage IPP45 KY065485
New taxon Species Malkevirus mv23782 Streptococcus phage 23782 FR671408
New taxon Species Malkevirus mv11865 Streptococcus phage 11865 FR671409
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.021B.Malkevirus_1ng_5ns.zip.

2024.022B.Markadamsvirinae_1ng_1ns

Title: Create a new genus, Kononvirus, with a single species in the subfamily Markadamsvirinae (Caudoviricetes: Demerecviridae)

Authors: Wójcicki M (michal.wojcicki@hirszfeld.pl), Shymialevich D, Średnicka P, Gientka I, Błażejak S, Sokołowska B

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Proposal to create a new genus (Kononvirus) with a single species (tailed phages from class Caudoviricetes, family Demerecviridae and subfamily Markadamsvirinae).

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • In 2022, significant changes to the taxonomy of bacterial viruses were introduced: the paraphyletic morphological families Podoviridae, Siphoviridae and Myoviridae as well as the order Caudovirales were abolished, which is replaced by the class Caudoviricetes to group all tailed bacterial and archaeal viruses with icosahedral capsids and a double-stranded DNA genome. Moreover, a binomial system of nomenclature for species was implemented. Currently, the family Demerecviridae includes three subfamilies (Ermolyevavirinae, Markadamsvirinae and Mccorquodalevirinae) and six separate genera (Keyvirus, Novosibvirus, Pogseptimavirus, Priunavirus, Shenzhenvirus and Sugarlandvirus) not classified at the subfamily level. The subfamily Markadamsvirinae currently includes two genera: Epseptimavirus and Tequintavirus.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • We performed genomic analysis of newly isolated Enterobacter phage KKP_3711. Genome and protein analyses suggest that this bacteriophage belongs to the subfamily Markadamsvirinae. Still, the differences are too great to assign it to one of the two genera within this subfamily. Therefore, we propose to create a new genus, Kononvirus, including a single species, Kononvirus KKP3711.

  • Justification

  • Based on DNA and protein similarity, this is a cohesive genus.

  • Submitted: 16 June 24

Table 41. Markadamsvirinae, 2 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Genus Kononvirus
New taxon Species Kononvirus KKP3711 Enterobacter siphophage KKP_3711 PP579741
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.022B.Markadamsvirinae_1ng_1ns.zip.

2024.023B.Mcshanvirinae_1nsf_3ng_25ns

Title: To create a new subfamily, Mcshanvirinae, for Streptococcus prophages (class: Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Tolstoy I, Moraru C, Kropinski AM (Phage.Canada@gmail.com)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • The viruses classified in this proposal do not have a current taxonomic assignment.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • We propose a new subfamily, named in honour of Professor W. Michael McShan, of Streptococcus temperate siphoviruses containing three newly established genera: Adrianbuildvirus, Medawarvirus and Phadecavirus.

  • Justification

  • The proposed taxa conform to the demarcation criteria employed by the ICTV Bacterial Viruses Subcommittee.

  • Submitted: 06 May 2024

Table 42. Mcshanvirinae, 29 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Subfamily Mcshanvirinae
New taxon Genus Adrianbuildvirus
New taxon Species Adrianbuildvirus SpSL1 Streptococcus phage SpSL1 KM882824
New taxon Species Adrianbuildvirus IPP5 Streptococcus phage IPP5 KY065449
New taxon Species Adrianbuildvirus IPP44 Streptococcus phage IPP44 KY065484
New taxon Species Adrianbuildvirus IPP42 Streptococcus phage IPP42 KY065482
New taxon Species Adrianbuildvirus IPP51 Streptococcus phage IPP51 KY065489
New taxon Species Adrianbuildvirus ARI0923 Streptococcus phage phiARI0923 KT337370
New taxon Species Adrianbuildvirus IPP41 Streptococcus phage IPP41 KY065481
New taxon Species Adrianbuildvirus IPP43 Streptococcus phage IPP43 KY065483
New taxon Genus Medawarvirus
New taxon Species Medawarvirus IPP12 Streptococcus phage IPP12 KY065454
New taxon Species Medawarvirus IPP22 Streptococcus phage IPP22 KY065463
New taxon Species Medawarvirus IPP18 Streptococcus phage IPP18 KY065459
New taxon Species Medawarvirus IPP57 Streptococcus phage IPP57 KY065494
New taxon Species Medawarvirus IPP20 Streptococcus phage IPP20 KY065461
New taxon Species Medawarvirus IPP21 Streptococcus phage IPP21 KY065462
New taxon Species Medawarvirus IPP30 Streptococcus phage IPP30 KY065471
New taxon Species Medawarvirus IPP11 Streptococcus phage IPP11 KY065453
New taxon Species Medawarvirus IPP29 Streptococcus phage IPP29 KY065470
New taxon Species Medawarvirus IPP19 Streptococcus phage IPP19 KY065460
New taxon Species Medawarvirus ARI01312 Streptococcus phage phiARI0131-2 KT337342
New taxon Species Medawarvirus IPP63 Streptococcus phage IPP63 KY065499
New taxon Species Medawarvirus IPP17 Streptococcus phage IPP17 KY065458
New taxon species Medawarvirus IPP28 Streptococcus phage IPP28 KY065469
New taxon Genus Phadecavirus
New taxon Species Phadecavirus PH10 Streptococcus phage PH10 FN391954
New taxon Species Phadecavirus pv23TH Streptococcus phage 23TH MT900487
New taxon Species Phadecavirus olisA1 Streptococcus phage OlisA1 OL774868
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.023B.Mcshanvirinae_1nsf_3ng_25ns.zip.

2024.024B.Mtkvariviridae_1nf_1msf_10ns

Title: Create a new family, Mtkvariviridae, for PhiEco32-like phages (class: Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (Phage.Canada@gmail.com)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • The genera Kuravirus, Nieuwekanaalvirus and Suseptimavirus are currently classified within the subfamily Gordonclarkvirinae, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • Create eight new species in the genus Kuravirus.

  • Create two new species in the genus Suseptimavirus.

  • Create a new family, Mtkvariviridae.

  • Justification

  • Species classified to the genera Kuravirus, Nieuwekanaalvirus and Suseptimavirus within the subfamily Gordonclarkvirinae share 12 core proteins and form a deep branching clade in ViPTree tBLASTx distance analysis.

  • Submitted: 06 May 24; Revised: 30 September 24

Table 43. Mtkvariviridae, 11 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Family Mtkvariviridae
New taxon Species Kuravirus myPSH1131 Escherichia phage myPSH1131 MG983840
New taxon Species Kuravirus myPSH2311 Escherichia phage myPSH2311 MG976803
New taxon Species Kuravirus XT18 Escherichia phage vB-EcoP-XT18 OR757434
New taxon Species Kuravirus LAMP Escherichia phage LAMP MG673519
New taxon Species Kuravirus SDYTW1F1223 Escherichia phage SDYTW1-F1-2-2_3 OR296290
New taxon Species Kuravirus pECN12032Af1 Escherichia phage pEC-N1203-2Af.1 OQ540978
New taxon Species Kuravirus YF01 Escherichia phage vB_EcoP_YF01 OQ025076
New taxon Species Kuravirus SR02 Escherichia phage SR02 OQ870566
New taxon Species Suseptimavirus PAS59 Escherichia phage vB_EcoP_PAS59 OQ921332
New taxon Species Suseptimavirus sv4E8 Escherichia phage 4E8 OQ689734
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Table 44. Mtkvariviridae, 1 move taxon*

Operation Rank Taxon name New parent taxon Old parent taxon
Move taxon Subfamily Gordonclarkvirinae Mtkvariviridae Caudoviricetes
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.024B.Mtkvariviridae_1nf_1msf_10ns.zip.

2024.025B.Obscuriviridae_1nf_2ng_3ns

Title: Create a new family, Obscuriviridae

Authors: Bartlau N (nina.bartlau@univie.ac.at), Moraru C, Wichels A, Holmfeldt K, Amann RI

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • New, unassigned family.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • The viruses described in this proposal do not have a current taxonomic assignment.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • A new family, Obscuriviridae, is proposed, including two new genera, Omtjevirus and Cebaduodecimvirus.

  • Justification

  • The Obscuriviridae family was delineated with two genera. The genus Omtjevirus has Omtjevirus Omtje as a species and the genus Cebaduodecimvirus has Cebaduodecimvirus phi12duo and Cebaduodecimvirus phi12auna as species. The proposed taxonomic assignments are based on six different methods including nucleotide-, protein-, amino acid- and core protein-based analysis.

  • Submitted: 21 June 24; Revised: 30 September 24

Table 45. Obscuriviridae, 6 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Family Obscuriviridae
New taxon Genus Omtjevirus
New taxon Species Omtjevirus Omtje Cellulophaga phage Omtje_1 MT732445
New taxon Genus Cebaduodecimvirus
New taxon Species Cebaduodecimvirus phi12duo Cellulophaga phage phi12 : 2 KC821606
New taxon Species Cebaduodecimvirus phi12auna Cellulophaga phage phi12a:1 KC821623
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.025B.Obscuriviridae_1nf_2ng_3ns.zip.

2024.026B.Pantevenvirales_1no_3mf

Title: Create one new order Pantevenvirales (Duplodnaviria)

Authors: Adriaenssens EM (Evelien.adriaenssens@quadram.ac.uk), Cook R, Millard AD, Turner D

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm: Duplodnaviria; kingdom: Heunggongvirae; phylum: Uroviricota; class: Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • The families Straboviridae, Kyanoviridae and Ackermannviridae are unassigned at the order rank within the class Caudoviricetes.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • The order Pantevenvirales is created for these families.

  • Justification

  • The families Straboviridae, Kyanoviridae and Ackermannviridae form a monophyletic cluster in proteome-based analyses. Members of these families share a number of core orthologous genes.

  • Submitted: 21 June 24

Table 46. Pantevenvirales, 3 move taxa*

Operation Rank Taxon name New parent taxon Old parent taxon
Move taxon Family Straboviridae Pantevenvirales Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Family Kyanoviridae Pantevenvirales Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Family Ackermannviridae Pantevenvirales Caudoviricetes
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Table 47. Pantevenvirales, 1 new taxon*

Operation Rank New taxon name
New taxon Order Pantevenvirales
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.026B.Pantevenvirales_1no_3mf.zip.

2024.028B.Philemonvirus_1ns

Title: To create one new species in the genus Bifilivirus, family Paulinoviridae

Authors: Deptula P (deptula@food.ku.dk), Sha Y, Potipimpanon S, Vogensen FK, Nielsen DS, Knezevic P

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • This is a proposal for creating a new species within the genus Bifilivirus.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • The genus Bifilivirus currently includes one species.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • Addition of a new species Bifilivirus philemonii.

  • Justification

  • Filamentous phage Philemon was isolated from raw milk Emmental cheese on a dairy-associated strain of Propionibacterium freudenreichii PB4. The obtained TEM confirmed filamentous morphology. Philemon forms plaques on three P. freudenreichii strains in our collection, including the strain TL18, which was used for characterization of phage B5 (though no plaquing was reported for phage B5) [12]. The phage genome was sequenced with the Illumina platform after the formation of the complementary strand with the MDA technique. The genome is 5802 nucleotides, with 63 G+C %mol. Comparison with the only other representative of genus Bifilivirus, Propionibacterium virus B5 (AF428260), revealed that the genome of Philemon is 92.8% identical to the genome of the Propionibacterium virus B5, thus fulfilling the criteria for the creation of a separate species. The similarity of morphogenesis protein and CoaB confirms that Philemon belongs to the genus Bifilivirus. We propose the name of the species – Bifivilus philemonii.

  • Submitted: 23 April 24

Table 48. Philemonvirus, 1 new taxon*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Species Bifilivirus philemonii Propionibacterium phage Philemon PP693361
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.028B.Philemonvirus_1ns.zip.

2024.029B.Rhodococcus_siphoviruses_7ng_7ns

Title: Create seven new genera for Rhodococcus siphoviruses (class: Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Kurtböke I, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (Phage.Canada@gmail.com)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • The viruses classified in this proposal do not have a current taxonomic assignment.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • We propose the creation of seven new taxa for unique Rhodococcus siphoviruses: Edwardsroadvirus, Wodongavirus, Reqipinevirus, Melbournevirus, Trogglehumpervirus, Mboduovirus, Reynauldvirus.

  • Justification

  • The taxa proposed conform to demarcation criteria specified by the ICTV Bacterial Viruses Subcommittee.

  • Submitted: 09 May 2024

Table 49. Rhodococcus siphoviruses, 14 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Genus Edwardsroadvirus
New taxon Species Edwardsroadvirus RRH1 Rhodococcus phage RRH1 JN116822
New taxon Genus Wodongavirus
New taxon Species Wodongavirus REQ3 Rhodococcus phage REQ3 JN116824
New taxon Genus Reqipinevirus
New taxon Species Reqipinevirus reqipine5 Rhodococcus phage ReqiPine5 GU580943
New taxon Genus Melbournevirus
New taxon Species Melbournevirus REQ2 Rhodococcus phage REQ2 JN116823
New taxon Genus Trogglehumpervirus
New taxon Species Trogglehumpervirus trogglehumper Rhodococcus phage Trogglehumper OQ709222
New taxon Genus Mboduovirus
New taxon Species Mboduovirus mbo2 Rhodococcus phage Mbo2 ON191531
New taxon Genus Reynauldvirus
New taxon Species Reynauldvirus reynauld Rhodococcus phage Reynauld OR159659
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.029B.Rhodococcus_siphoviruses_7ng_7ns.zip.

2024.030B.Trautnerviridae_1nf_1nsf_3ng_6ns

Title: Create a new family, Trautnerviridae, subfamily Polsinellivirinae and two genera (Rivavirus, and Splendidredvirus, class Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Cook R, Tavares P, Lurz R, Barylski J, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (Phage.Canada@gmail.com)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • The viruses classified in this proposal do not have a current taxonomic assignment.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • To create a new genus, Rivavirus, with three species.

  • To create a new genus, Splendidredvirus, with two species.

  • To create a new subfamily, Polsinellivirinae, with these two genera (Rivavirus and Splendidredvirus).

  • To create a new single-species genus, Prospektnaukivirus.

  • To create a new family, Trautnerviridae, for these taxa.

  • Justification

  • Bacillus phage SPP1 was isolated in 1966; sequenced in 1997 (corrected in 2018); and has been the subject of numerous morphological and physiological studies; yet has remained unclassified. In this proposal, it has been assigned to a new genus, Rivavirus, together with Bacillus phage vB_BspS_SplendidRed (assigned to the new genus Splendidredvirus), to form a new subfamily, Polsinellivirinae. The members of this taxon are siphoviruses which have genomes of 42.8–46.3 kb (43.7–44.6 mol% G+C) and encode 74–77 proteins and no tRNAs. As a result of detailed genomic, proteomic and phylogenetic analyses using VIRIDIC, ViPTree and VirClust, we further propose to create a new family for these genera named Trautnerviridae named in honour of Thomas A. Trautner.

  • Submitted: 25 May 24; Revised: 30 September 24

Table 50. Trautnerviridae, 11 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Family Trautnerviridae
New taxon Subfamily Polsinellivirinae
New taxon Genus Rivavirus
New taxon Species Rivavirus SPP1 Bacillus phage SPP1 X97918
New taxon Species Rivavirus rv000TH010 Bacillus phage 000TH010 MN176219
New taxon Species Rivavirus rv049ML001 Bacillus phage 049 ml001 MN176227
New taxon Genus Splendidredvirus
New taxon Species Splendidredvirus splendidred Bacillus phage vB_BspS_SplendidRed MN013088
New taxon Species Splendidredvirus ray17 Bacillus phage Ray17 MH752385
New taxon Genus Prospektnaukivirus
New taxon Species Prospektnaukivirus sam112 Bacillus phage vB_BcM_Sam112 MN604230
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.030B.Trautnerviridae_1nf_1nsf_3ng_6ns.zip.

2024.031B.Sarkviridae_1nf_1msf_2mg

Title: Create a new family, Sarkviridae for the Jersey-like siphophages (class: Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (Phage.Canada@gmail.com)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • The genera Jerseyvirus, Cornellvirus and Kagunavirus in the subfamily Guernseyvirinae and among the Serratia phages the genera Seretavirus and Otakuvirus.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • To create a new family Sarkviridae.

  • Justification

  • Genomic, proteomic and phylogenetic data indicate that this group of phages is a family. In addition, Taxonomy Proposal 2023.068B.Caudoviricetes_Serratia_3ng suggested a higher level relationship between the taxa Otakuvirus and Guernseyvirinae.

  • Submitted: 04 June 24; Revised: 30 September 24

Table 51. Sarkviridae, 3 move taxa*

Operation Rank Taxon name New parent taxon Old parent taxon
Move taxon Subfamily Guernseyvirinae Sarkviridae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Seretavirus Sarkviridae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Otakuvirus Sarkviridae Caudoviricetes
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Table 52. Sarkviridae, 1 new taxon*

Operation Rank New taxon name
New taxon Family Sarkviridae
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.031B.Sarkviridae_1nf_1msf_2mg.zip.

2024.032B.Sepahanvirus_1ng_2ns

Title: Create a new genus, Sepahanvirus, containing two species (Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Ganjoor MS, Bouzari M (bouzari@sci.ui.ac.ir), Soleimani-Delfan A

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Genus.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • These phages are currently unclassified.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • To create a new genus, Sepahanvirus, within the class Caudoviricetes comprising two species, for Yersinia phage vB_Yru_GN1 and Yersinia phage YerA41.

  • Justification

  • Yersinia phage vB_Yru_GN1 and Yersinia phage YerA41 exhibit nucleotide sequence similarity that falls within the demarcation threshold for the creation of a new genus.

  • Submitted: 09 December 23

Table 53. Sepahanvirus, 3 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Genus Sepahanvirus
New taxon Species Sepahanvirus GN1 Yersinia phage vB_Yru_GN1 LC779065
New taxon Species Sepahanvirus yerA41 Yersinia phage YerA41 MW570730
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.032B.Sepahanvirus_1ng_2ns.zip.

2024.033B.Mazoviaviridae_1nf_1ng_1ns

Title: Create a new family, Mazoviaviridae, and a new genus, Dabrowskivirus, with a single species (class Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Shymialevich D, Wójcicki M (michal.wojcicki@hirszfeld.pl), Sokołowska B

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Proposal to create a new family, Mazoviaviridae, and a new genus, Dabrowskivirus, with a single species (class Caudoviricetes).

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • In 2022, significant changes to the taxonomy of bacterial viruses were introduced: the paraphyletic morphological families Podoviridae, Siphoviridae and Myoviridae as well as the order Caudovirales were abolished, which is replaced by the class Caudoviricetes to group all tailed bacterial and archaeal viruses with icosahedral capsids and a double-stranded DNA genome. Moreover, a binomial system of nomenclature for species was established. Based on the morphology and the comparative analysis of its predicted proteins, Alicyclobacillus myophage vB_Aac_IAFB_3916 was assigned to viruses with complex structures (class Caudoviricetes).

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • Analyses of the phylogenetic relationship of Alicyclobacillus myophage vB_Aac_IAFB_3916 were unable to provide an unambiguous assignment to a specific family and genus. The weak similarity with other phage genomes deposited in the databases suggests that the isolated bacteriophage may be a representative of a new genus and new family of tailed bacteriophages.

  • Justification

  • The genome of newly isolated Alicyclobacillus myophage vB_Aac_IAFB_3916 possesses no DNA homologues. At the protein level, this virus is unique. Therefore, we propose the creation of a new species (Dabrowskivirus KKP3916), genus (Dabrowskivirus) and family (Mazoviaviridae) for viruses of this type.

  • Submitted: 09 June 24; Revised: 09 October 24

Table 54. Mazoviaviridae, 3 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Family Mazoviaviridae
New taxon Genus Dabrowskivirus
New taxon Species Dabrowskivirus KKP3916 Alicyclobacillus myophage vB_Aac_IAFB_3916 OQ846916
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.033B.Mazoviaviridae_1nf_1ng_1ns.zip.

2024.034B.Stackebrandtviridae_1nf_2nsf_8mg_8ns

Title: Create a new family, Stackebrandtviridae, for a group of Gordonia phages (class: Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Kurtböke I, Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (Phage.Canada@gmail.com)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • At present, the following taxa exist as floating genera in the class Caudoviricetes; Wizardvirus, Clownvirus, Vividuovirus, Dexdertvirus, Zitchvirus, Kroosvirus and Leonardvirus.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • To create one new species in the genus Wizardvirus.

  • To create a new subfamily, Frickvirinae with two genera (Clownvirus and Wizardvirus).

  • To add one new species to the genus Vividuovirus.

  • To add one new species to the genus Dexdertvirus.

  • To add four new species to the genus Zitchvirus.

  • To add one new species to the genus Leonardvirus.

  • To create a new subfamily, Schenleyvirinae, for the above four genera and Kroosvirus.

  • To create a new family, Stackebrandtviridae, for the above-mentioned taxa.

  • Justification

  • Members of the Actinobacteriophage Database Cluster DC (https://phagesdb.org/clusters/DC/) are temperate Gordonia phages for which we have created two genera. The related lytic viruses of Cluster DE (https://phagesdb.org/clusters/DE/) have previously been placed in five genera.

  • Submitted: 15 June 24; Revised: 30 September 24

Table 55. Stackebrandtviridae, 11 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Family Stackebrandtviridae
New taxon Subfamily Frickvirinae
New taxon Species Wizardvirus halo3 Gordonia phage Halo3 OR521081
New taxon Subfamily Schenleyvirinae
New taxon Species Vividuovirus sitar Gordonia phage Sitar MH153809
New taxon Species Dexdertvirus kwekel Gordonia phage Kwekel OR521074
New taxon Species Zitchvirus tardus Gordonia phage Tardus ON392159
New taxon Species Zitchvirus viaconlectus Gordonia phage ViaConlectus OP068342
New taxon Species Zitchvirus sampson Gordonia phage Sampson ON456337
New taxon Species Zitchvirus apunk Gordonia phage APunk ON755186
New taxon Species Leonardvirus phauci Gordonia phage Phauci ON456349
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Table 56. Stackebrandtviridae, 8 move taxa*

Operation Rank Taxon name New parent taxon Old parent taxon
Move taxon Genus Clownvirus Frickvirinae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Wizardvirus Stackebrandtviridae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Kroosvirus Schenleyvirinae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Vividuovirus Schenleyvirinae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Dexdertvirus Schenleyvirinae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Zitchvirus Schenleyvirinae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Leonardvirus Schenleyvirinae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Lilbeanievirus Stackebrandtviridae Caudoviricetes
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.034B.Stackebrandtviridae_1nf_2nsf_8mg_8ns.zip.

2024.036B.Caudoviricetes_Faserviricetes_Name_Corrections

Title: Corrections to species names in the classes Caudoviricetes and Faserviricetes

Authors: Turner D (dann2.turner@uwe.ac.uk)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Genera and species in realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • All of these species are currently classified within the latest release of the ICTV taxonomy.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • Rename species to conform to the binomial species epithet.

  • Correct spelling errors.

  • Create genus to contain a floating species in the subfamily Tevenvirinae.

  • Change to genus name and constituent species in the genus Roskildevirus as ‘Roskilde virus’ refers to Norovirus in Danish.

  • Correction of misspelt genus names in binomial species epithets.

  • Move two species that were incorrectly classified within the genus Tequatrovirus.

  • Abolish species Campylobacter virus IBB35.

  • Justification

  • To ensure that the naming of viruses is consistent with the guidelines for binomial species names, to remove any names that could cause confusion in native languages and to remove any genome records that do not represent coding complete sequences.

  • Submitted: 19 June 24; Revised: 30 September 24

Table 57. Caudoviricetes, 96 rename taxa*. Table too large, see supplementary information sheet supp_info_tab_57

Table 58. Caudoviricetes, 3 move; rename taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Old parent taxon New parent taxon Old taxon name
Move; rename taxon Species Centumtrigintavirus cv133 Tevenvirinae Centumtrigintavirus Acinetobacter virus 133
Move; rename taxon Species Mosigvirus jaykay Tequatrovirus Mosigvirus Tequatrovirus jaykay
Move; rename taxon Species Mosigvirus efftwo Tequatrovirus Mosigvirus Tequatrovirus efftwo
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Table 59. Caudoviricetes, 1 abolish taxon*

Operation Rank Abolished taxon name
Abolish taxon Species Campylobacter virus IBB35
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Table 60. Caudoviricetes, 1 new taxon*

Operation Rank New taxon name
New taxon Genus Centumtrigintavirus
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.036B.Caudoviricetes_Faserviricetes_Name_Corrections.zip.

2024.037B.Vandenendeviridae_1nf_2msf_8ng_1mg_11ns

Title: Create a new family, Vandenendeviridae, for a group of lytic Pseudomonas phages (class: Caudoviricetes)

Authors: Moraru C, Tolstoy I, Kropinski AM (Phage.Canada@gmail.com)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • Five genera are currently classified; Baldwinvirus, Nankokuvirus, Otagovirus, Flaumdravirus and Pakpunavirus.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • To create seven new single-species genera: Weillhallvirus, Omahavirus, Torinovirus, Yunamivirus, Ventosusvirus, Uavernvirus and Chemalvirus.

  • To create a new genus, Tartuvirus, with four species.

  • To create two new species in the genus Kremarvirus.

  • To create a new family, Vandenendeviridae, for these genera and Baldwinvirus, Kremarvirus, Nankokuvirus, Otagovirus, Flaumdravirus, Pakpunavirus and Shenlongvirus.

  • Justification

  • Using VIRIDIC, ViPTree, VIRCLUST and vConTACT v.3.0, we have established that this is a cohesive group of lytic Pseudomonas myoviruses which share ≥12.2% DNA sequence similarity and 15 core proteins. The new family is named in honour of Marius van de Ende of South Africa.

  • Submitted: 25 May 24; Revised: 30 September 24

Table 61. Vandenendeviridae, 20 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Family Vandenendeviridae
New taxon Genus Weillhallvirus
New taxon Species Weillhallvirus wv16Q Pseudomonas phage 16Q OR001909
New taxon Genus Omahavirus
New taxon Species Omahavirus UNOG1W1 Pseudomonas phage UNO-G1W1 PP551948
New taxon Genus Torinovirus
New taxon Species Torinovirus K7A1 Pseudomonas phage phiK7A1 MT740307
New taxon Genus Yunamivirus
New taxon Species Yunamivirus Y1MI Pseudomonas phage vB_PF_Y1-MI OR500437
New taxon Genus Ventosusvirus
New taxon Species Ventosusvirus ventosus Pseudomonas phage ventosus MG018930
New taxon Genus Uavernvirus
New taxon Species Uavernvirus uavern Pseudomonas phage UAVern MZ605293
New taxon Genus Tartuvirus
New taxon Species Tartuvirus amme3 Pseudomonas phage vB_PpuM-Amme-3 PP496413
New taxon Species Tartuvirus nopa Pseudomonas phage vB_PpuM-NoPa PP496415
New taxon Species Tartuvirus kopa4 Pseudomonas phage vB_PpuM-KoPa-4 PP496414
New taxon Species Tartuvirus roomu2 Pseudomonas phage vB_PpuM-Roomu-2 PP496417
New taxon Genus Chemalvirus
New taxon Species Chemalvirus PseuGes254 Pseudomonas phage PseuGes_254 OR575930
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Table 62. Vandenendeviridae, 3 move taxa*

Operation Rank Taxon name New parent taxon Old parent taxon
Move taxon Subfamily Skurskavirinae Vandenendeviridae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Subfamily Gorskivirinae Vandenendeviridae Caudoviricetes
Move taxon Genus Nankokuvirus Vandenendeviridae Caudoviricetes
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.037B.Vandenendeviridae_1nf_2msf_8ng_1mg_11ns.zip.

2024.038B.Vinavirales_3nf_1mf_7ng_5ns_3ms

Title: Create three new families Mestraviridae, Asemoviridae and Parnassusviridae, and move the family Autolykiviridae into the order Vinavirales (Tectiliviricetes, Preplasmiviricota, Bamfordvirae, Varidnaviria)

Authors: Bardy P, Fogg PCM, Kalatzis PG, Middelboe M, Oksanen HM (hanna.oksanen@helsinki.fi)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • The taxonomic ranks affected are the genus Corticovirus in the family Corticoviridae, the order Vinavirales and the family Autolykiviridae. In addition, some species are affected.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • Currently, the order Vinavirales includes one family Corticoviridae with one genus Corticovirus (two species). The family Autolykiviridae belongs to the class Tectiliviricetes but is not assigned to any order. The family Autolykiviridae includes two genera Livvievirus (two species) and Paulavirus (three species). The realm Varidnaviria to which these taxa are classified has been reorganized in proposal 2024.010D.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • The genus Corticovirus (family Corticoviridae) is renamed as the genus Merivirus and its two species are renamed accordingly. The Vinavirales order is rearranged so that the family Autolykiviridae is placed in the order along with the family Corticoviridae. Two new genera, Oliviavirus and Ameliavirus, are created in the family Autolykiviridae, each with a single species, Oliviavirus viph1020o and Ameliavirus viph1008o, respectively. The genus of the virus species Paulavirus viph1044o is moved from Livvievirus to Paulavirus (family Autolykiviridae). In addition, three new families Mestraviridae, Asemoviridae and Parnassusviridae are created in the order Vinavirales. Two new genera, Anticleavirus and Polymedevirus, are created in the family Mestraviridae. One new species is created in each of two genera: Anticleavirus jorvik and Polymedevirus YY. Two new genera, Elsinorevirus and Rumoivirus, are created in the family Asemoviridae. One new species is created in each of two genera: Elsinorevirus NO16 and Rumoivirus VruC. One new species Corycianvirus MfV is created in a new genus Corycianvirus in the family Parnassusviridae.

  • Justification

  • The inclusion/creation of four families in the order Vinavirales, together with the family Corticoviridae, is based on the nine signature genes shared by their members, which corresponds to approximately 50% of their genome. This demonstrates their common evolutionary origin. Classification of Paulavirus viph1044o into the genus Livvievirus instead of Paulavirus was a mistake. To make the names of the family Corticoviridae and the genus Corticovirus based on a different word stem, the genus Corticovirus is renamed Merivirus.

  • Submitted: 20 June 24; Revised: 30 September 24

Table 63. Vinavirales, 15 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Genus Oliviavirus
New taxon Genus Ameliavirus
New taxon Family Mestraviridae
New taxon Genus Anticleavirus
New taxon Species Anticleavirus jorvik Rhodobacter phage Jorvik OP588643
New taxon Genus Polymedevirus
New taxon Species Polymedevirus YY Marinomonas phage YY MH105080
New taxon Family Asemoviridae
New taxon Genus Elsinorevirus
New taxon Species Elsinorevirus NO16 Vibrio phage fNo16 MH730557
New taxon Genus Rumoivirus
New taxon Species Rumoivirus VruC Vibrio phage vB_VruC_PG21 OM867525
New taxon Family Parnassusviridae
New taxon Genus Corycianvirus
New taxon Species Corycianvirus MfV Marinomonas phage MfV MW618650
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Table 64. Vinavirales, 2 move taxa and 2 move rename taxa*

Operation Rank Taxon name New parent taxon Old parent taxon Old taxon name
Move taxon Family Autolykiviridae Vinavirales Tectiliviricetes
Move taxon Species Paulavirus viph1044o Paulavirus Livvievirus
Move; rename taxon Species Oliviavirus viph1020o Oliviavirus Paulavirus Paulavirus viph1020o
Move; rename taxon Species Ameliavirus viph1008o Ameliavirus Paulavirus Paulavirus viph1008o
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Table 65. Vinavirales, 3 rename taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Previous taxon name
Rename taxon Genus Merivirus Corticovirus
Rename taxon Species Merivirus Cr39582 Corticovirus Cr39582
Rename taxon Species Merivirus PM2 Corticovirus PM2
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.038B.Vinavirales_3nf_1mf_7ng_5ns_3ms.zip.

2024.039B.Artimaviricota_np

Title: Create new phylum, Artimaviricota in the kingdom Orthornavirae (realm Riboviria) for classification of a hyperthermophilic RNA virus

Authors: Syun-ichi Urayama (urayama.shunichi.gn@u.tsukuba.ac.jp), Akihito Fukudome, Eugene V. Koonin, Takuro Nunoura, Mart Krupovic (mart.krupovic@pasteur.fr)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Riboviria, Orthornavirae.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • Realm Riboviria includes two kingdoms, Orthornavirae and Pararnavirae, which include highly diverse viruses that encode RNA-directed RNA polymerases (RdRP) and reverse transcriptases (RT), respectively. Kingdom Orthornavirae includes six phyla which were established based on phylogenetic analysis of the RdRP and comparative analysis of the viral genomes and proteins.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • We propose to create a new phylum in the kingdom Orthornavirae for classification of a group of RNA viruses discovered in hot springs that are characterized by unusual RdRPs.

  • Justification

  • The RdRPs of hot spring RNA virus 1 and its relatives seem to deviate from the RdRP consensus farther than any of the other recently discovered putative phyla, with none of which they appear to be affiliated, and possess unusual structural features that appear to link them to viral RTs.

  • Submitted: 21 June 2024

Table 66. Artimaviricota, 6 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Phylum Artimaviricota
New taxon Class Furtirnaviricetes
New taxon Order Divaquavirales
New taxon Family Hakuzoviridae
New taxon Genus Atsuirnavirus
New taxon Species Atsuirnavirus caloris hot spring RNA virus 1 RNA1: BTCN01000001; RNA2: BTCN01000005
Open in a new tab

*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.039B.Artimaviricota_np.zip.

2024.040B.Sharonstreetvirus_1ns

Title: Create a new species Sharonstreetvirus xiamensis (Caudoviricetes)

Author: Liu H-T (15844493757@163.com)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Species.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • Not currently classified.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • Create a new species Sharonstreetvirus xiamensis for phage phiA034 (OP792756) isolated from aquaculture water in Xiamen.

  • Justification

  • ViPTree analysis classifies phiA034 as a new species the genus Sharonstreetvirus.

  • Submitted: 25 April 24

Table 67. Sharonstreetvirus, 1 new taxon*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Species Sharonstreetvirus xiamensis Aeromonas phage phiA034 OP792756
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.040B.Sharonstreetvirus_1ns.zip.

2024.041B.Camvirus_2ns

Title: Create two new species – Camvirus vanseggelen and Camvirus verabelle (subfamily Arquatrovirinae, class Caudoviricetes).

Authors: Kempff A (annabelkempff@gmail.com), van Neer V (vanneervera@gmail.com), Ongenae V (v.m.a.ongenae@biology.leidenuniv.nl), Rozen DE, Briegel A, Claessen D

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • The genus Camvirus is classified within the subfamily Arquatrovirinae, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • Create two new species in the genus Camvirus.

  • Justification

  • We have defined two new species, Camvirus vanseggelen and Camvirus verabelle, based upon phages isolated for host Streptomyces coelicolor from soil samples in the Netherlands at longitude N52°23′31″ and latitude E4°34′49″. Camvirus vanseggelen contains a linear dsDNA genome of 50 426 bp (65.5% G+C) encoding 73 proteins. Camvirus verabelle contains a linear dsDNA genome of 49 832 bp (65.0% G+C) encoding 73 proteins. These new species can be included in the genus Camvirus together with Streptomyces phage Alsaber, Streptomyces phage Amela, Streptomyces phage phiCAM, Streptomyces phage Endor1, Streptomyces phage Endor2, Streptomyces phage Joe, Streptomyces phage Saftant and Streptomyces phage Sitrop.

  • Submitted: 02 April 24

Table 68. Camvirus, 2 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Species Camvirus vanseggelen Streptomyces phage Vanseggelen OQ970438
New taxon Species Camvirus verabelle Streptomyces phage Verabelle OQ970439
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.041B.Camvirus_2ns.zip.

2024.042B.Lacfervirus_1ng_1ns

Title: Create one new genus, Lacfervirus, in the class Caudoviricetes

Authors: Qiannan Wen, Xia Chen (chenxia8280@163.com)

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm Duplodnaviria, kingdom Heunggongvirae, phylum Uroviricota, class Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • The virus classified in this proposal does not have a current taxonomic assignment.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • We propose a new genus, Lacfervirus, including a single species for the virus Lactobacillus phage LFP01 in the class Caudoviricetes.

  • Justification

  • The genome of Lactobacillus phage LFP01 has very low homology to all other bacteriophage sequences in the GenBank database. A complete genome sequence comparison using the BLASTn method revealed that the genome of Lactobacillus phage LFP01 had a maximum nucleotide identity of 92.83 and 55% coverage with Lactobacillus phage LF1. The low homology indicated that the newly sequenced bacteriophage likely represents a new genus with a single species.

  • Submitted: 05 June 23

Table 69. Lacfervirus, 2 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Genus Lacfervirus
New taxon Species Lacfervirus LFP01 Lactobacillus virus LFP01 OR048821
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.042B.Lacfervirus_1ng_1ns.zip.

2024.043B.Cystoviridae_6ng_2nsp_1rng_7rnsp

Title: Rename and split an existing genus of the family Cystoviridae (Vidaverviricetes: Mindivirales), rename seven virus species, create two new species and genera

Authors: Poranen MM (minna.poranen@helsinki.fi), Mäntynen S

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • The proposal affects species and genus ranks under the family Cystoviridae.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • The family Cystoviridae currently includes one genus Cystovirus and seven species, Cystovirus phi6, Cystovirus phi8, Cystovirus phi12, Cystovirus phi13, Cystovirus phi2954, Cystovirus phiNN and Cystovirus phiYY. Cystoviridae is the only family of the order Mindivirales and the class Vidaverviricetes that belongs to the phylum Duplornaviricota (Orthornavirae, Riboviria). The other classes in this phylum are Resentoviricetes and Chrymotiviricetes.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • We propose a new name for the genus Cystovirus and its splitting into five genera. Due to the introduction of the new genera, we propose the renaming of all the current species. In addition, we propose to create two new species and two additional new genera in the family Cystoviridae.

  • Justification

  • Seven new dsRNA bacteriophage isolates have been identified and are now proposed to be taxonomically classified to create two new species. Sequence comparisons of these viruses and previously classified dsRNA bacteriophages of the genus Cystovirus justify the splitting of the genus Cystovirus and the creation of seven genera in the family Cystoviridae. The genus Cystovirus is renamed to distinguish the name stems of genus and family rank.

  • Submitted: 21 June 24; Revised: 30 September 24

Table 70. Cystoviridae, 5 move; rename taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Old parent taxon New parent taxon Old taxon name
Move; rename taxon Species Alphacystovirus phi8 Cystovirus Alphacystovirus Cystovirus phi8
Move; rename taxon Species Betacystovirus phi12 Cystovirus Betacystovirus Cystovirus phi12
Move; rename taxon Species Gammacystovirus phi13 Cystovirus Gammacystovirus Cystovirus phi13
Move; rename taxon Species Gammacystovirus phiYY Cystovirus Gammacystovirus Cystovirus phiYY
Move; rename taxon Species Deltacystovirus phi2954 Cystovirus Deltacystovirus Cystovirus phi2954
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Table 71. Cystoviridae, 4 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Genus Epsiloncystovirus
New taxon Species Epsiloncystovirus phiNY Microvirgula phage phiNY MW471133; MW471134; MW471135
New taxon Genus Zetacystovirus
New taxon Species Zetacystovirus CAP Acinetobacter phage CAP7 MZ558516; MZ558517; MZ558518
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Table 72. Cystoviridae, 3 rename taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Previous taxon name
Rename taxon Genus Orthocystovirus Cystovirus
Rename taxon Species Orthocystovirus phi6 Cystovirus phi6
Rename taxon Species Orthocystovirus phiNN Cystovirus phiNN
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Table 73. Cystoviridae, 1 split taxa, 4 new taxa*

Operation Rank Old taxon New taxon 1 New taxon 2 New taxon 3 New taxon 4
Split taxon Genus Cystovirus Alphacystovirus Betacystovirus Gammacystovirus Deltacystovirus
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.043B.Cystoviridae_6ng_2nsp_1rng_7rnsp.zip.

2024.044B.Felixviridae_1nf_1nsf_2ng_1mg_2ns

Title: Create one new family (Felixviridae), including one new subfamily (Maevirinae), three genera (two new: Nakavirus, Chronisvirus; one existent: Certevirus), including two new species (Nakavirus sapi and Chronisvirus chronis).

Authors: Nobrega F.L. (f.nobrega@soton.ac.uk), Rothschild-Rodriguez, D., Lambon, K.

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Duplodnaviria; Heunggongvirae; Uroviricota; Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • Unclassified Caudoviricetes.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • We propose a new family, Felixviridae, which includes the new subfamily, Maevirinae, and three genera: Nakavirus (new), Chronisvirus (new) and Certevirus (already existent). The Nakavirus and Chronisvirus genera include at least one newly proposed species each, Nakavirus sapi (for Klebsiella phage Roth C and Klebsiella phage Roth D), and Chronisvirus chronis (for Klebsiella phage vB_Kpn_Chronis), respectively.

  • Justification

  • Phages assigned to this new family have not been taxonomically characterised, with only one previously cultured Klebsiella phage relative, vB_Kpn_Chronis, and a Protoea phage, PdC23. We isolated 53 phages as part of the Klebsiella Phage Collection, two of which, RothC and RothD, could not be assigned to any existing viral families, leading us to propose a new family, Felixviridae. Additionally, we found representatives of this family to be present in metagenomes originating from human stool samples, a proxy for the human gut microbiota, and in metagenomic sequences within the Gut Phage Database. Genomic analyses suggest that the family Felixviridae includes at least one subfamily, Maevirinae, and three genera, Certevirus and two new genera Nakavirus and Chronisvirus. The Nakavirus genus includes species for Klebsiella phage Roth C and Klebsiella phage Roth D. High similarity between these viruses places them both in the proposed species Nakavirus sapi. The Chronisvirus genus includes the species Chronisvirus chronis for phage vB_Kpn_Chronis.

  • Submitted: 19 June 24; Revised: 27 June 24

Table 74. Felixviridae, 6 new taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Virus name Exemplar
New taxon Family Felixviridae
New taxon Subfamily Maevirinae
New taxon Genus Chronisvirus
New taxon Species Chronisvirus chronis vB_Kpn_Chronis MN013086
New taxon Genus Nakavirus
New taxon Species Nakavirus sapi Klebsiella phage RothC PP934563
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Table 75. Felixviridae, 1 move taxon*

Operation Rank Taxon name New parent taxon Old parent taxon
Move taxon Genus Certevirus Felixviridae Caudoviricetes
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.044B.Felixviridae_1nf_1nsf_2ng_1mg_2ns.zip.

2024.045B.Autographivirales

Title: Promoting the family Autographiviridae to create one new order, Autographivirales, with four new families, four new subfamilies, 93 new genera and 607 new species (Duplodnaviria, Caudoviricetes).

Authors: Turner D (dann2.Turner@uwe.ac.uk), Carrillo D, Lood C, Ely B, Lehman SM, Dutilh B, Kropinski AM, Lavigne R, Adriaenssens EM, Millard AD

Summary

  • Taxonomic rank(s) affected

  • Realm: Duplodnaviria; kingdom: Heunggongvirae; phylum: Uroviricota; class: Caudoviricetes.

  • Description of current taxonomy

  • The family Autographiviridae was established under taxonomic proposal 2019.103B.

  • Proposed taxonomic change(s)

  • We propose

  • The establishment of a new order, Autographivirales, containing four new families.

  • The creation of four new subfamilies.

  • The creation of 93 new genera.

  • The creation of 610 new species.

  • Abolition of 21 species.

  • Justification

  • The proposed order forms a single deep-branching clade in tBLASTx distance analysis, reflected in core gene maximum-likelihood phylogeny. The proposed families form monophyletic clusters in proteome-based analyses and each share a number of core orthologous genes.

  • Submitted: 21 June 24; Revised: 30 September 24

Table 76. Autographivirales, 708 new taxa*. Table too large, see supplementary information sheet supp_info_tab_76

Table 77. Autographivirales, 60 move taxa*. Table too large, see supplementary information sheet supp_info_tab_77

Table 78. Autographivirales, 21 abolish taxa*

Operation Rank Abolished taxon name
Abolish taxon Species Friunavirus SWHAb1
Abolish taxon Species Friunavirus SWHAb3
Abolish taxon Species Phikmvvirus NFS
Abolish taxon Species Phikmvvirus PT2
Abolish taxon Species Vectrevirus cee
Abolish taxon Species Maculvirus OWB
Abolish taxon Species Murciavirus CB5A
Abolish taxon Species Kaohsiungvirus AS51
Abolish taxon Species Cuernavacavirus RHEph09
Abolish taxon Species Atuphduovirus atuph03
Abolish taxon Species Przondovirus KpV766
Abolish taxon Species Teseptimavirus YpsPG
Abolish taxon Species Teseptimavirus YpPY
Abolish taxon Species Helsettvirus fPS53
Abolish taxon Species Teetrevirus T7M
Abolish taxon Species Berlinvirus Yepe2
Abolish taxon Species Berlinvirus Yepf
Abolish taxon Species Kayfunavirus EcpYZU01
Abolish taxon Species Pektosvirus PP81
Abolish taxon Species Ghunavirus Psa17
Abolish taxon Species Friunavirus AB3
Open in a new tab

Table 79. Autographivirales, 14 move; rename taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name New parent taxon Old taxon name
Move; rename taxon Species Rodentiumvirus LL11 Rodentiumvirus Vectrevirus LL11
Move; rename taxon Species Rodentiumvirus CrRp3 Rodentiumvirus Vectrevirus CrRp3
Move; rename taxon Species Nerthusvirus achelous Nerthusvirus Uliginvirus achelous
Move; rename taxon Species Nerthusvirus nerthus Nerthusvirus Uliginvirus nerthus
Move; rename taxon Species Nerthusvirus alpheus Nerthusvirus Uliginvirus alpheus
Move; rename taxon Species Njordvirus njord Njordvirus Uliginvirus njord
Move; rename taxon Species Ebriosvirus ebrios Ebriosvirus Teseptimavirus ebrios
Move; rename taxon Species Ebriosvirus IME15 Ebriosvirus Teseptimavirus IME15
Move; rename taxon Species Hennigervirus shl2 Hennigervirus Ghunavirus shl2
Move; rename taxon Species Hennigervirus PPPL1 Hennigervirus Ghunavirus PPPL1
Move; rename taxon Species Hennigervirus henninger Hennigervirus Ghunavirus henninger
Move; rename taxon Species Unosvirus UNOSLW1 Unosvirus Pifdecavirus UNOSLW1
Move; rename taxon Species Pfluvirus PFP1 Pfluvirus Pifdecavirus PFP1
Move; rename taxon Species Pfluvirus pv22PfluR64PP Pfluvirus Pifdecavirus pv22PfluR64PP
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Table 80. Autographivirales, 2 rename taxa*

Operation Rank New taxon name Previous taxon name
Rename taxon Species Ghunavirus gv17A Ghunavirus 17A
Rename taxon Species Warsawvirus wv3MF5 Warsawvirus 3MF5
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Table 81. Autographivirales, 1 promote taxon*

Operation New taxon name Old rank New rank
Promote taxon Autographivirales Family Order
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*Source/full text: https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.045B.Autographivirales.zip.

Supplementary material

Uncited Table S1. Andersonviridae, 100 new taxa*.
jgv-106-02111-s001.csv (8.5KB, csv)
DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.002111
Uncited Table S2. Ferrettivirinae, 42 new taxa*. supp_info_tab_25*Source / full text: <https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.013B.Ferrettivirinae_1nsf_3ng_38ns.zip>;
jgv-106-02111-s002.csv (3.5KB, csv)
DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.002111
Uncited Table S3. Caudoviricetes, 96 rename taxa*.
jgv-106-02111-s003.csv (7.5KB, csv)
DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.002111
Uncited Table S4. Autographivirales, 708 new taxa*.
jgv-106-02111-s004.csv (55.7KB, csv)
DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.002111
Uncited Table S5. Autographivirales, 60 move taxa*.
jgv-106-02111-s005.csv (3.5KB, csv)
DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.002111

Acknowledgements

This is a publication of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), a non-profit, volunteer committee of the Virology Division of the International Union of Microbiology Societies (IUMS). The ICTV does not represent or endorse the views and actions of governments or the institutions or organisations for which its co-authors work.

Abbreviations

ICTV

International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses

RdRP

RNA-directed RNA polymerase

Footnotes

Funding: This work was supported in part through Laulima Government Solutions, LLC prime contract with the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. J.H.K. performed this work as an employee of Tunnell Government Services, a subcontractor of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC, under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services or of the institutions and companies affiliated with the authors. Novo Nordisk Foundation grant NNF20OC0065096. C.P. received a fellowship from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO, 1S79422N). B.E.D. acknowledges the European Research Council (ERC) Consolidator grant 865694: DiversiPHI, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy – EXC 2051 – Project-ID 390713860 and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation in the context of an Alexander von Humboldt-Professorship founded by German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. H.M.O. was supported by the University of Helsinki and the Research Council of Finland by funding for FINStruct and Instruct Centre FI, part of Biocenter Finland and Instruct-ERIC and Horizon MSCA 101120407. M.A.C. was supported by The BBSRC (BB/M009513/1) through the London Interdisciplinary Doctoral ProgramProgramme. A.D. was supported by a research grant ‘P-PhanFARE (23046)’ from VILLUM FONDEN. R.C. and E.M.A. are funded through the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) grant Bacteriophages in Gut Health BB/W015706/1. H.V.P. and E.M.A. are funded through the Medical Research Council grant MR/W031205/1. E.M.A. was further funded by the BBSRC Institute Strategic Programme Food Microbiome and Health BB/X011054/1 and its constituent projects BBS/E/F/000PR13631 and BBS/E/F/000PR13633; and by the BBSRC Institute Strategic Programme Microbes and Food Safety BB/X011011/1 and its constituent projects BBS/E/F/000PR13634, BBS/E/F/000PR13635 and BBS/E/F/000PR13636. S.M. was supported by a research grant (240126) from the Emil Aaltonen Foundation. M.M.P. was supported by the Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation, Research Council of Finland (grant 331627) and Sigrid Jusélius Foundation (grant 240167). A.M. was supported by MRC grant ref. MR/T030062/1 CLIMB-BIG DATA. The work on Porphyromonas phages was supported by NIH NIDCR R03DE030987 (Kauffman), R01DE016937 (subaward to Kauffman) and T32DE023526 (Matrishin). This work was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U24AI162625.

Contributor Information

Dann Turner, Email: Dann2.Turner@uwe.ac.uk.

Cristina Moraru, Email: donald.smith.ictv@gmail.com.

ICTV Taxonomy Summary Consortium, Email: donald.smith.ictv@gmail.com.

ICTV Taxonomy Summary Consortium:

P. Alfenas-Zerbini, F.O. Aylward, J. Freitas-Astúa, R.C. Hendrickson, H.R. Hughes, J.H. Kuhn, E.J. Lefkowitz, M. Łobocka, R. Mayne, A.R. Mushegian, J. Penzes, A. Reyes Muñoz, D.L. Robertson, S. Roux, L. Rubino, S. Sabanadzovic, P. Simmonds, D.B. Smith, N. Suzuki, K. Van Doorslaer, A. Varsani, and F.M. Zerbini

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Associated Data

This section collects any data citations, data availability statements, or supplementary materials included in this article.

Supplementary Materials

Uncited Table S1. Andersonviridae, 100 new taxa*.
jgv-106-02111-s001.csv (8.5KB, csv)
DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.002111
Uncited Table S2. Ferrettivirinae, 42 new taxa*. supp_info_tab_25*Source / full text: <https://ictv.global/ictv/proposals/2024.013B.Ferrettivirinae_1nsf_3ng_38ns.zip>;
jgv-106-02111-s002.csv (3.5KB, csv)
DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.002111
Uncited Table S3. Caudoviricetes, 96 rename taxa*.
jgv-106-02111-s003.csv (7.5KB, csv)
DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.002111
Uncited Table S4. Autographivirales, 708 new taxa*.
jgv-106-02111-s004.csv (55.7KB, csv)
DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.002111
Uncited Table S5. Autographivirales, 60 move taxa*.
jgv-106-02111-s005.csv (3.5KB, csv)
DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.002111

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