Skip to main content
Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis logoLink to Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis
. 2004 Summer;37(2):239–242. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2004.37-239

Obtained versus programmed reinforcement practical considerations in the treatment of escape-reinforced aggression.

LeAnne Johnson 1, Jennifer McComas 1, Andrea Thompson 1, Frank J Symons 1
PMCID: PMC1284501  PMID: 15293645

Abstract

This investigation provides a preliminary examination of the difference between programmed and obtained reinforcement rates and its potential influence during treatment of aggression in a natural setting. Following a functional analysis that suggested that the aggression of a boy with autism was negatively reinforced, intervention was implemented by the boy's mother. Concurrent fixed-ratio (FR) 1 FR 1 schedules of escape were arranged for manding and aggression. When mands failed to compete effectively with aggression, obtained reinforcement ratios were calculated; these indicated that obtained reinforcement varied from the programmed schedule for aggression but not for mands. Increasing the rate of prompts for mands resulted in an increase in mands and a decrease in aggression to near-zero levels.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (73.2 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. DeLeon I. G., Fisher W. W., Herman K. M., Crosland K. C. Assessment of a response bias for aggression over functionally equivalent appropriate behavior. J Appl Behav Anal. 2000 Spring;33(1):73–77. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2000.33-73. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Hanley G. P., Iwata B. A., Thompson R. H. Reinforcement schedule thinning following treatment with functional communication training. J Appl Behav Anal. 2001 Spring;34(1):17–38. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2001.34-17. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Hoch Hannah, McComas Jennifer J., Johnson LeAnn, Faranda Nicky, Guenther Shayna L. The effects of magnitude and quality of reinforcement on choice responding during play activities. J Appl Behav Anal. 2002 Summer;35(2):171–181. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2002.35-171. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Laport Ginna G., Levine Bruce L., Stadtmauer Edward A., Schuster Stephen J., Luger Selina M., Grupp Stephan, Bunin Nancy, Strobl Frank J., Cotte Julio, Zheng Zhaohui. Adoptive transfer of costimulated T cells induces lymphocytosis in patients with relapsed/refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma following CD34+-selected hematopoietic cell transplantation. Blood. 2003 May 22;102(6):2004–2013. doi: 10.1182/blood-2003-01-0095. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Neef N. A. Effects of reinforcer rate and reinforcer quality on time allocation: Extensions of matching theory to educational settings. J Appl Behav Anal. 1992 Fall;25(3):691–699. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1992.25-691. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Shirley M. J., Iwata B. A., Kahng S. W., Mazaleski J. L., Lerman D. C. Does functional communication training compete with ongoing contingencies of reinforcement? An analysis during response acquisition and maintenance. J Appl Behav Anal. 1997 Spring;30(1):93–104. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1997.30-93. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Worsdell A. S., Iwata B. A., Hanley G. P., Thompson R. H., Kahng S. W. Effects of continuous and intermittent reinforcement for problem behavior during functional communication training. J Appl Behav Anal. 2000 Summer;33(2):167–179. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2000.33-167. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis are provided here courtesy of Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior

RESOURCES