Skip to main content
PMC home page
Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research logoLink to Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research
. 1992 Jul;56(3):237–241.

Evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus in goat serum.

R A Heckert 1, W B McNab 1, S M Richardson 1, M R Briscoe 1
PMCID: PMC1263545  PMID: 1330278

Abstract

An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), was evaluated for its ability to detect serum antibodies against caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV). The ELISA was compared to three other serological immunoassays, agar gel immunodiffusion test (AGIDT), immunoblot assay (IBA), and a fixed-cell immunoperoxidase assay (FCIPA). A total of 511 samples, from 40 farms representing a variety of goat breeds and ages were tested. An estimate of the ELISA sensitivity and specificity was made, relative to combined test results of the three other CAEV serological assays. The degree of agreement of test results among these four assays was evaluated. The number of positives detected by the ELISA, AGIDT, IBA and IPA tests was 193, 154, 204 and 163, respectively. Of the 511 sera tested, 172 were positive to any two or all three of these tests, and were defined as reference positive. A total of 237 samples were negative to all three reference tests, and were defined as reference negative. Relative to these references, the ELISA had a point estimate of 98.3% sensitivity and 97.9% specificity. There was good agreement between the ELISA and the other three assays with a kappa statistic of agreement greater than 0.7 for all three comparisons. The ELISA is therefore considered a suitable assay, with high sensitivity and specificity, for detection of antibodies to CAEV in serum.

Full text

PDF
237

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Adams D. S., Gorham J. R. The gp135 of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus affords greater sensitivity than the p28 in immunodiffusion serology. Res Vet Sci. 1986 Mar;40(2):157–160. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Archambault D., East N., Perk K., Dahlberg J. E. Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus. J Clin Microbiol. 1988 May;26(5):971–975. doi: 10.1128/jcm.26.5.971-975.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Burnette W. N. "Western blotting": electrophoretic transfer of proteins from sodium dodecyl sulfate--polyacrylamide gels to unmodified nitrocellulose and radiographic detection with antibody and radioiodinated protein A. Anal Biochem. 1981 Apr;112(2):195–203. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(81)90281-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Cheevers W. P., Knowles D. P., McGuire T. C., Cunningham D. R., Adams D. S., Gorham J. R. Chronic disease in goats orally infected with two isolates of the caprine arthritis-encephalitis lentivirus. Lab Invest. 1988 May;58(5):510–517. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Cheevers W. P., Roberson S., Klevjer-Anderson P., Crawford T. B. Characterization of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus: a retrovirus of goats. Arch Virol. 1981;67(1):111–117. doi: 10.1007/BF01314610. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Clements J. E., Narayan O., Cork L. C. Biochemical characterization of the virus causing leukoencephalitis and arthritis in goats. J Gen Virol. 1980 Oct;50(2):423–427. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-50-2-423. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Cork L. C., Hadlow W. J., Crawford T. B., Gorham J. R., Piper R. C. Infectious leukoencephalomyelitis of young goats. J Infect Dis. 1974 Feb;129(2):134–141. doi: 10.1093/infdis/129.2.134. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Crawford T. B., Adams D. S. Caprine arthritis-encephalitis: clinical features and presence of antibody in selected goat populations. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1981 Apr 1;178(7):713–719. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Dawson M. Lentivirus diseases of domesticated animals. J Comp Pathol. 1988 Nov;99(4):401–419. doi: 10.1016/0021-9975(88)90059-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Grewal A. S., Littlejohns I. R., Smith J. E. Two distinct gel diffusion precipitin tests for the diagnosis of retrovirus infection in goats. Aust Vet J. 1986 Mar;63(3):86–88. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.1986.tb02937.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kajikawa O., Lairmore M. D., DeMartini J. C. Analysis of antibody responses to phenotypically distinct lentiviruses. J Clin Microbiol. 1990 Apr;28(4):764–770. doi: 10.1128/jcm.28.4.764-770.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Laemmli U. K. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680–685. doi: 10.1038/227680a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. McNab W. B., Meek A. H., Duncan J. R., Brooks B. W., Van Dreumel A. A., Martin S. W., Nielsen K. H., Sugden E. A., Turcotte C. An evaluation of selected screening tests for bovine paratuberculosis. Can J Vet Res. 1991 Jul;55(3):252–259. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Narayan O., Cork L. C. Lentiviral diseases of sheep and goats: chronic pneumonia leukoencephalomyelitis and arthritis. Rev Infect Dis. 1985 Jan-Feb;7(1):89–98. doi: 10.1093/clinids/7.1.89. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Narayan O., Sheffer D., Griffin D. E., Clements J., Hess J. Lack of neutralizing antibodies to caprine arthritis-encephalitis lentivirus in persistently infected goats can be overcome by immunization with inactivated Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Virol. 1984 Feb;49(2):349–355. doi: 10.1128/jvi.49.2.349-355.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Schroeder B. A., Oliver R. E., Cathcart A. The development and evaluation of an ELISA for the detection of antibodies to caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus in goat sera. N Z Vet J. 1985 Dec;33(12):213–215. doi: 10.1080/00480169.1985.35240. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Simard C. L., Briscoe M. R. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies to maedi-visna virus in sheep. I. A simple technique for production of antigen using sodium dodecyl sulfate treatment. Can J Vet Res. 1990 Oct;54(4):446–450. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Simard C. L., Briscoe M. R. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies to maedi-visna virus in sheep. II. Comparison to conventional agar gel immunodiffusion test. Can J Vet Res. 1990 Oct;54(4):451–456. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Stowring L., Haase A. T., Charman H. P. Serological definition of the lentivirus group of retroviruses. J Virol. 1979 Feb;29(2):523–528. doi: 10.1128/jvi.29.2.523-528.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Tyler J. W., Cullor J. S. Titers, tests, and truisms: rational interpretation of diagnostic serologic testing. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989 Jun 1;194(11):1550–1558. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Verwoerd D. W., Payne A. L., York D. F., Myer M. S. Isolation and preliminary characterization of the jaagsiekte retrovirus (JSRV). Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 1983 Dec;50(4):309–316. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Voller A., Bidwell D. E., Bartlett A. Enzyme immunoassays in diagnostic medicine. Theory and practice. Bull World Health Organ. 1976;53(1):55–65. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Wright P. Enzyme immunoassay: observations on aspects of quality control. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1987 Dec;17(1-4):441–452. doi: 10.1016/0165-2427(87)90160-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Zanoni R., Krieg A., Peterhans E. Detection of antibodies to caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus by protein G enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting. J Clin Microbiol. 1989 Mar;27(3):580–582. doi: 10.1128/jcm.27.3.580-582.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research are provided here courtesy of Canadian Veterinary Medical Association

RESOURCES