Abstract
The relative importance of osteoporosis and risk of falling in causing hip fracture is not known. Femoral neck bone mass was measured in 708 elderly people, all of whom had fallen and injured a hip. Below 75 years of age there was a steep increase in relative risk of fracture with reduced bone mass, measured by Singh grade. Above that age the increase in risk was small, and neuromuscular responses which protect the skeleton against trauma may be more important than bone mass.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Aitken J. M. Relevance of osteoporosis in women with fracture of the femoral neck. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1984 Feb 25;288(6417):597–601. doi: 10.1136/bmj.288.6417.597. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bohr H., Schaadt O. Bone mineral content of femoral bone and the lumbar spine measured in women with fracture of the femoral neck by dual photon absorptiometry. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1983 Oct;(179):240–245. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cooper C., Barker D. J., Hall A. J. Evaluation of the Singh index and femoral calcar width as epidemiological methods for measuring bone mass in the femoral neck. Clin Radiol. 1986 Mar;37(2):123–125. doi: 10.1016/s0009-9260(86)80378-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cummings S. R. Are patients with hip fractures more osteoporotic? Review of the evidence. Am J Med. 1985 Mar;78(3):487–494. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(85)90343-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Evans R. A., Ashwell J. R., Dunstan C. R. Lack of metabolic bone disease in patients with fracture of the femoral neck. Aust N Z J Med. 1981 Apr;11(2):158–161. doi: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.1981.tb04224.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Horsman A., Nordin B. E., Simpson M., Speed R. Cortical and trabecular bone status in elderly women with femoral neck fracture. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1982 Jun;(166):143–151. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lips P., Taconis W. K., van Ginkel F. C., Netelenbos J. C. Radiologic morphometry in patients with femoral neck fractures and elderly control subjects. Comparison with histomorphometric parameters. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1984 Mar;(183):64–70. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mazess R. B. On aging bone loss. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1982 May;(165):239–252. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Melton L. J., 3rd, Riggs B. L. Risk factors for injury after a fall. Clin Geriatr Med. 1985 Aug;1(3):525–539. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nordin B. E. Clinical significance and pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Br Med J. 1971 Mar 13;1(5749):571–576. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.5749.571. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pogrund H., Rigal W. M., Makin M., Robin G., Menczel J., Steinberg R. Determination of osteoporosis in patients with fractured femoral neck using the Singh index: a Jerusalem study. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1981 May;(156):189–195. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Riggs B. L., Wahner H. W., Seeman E., Offord K. P., Dunn W. L., Mazess R. B., Johnson K. A., Melton L. J., 3rd Changes in bone mineral density of the proximal femur and spine with aging. Differences between the postmenopausal and senile osteoporosis syndromes. J Clin Invest. 1982 Oct;70(4):716–723. doi: 10.1172/JCI110667. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Singh M., Nagrath A. R., Maini P. S. Changes in trabecular pattern of the upper end of the femur as an index of osteoporosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1970 Apr;52(3):457–467. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stevenson J. C., Whitehead M. I. Postmenopausal osteoporosis. 1982 Aug 28-Sep 4Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 285(6342):585–588. doi: 10.1136/bmj.285.6342.585. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]