Jing Chen
Jing Chen, PhD
1Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China, 86 01082801222 ext 109
1,
Rui Shan
Rui Shan, MD
1Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China, 86 01082801222 ext 109
1,
Wen Yuan
Wen Yuan, PhD
2Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
2,
Qiong Wu
Qiong Wu, PhD
3Institute of Social Science Survey, Peking University, Beijing, China
3,
Yang Yang
Yang Yang, MD
1Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China, 86 01082801222 ext 109
1,
Yi-Hang Yang
Yi-Hang Yang, MD
1Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China, 86 01082801222 ext 109
1,
Jing-Yao Liu
Jing-Yao Liu, MD
1Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China, 86 01082801222 ext 109
1,
Wu-Cai Xiao
Wu-Cai Xiao, MD
1Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China, 86 01082801222 ext 109
1,
Shanghang Zhang
Shanghang Zhang, PhD
4The School of Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
4,
Li-Ming Wen
Li-Ming Wen, PhD
5School of Public Health, The Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
5,
Xiao-Rui Zhang
Xiao-Rui Zhang, PhD
6Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
6,*,
Zheng Liu
Zheng Liu, PhD
1Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China, 86 01082801222 ext 109
1,*,*,
Yi Song
Yi Song, PhD
2Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
2
1Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China, 86 01082801222 ext 109
2Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
3Institute of Social Science Survey, Peking University, Beijing, China
4The School of Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
5School of Public Health, The Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
6Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
*these authors contributed equally
*Zheng Liu, PhD, Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China, 86 01082801222 ext 109; liuzheng@bjmu.edu.cn
Received 2025 Sep 22; Accepted 2025 Sep 22; Collection date 2025.
Copyright © Jing Chen, Rui Shan, Wen Yuan, Qiong Wu, Yang Yang, Yi-Hang Yang, Jing-Yao Liu, Wu-Cai Xiao, Shanghang Zhang, Li-Ming Wen, Xiao-Rui Zhang, Zheng Liu, Yi Song. Originally published in JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting (https://pediatrics.jmir.org)
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on https://pediatrics.jmir.org, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.
