Abstract
PASSI and PASSI d'Argento are behavioral risk factor surveillance systems used in Italy to monitor health behaviors at national and local levels. Operating continuously with rolling samples, these systems offer near real-time data to inform public health planning and interventions. This presentation highlights the strengths of continuous, questionnaire-based surveillance, including responsiveness, local utility, and integration with regional health systems. It also explores how such models could inspire scalable and cost-effective solutions for broader European NCD monitoring, especially in between health examination survey cycles.