Abstract
We present a genome assembly from a specimen of Phakellia ventilabrum (Porifera; Demospongiae; Bubarida; Bubaridae). The genome sequence has a total length of 211.92 megabases. Most of the assembly (99.97%) is scaffolded into 25 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 24.36 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly by Ensembl identified 21 622 protein-coding genes. Thirty-three binned genomes were generated from the metagenome assembly, of which eight were classified as high-quality metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) and of which four of the MAGs are fully circular. The MAGs were taxonomically assigned to Pseudomonadota (i.e. Candidatus Poriferihabitaceae), Nitrospirota, Nitrospinota, and the archaeal Nitrosopumilus clade.
Keywords: Phakellia ventilabrum, genome sequence, chromosomal, Bubarida, microbial metagenome
Species taxonomy
Eukaryota; Opisthokonta; Metazoa; Porifera; Demospongiae; Heteroscleromorpha; Bubarida; Bubaridae; Phakellia; Phakellia ventilabrum (Linnaeus, 1767) (NCBI:txid942649)
Background
Phakellia ventilabrum (Linnaeus, 1767), is a deep-water demosponge, common on rock-sand habitats across the North Atlantic Ocean, although it has also been reported in the Western Mediterranean Sea ( de Voogd et al., 2024; Maldonado et al., 2017; Sánchez et al., 2009). This fan-shaped axinellid sponge has a wide bathymetric distribution from shallow waters of 10 m to depths reaching almost 1,900 m ( Prado et al., 2020). Phakellia ventilabrum can form dense aggregations and is considered as a Vulnerable Marine Ecosystem (VME) indicator species ( Maldonado et al., 2017).
Phakellia ventilabrum is an oviparous and gonochoristic (i.e. separate sexes) species, reproducing in May and September, with potentially lecithotrophic larva or direct development, given the relatively high amount of nutrients (mainly lipids) accumulated in the egg during vitellogenesis ( Koutsouveli et al., 2022). Its dispersal ability and the main oceanographic currents in the North Atlantic Ocean drive the genetic connectivity and genetic diversity patterns of this species. Two distinct genetic populations have been identified, one comprising individuals from the Cantabrian Sea to Roscoff, and another comprising sponges from the south of the British Islands up to the north of Norway ( Taboada et al., 2023). The genetic break detected in this genome-wide analysis is explained by oceanographic models and indicated a high degree of isolation. The low genetic diversity for the Cantabrian P. ventilabrum might result in compromised resilience for this population considering the current climate change scenario predictions for the southern areas ( Taboada et al., 2023).
Phakellia ventilabrum is an optimal natural sampler for environmental DNA (eDNA). Collections along the North Atlantic have identified unprecedented levels of metazoan diversity within this species, with more than 400 species detected by eDNA methods ( Gallego et al., 2024; Neave et al., 2023). Because P. ventilabrum is a Low Microbial Abundance (LMA) species, its presumed high filtration rates may be favourable for accumulating a higher amount of eDNA ( Weisz et al., 2008). The microbiome of P. ventilabrum is dominated by Pseudomonadota and Nitrospirota and it displays sponge species-specificity in comparison to closely-related species from the same collection sites ( Busch et al., 2022; Taboada et al., 2022).
The availability of the chromosome-level genome of P. ventilabrum will help to further explore population connectivity and adaptation patterns of this key-stone species, which will have direct implications for conservation purposes. The availability of another chromosome-level genome for P. ventilabrum ( Mc Cartney et al., 2024) now provides a wealth of data for comparative genomic analyses to address evolutionary and ecological questions with unprecedented detail. In addition, this genome will be particularly useful for investigating the evolution of biological traits in Demospongiae as well as for clarifying the phylogenetic relationships within the family Bubaridae. This last case is especially relevant for the polyphyletic genus Phakellia ( Morrow et al., 2012; Redmond et al., 2013; Taboada et al., 2022) and with P. ventilabrum representing the type species. Finally, the microbial genomic data provided here will enable future studies on the microbial composition and functionality of this species across its geographic and phylogenetic distribution, ( Hentschel et al., 2012; Díez-Vives & Riesgo, 2024; Thomas et al., 2016).
Genome sequence report
Sequencing data
The genome of a specimen of Phakellia ventilabrum ( Figure 1) was sequenced using Pacific Biosciences single-molecule HiFi long reads, generating 26.14 Gb from 2.84 million reads. Based on the estimated genome size, the sequencing data provided approximately 93 coverage of the genome. Chromosome conformation Hi-C data produced 116.05 Gb from 768.51 million reads. RNA sequencing data were also generated and are available in public sequence repositories. Table 1 summarises the specimen and sequencing information.
Figure 1. Phakelia ventilabrum specimen used for genome sequencing.
The image depicts the specimen immediately after collection onboard ship and prior to deep-freezing. The size of the sponge body is about 20–25 cm in diameter. Image taken by Kathrin Busch.
Table 1. Specimen and sequencing data for Phakellia ventilabrum.
| Project information | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Study title | Phakellia ventilabrum | ||
| Umbrella BioProject | PRJEB78906 | ||
| Species | Phakellia ventilabrum | ||
| BioSpecimen | SAMEA115470870 | ||
| NCBI taxonomy ID | 942649 | ||
| Specimen information | |||
| Technology | ToLID | BioSample accession | Organism part |
| PacBio long read sequencing | odPhaVent3 | SAMEA115470889 | Somatic tissue |
| Hi-C sequencing | odPhaVent3 | SAMEA115470888 | Somatic tissue |
| RNA sequencing | odPhaVent3 | SAMEA115470887 | Somatic tissue |
| Sequencing information | |||
| Platform | Run accession | Read count | Base count (Gb) |
| Hi-C Illumina NovaSeq X | ERR13494022 | 7.69e+08 | 116.05 |
| PacBio Revio | ERR13510315 | 2.84e+06 | 26.14 |
| RNA Illumina NovaSeq X | ERR14711437 | 7.37e+07 | 11.13 |
Assembly statistics
The primary haplotype was assembled, and contigs corresponding to an alternate haplotype were also deposited in INSDC databases. The assembly was improved by manual curation, which corrected 26 misjoins or missing joins and removed 6 haplotypic duplications. These interventions reduced the total assembly length by 4.22%, decreased the scaffold count by 83.33%, also decreasing the scaffold N50 by 0.58%. The final assembly has a total length of 211.92 Mb in 26 scaffolds, with 59 gaps, and a scaffold N50 of 8.44 Mb ( Table 2).
Table 2. Genome assembly data for Phakellia ventilabrum.
| Genome assembly | |
|---|---|
| Assembly name | odPhaVent3.1 |
| Assembly accession | GCA_964276705.1 |
| Alternate haplotype accession | GCA_964276595.1 |
| Assembly level for primary assembly | chromosome |
| Span (Mb) | 211.92 |
| Number of contigs | 85 |
| Number of scaffolds | 26 |
| Longest scaffold (Mb) | 22.06 |
| Assembly metric | Measure |
| Contig N50 length | 5.01 Mb |
| Scaffold N50 length | 8.44 Mb |
| Consensus quality (QV) | Primary: 63.4; alternate: 61.4; combined 62.3 |
| BUSCO * | C:79.7%[S:78.7%,D:0.9%],F:8.4%,M:11.9%,n:954 |
| Percentage of assembly assigned to chromosomes | 99.98% |
| Organelles | Mitochondrial genome: 24.36 kb |
* BUSCO scores based on the metazoa_odb10 BUSCO set using version 5.5.0. C = complete [S = single copy, D = duplicated], F = fragmented, M = missing, n = number of orthologues in comparison.
The snail plot in Figure 2 provides a summary of the assembly statistics, indicating the distribution of scaffold lengths and other assembly metrics. Figure 3 shows the distribution of scaffolds by GC proportion and coverage.
Figure 2. Genome assembly of Phakellia ventilabrum, odPhaVent3.1: metrics.
The BlobToolKit snail plot provides an overview of assembly metrics and BUSCO gene completeness. The circumference represents the length of the whole genome sequence, and the main plot is divided into 1,000 bins around the circumference. The outermost blue tracks display the distribution of GC, AT, and N percentages across the bins. Scaffolds are arranged clockwise from longest to shortest and are depicted in dark grey. The longest scaffold is indicated by the red arc, and the deeper orange and pale orange arcs represent the N50 and N90 lengths. A light grey spiral at the centre shows the cumulative scaffold count on a logarithmic scale. A summary of complete, fragmented, duplicated, and missing BUSCO genes in the metazoa_odb10 set is presented at the top right. An interactive version of this figure is available at https://blobtoolkit.genomehubs.org/view/GCA_964276705.1/dataset/GCA_964276705.1/snail.
Figure 3. Genome assembly of Phakellia ventilabrum, odPhaVent3.1: BlobToolKit GC-coverage plot.
Blob plot showing sequence coverage (vertical axis) and GC content (horizontal axis). The circles represent scaffolds, with the size proportional to scaffold length and the colour representing phylum membership. The histograms along the axes display the total length of sequences distributed across different levels of coverage and GC content. An interactive version of this figure is available at https://blobtoolkit.genomehubs.org/view/GCA_964276705.1/dataset/GCA_964276705.1/blob.
Most of the assembly sequence (99.98%) was assigned to 25 chromosomal-level scaffolds. These chromosome-level scaffolds, confirmed by Hi-C data, are named according to size ( Figure 4; Table 3).
Figure 4. Genome assembly of Phakellia ventilabrum: Hi-C contact map of the odPhaVent3.1 assembly, visualised using HiGlass.
Chromosomes are shown in order of size from left to right and top to bottom. An interactive version of this figure may be viewed at https://genome-note-higlass.tol.sanger.ac.uk/l/?d=OdUSwO9xSWKqKrRfqJkbRg.
Table 3. Chromosomal pseudomolecules in the genome assembly of Phakellia ventilabrum, odPhaVent3.
| INSDC accession | Name | Length (Mb) | GC% |
|---|---|---|---|
| OZ194358.1 | 1 | 22.06 | 43 |
| OZ194359.1 | 2 | 12.61 | 42.5 |
| OZ194360.1 | 3 | 10.43 | 43 |
| OZ194361.1 | 4 | 9.1 | 43.5 |
| OZ194362.1 | 5 | 8.98 | 43.5 |
| OZ194363.1 | 6 | 8.97 | 44.5 |
| OZ194364.1 | 7 | 8.93 | 43.5 |
| OZ194365.1 | 8 | 8.6 | 44 |
| OZ194366.1 | 9 | 8.49 | 43 |
| OZ194367.1 | 10 | 8.44 | 44 |
| OZ194368.1 | 11 | 8.01 | 43.5 |
| OZ194369.1 | 12 | 7.96 | 43 |
| OZ194370.1 | 13 | 7.83 | 43.5 |
| OZ194371.1 | 14 | 7.7 | 44 |
| OZ194372.1 | 15 | 7.37 | 43 |
| OZ194373.1 | 16 | 7.32 | 44.5 |
| OZ194374.1 | 17 | 7.29 | 44 |
| OZ194375.1 | 18 | 7.03 | 43 |
| OZ194376.1 | 19 | 6.99 | 43.5 |
| OZ194377.1 | 20 | 6.68 | 44 |
| OZ194378.1 | 21 | 6.66 | 43 |
| OZ194379.1 | 22 | 6.33 | 44.5 |
| OZ194380.1 | 23 | 6.17 | 44 |
| OZ194381.1 | 24 | 6.17 | 43.5 |
| OZ194382.1 | 25 | 5.77 | 44 |
| OZ194383.1 | MT | 0.02 | 39.5 |
The mitochondrial genome was also assembled. This sequence is included as a contig in the multifasta file of the genome submission and as a standalone record in GenBank.
Assembly quality metrics
The primary haplotype has a QV of 63.4, and the combined primary and alternate assemblies achieve an estimated QV of 62.3. BUSCO v.5.5.0 analysis using the metazoa_odb10 reference set ( n = 954) indicated a completeness score of 79.7% (single = 78.7%, duplicated = 0.9%).
Metagenome report
We recovered 33 bins from the metagenome assembly ( Figure 5), of which eight met the criteria for MAGs, including four fully circularised genomes. The recovered bins represented 9 bacterial and archaeal phyla, with genome sizes ranging from 0.90 to 4.00 Mbp (mean: 2.17 ± 0.83 Mbp). Mean completeness was 81.9% (± 15.1%) with 2.7% (± 2.8%) contamination. Figure 6 summarises the taxa and quality of the metagenome bins. The full per-bin table of taxa and quality metrics for the metagenome bins is available on Zenodo.
Figure 5. Blob plot of base coverage mapped against GC proportion for sequences in the Phakellia ventilabrum metagenome.
Binned contigs are coloured by family. Circles are sized in proportion to sequence length on a square-root scale, ranging from 510 to 6 879 066. Histograms show the distribution of sequence length sum along each axis. An interactive version of this figure may be viewed here.
Figure 6. Taxonomic tree based on taxonomic classifications of metagenome bins, constructed using ete3.
Colours indicate phylum-level taxonomy. Tracks show genome completeness (blue), sequencing coverage (red, log10), and genome size (grey bars, Mbp). High-quality MAGs are marked with grey circles; fully circularized MAGs in black.
Genome annotation report
The Phakellia ventilabrum genome assembly (GCA_964276705.1) was annotated by Ensembl at the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI). This annotation includes 38 110 transcribed mRNAs from 21 622 protein-coding and 5 189 non-coding genes. The average transcript length is 7 147.00 bp, with an average of 1.42 coding transcripts per gene and 6.91 exons per transcript. For further information about the annotation, please refer to the Ensembl annotation page.
Methods
Sample acquisition
A specimen of P. ventilabrum (specimen ID GHC0000295, ToLID odPhaVent3; Figure 1) was collected on 2018-08-12 by Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) Ægir6000, event GS2018108-70-ROV-50, during the GS2018108 cruise onboard research vessel G.O. Sars. It was collected in the Norwegian Sea at a water depth of 218 m in the Stjernsund (latitude 70.2632°N, longitude 22.4744°E). The specimen was subsampled, flash-frozen and stored at –80 °C at GEOMAR until processing for genome sequencing. The specimen was collected by Kathrin Busch (Geomar) and identified by Hans Tore Rapp (UiB, Norway).
Nucleic acid extraction
The workflow for high molecular weight (HMW) DNA extraction at the Wellcome Sanger Institute (WSI) Tree of Life Core Laboratory includes a sequence of procedures: sample preparation and homogenisation, DNA extraction, fragmentation and purification. Detailed protocols are available on protocols.io ( Denton et al., 2023). The odPhaVent3 sample was prepared for DNA extraction by weighing and dissecting it on dry ice ( Jay et al., 2023). Prior to DNA extraction, the sponge sample was bathed in “L buffer” (10 mM Tris, pH 7.6, 100 mM EDTA, 20 mM NaCl), minced into small pieces using a scalpel and the cellular interior separated from the mesohyl using forceps ( Lopez, 2022). HMW DNA was extracted using the Automated MagAttract v2 protocol ( Oatley et al., 2023a). DNA was sheared into an average fragment size of 12–20 kb in a Megaruptor 3 system ( Bates et al., 2023). Sheared DNA was purified by solid-phase reversible immobilisation, using AMPure PB beads to eliminate shorter fragments and concentrate the DNA ( Oatley et al., 2023b). The concentration of the sheared and purified DNA was assessed using a Nanodrop spectrophotometer and Qubit Fluorometer using the Qubit dsDNA High Sensitivity Assay kit. Fragment size distribution was evaluated by running the sample on the FemtoPulse system.
RNA was also extracted from somatic tissue of odPhaVent3 in the Tree of Life Laboratory at the WSI using the RNA Extraction: Automated MagMax™ mirVana protocol ( do Amaral et al., 2023). The RNA concentration was assessed using a Nanodrop spectrophotometer and a Qubit Fluorometer using the Qubit RNA Broad-Range Assay kit. Analysis of the integrity of the RNA was done using the Agilent RNA 6000 Pico Kit and Eukaryotic Total RNA assay.
Sequencing
Pacific Biosciences HiFi circular consensus DNA sequencing libraries were constructed according to the manufacturers’ instructions. DNA sequencing was performed by the Scientific Operations core at the WSI on Pacific Biosciences Revio. Tissue from the somatic tissue of the odPhaVent3 sample was processed for Hi-C sequencing at the WSI Scientific Operations core, using the Arima-HiC v2 kit.and sequenced on the Illumina NovaSeq X instrument. Poly(A) RNA-Seq libraries were constructed using the NEB Ultra II RNA Library Prep kit, following the manufacturer’s instructions. RNA sequencing was performed on the Illumina NovaSeq X instrument.
Genome assembly, curation and evaluation
Assembly
Prior to assembly of the PacBio HiFi reads, a database of k-mer counts ( k = 31) was generated from the filtered reads using FastK. GenomeScope2 ( Ranallo-Benavidez et al., 2020) was used to analyse the k-mer frequency distributions, providing estimates of genome size, heterozygosity, and repeat content.
The HiFi reads were assembled using Hifiasm ( Cheng et al., 2021) with the --primary option. Haplotypic duplications were identified and removed using purge_dups ( Guan et al., 2020). The Hi-C reads were mapped to the primary contigs using bwa-mem2 ( Vasimuddin et al., 2019). The contigs were further scaffolded using the provided Hi-C data ( Rao et al., 2014) in YaHS ( Zhou et al., 2023) using the --break option for handling potential misassemblies. The scaffolded assemblies were evaluated using Gfastats ( Formenti et al., 2022), BUSCO ( Manni et al., 2021) and MERQURY.FK ( Rhie et al., 2020).
The mitochondrial genome was assembled using MitoHiFi ( Uliano-Silva et al., 2023), which runs MitoFinder ( Allio et al., 2020) and uses these annotations to select the final mitochondrial contig and to ensure the general quality of the sequence.
Assembly curation
The assembly was decontaminated using the Assembly Screen for Cobionts and Contaminants (ASCC) pipeline. Flat files and maps used in curation were generated via the TreeVal pipeline ( Pointon et al., 2023). Manual curation was conducted primarily in PretextView ( Harry, 2022) and HiGlass ( Kerpedjiev et al., 2018), with additional insights provided by JBrowse2 ( Diesh et al., 2023). Scaffolds were visually inspected and corrected as described by Howe et al. (2021). Any identified contamination, missed joins, and mis-joins were amended, and duplicate sequences were tagged and removed. The curation process is documented at https://gitlab.com/wtsi-grit/rapid-curation.
Taxonomic verification
Sequences of type material have not been available for taxonomic validation. Therefore, we reconstructed phylogenetic trees with the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (Folmer-region) and the C-region of the nuclear long ribosomal subunit (28S-C) for all sequences currently published for this genus. Sequences were aligned using MAFFT v7.450 ( Katoh & Standley, 2013), and Maximum Likelihood trees were reconstructed using RAxML 8 (GTR+GAMMA+ I model, Stamatakis, 2014). In both analyses the current sample was part of a monophyletic group of P. ventilabrum, comprising other, well-identified samples (e.g., HQ379409 (CO1, identical), or HQ379197 (28S, 1 bp different), both Morrow et al. (2012)). In addition, to validate the taxonomic identity of the sequenced specimen, the cox1 gene sequence (animal DNA barcode) of a previously sequenced P. ventilabrum specimen spanning 658 bp was retrieved from NCBI (accession: HQ379409.1). This sequence was aligned against the scaffold identified as the mitochondrial genome of the specimen used for assembling the reference genome (NCBI accession: OZ194383.1), using the software Geneious Prime v.2025.2.1 under default parameters. The barcode sequence was aligned from position 14,135 to position 14,793 of the new mitochondrial genome assembly. The alignment showed a 100% sequence identity, thereby providing molecular confirmation that indeed the assembled individual belonged to the species P. ventilabrum.
Assembly quality assessment
The Merqury.FK tool ( Rhie et al., 2020), run in a Singularity container ( Kurtzer et al., 2017), was used to evaluate the assembly quality of the primary and alternate haplotypes using the k-mer databases ( k = 31) that were computed prior to genome assembly.
A Hi-C contact map was produced for the final version of the assembly. The Hi-C reads were aligned using bwa-mem2 ( Vasimuddin et al., 2019) and the alignment files were combined using SAMtools ( Danecek et al., 2021). The Hi-C alignments were converted into a contact map using BEDTools ( Quinlan & Hall, 2010) and the Cooler tool suite ( Abdennur & Mirny, 2020).
The genome was analysed using the BlobToolkit pipeline, a Nextflow port of the earlier Snakemake version ( Challis et al., 2020). The pipeline aligns PacBio reads using SAMtools and minimap2 ( Li, 2018) and generates coverage tracks for regions of fixed size. It runs BUSCO ( Manni et al., 2021) using lineages identified from the NCBI taxonomy ( Schoch et al., 2020). For the three domain-level lineages, BUSCO genes are aligned to the UniProt Reference Proteomes ( Bateman et al., 2023) using DIAMOND blastp ( Buchfink et al., 2021). The genome is divided into chunks according to the density of the BUSCO genes from the closest taxonomic lineage, and each chunk is aligned to the UniProt Reference Proteomes using DIAMOND blastx. Genome sequences without a hit are split using seqtk and aligned to the NT database with blastn ( Altschul et al., 1990). The blobtools suite consolidates all outputs into a blobdir for visualisation. The BlobToolKit pipeline was developed using nf-core tooling ( Ewels et al., 2020) and MultiQC ( Ewels et al., 2016), with containerisation through Docker ( Merkel, 2014) and Singularity ( Kurtzer et al., 2017).
Table 4 contains a list of relevant software tool versions and sources.
Table 4. Software tools: versions and sources.
Metagenome assembly
The metagenome assembly was generated using metaMDBG ( Benoit et al., 2024) and binned using MetaBAT2 ( Kang et al., 2019), MaxBin ( Wu et al., 2014), bin3C ( DeMaere & Darling, 2019), and MetaTOR. The resulting bin sets of each binning algorithm were optimised and refined using MAGScoT ( Rühlemann et al., 2022). PROKKA ( Seemann, 2014) was used to identify tRNAs and rRNAs in each bin, CheckM ( Parks et al., 2015) (checkM_DB release 2015-01-16) was used to assess bin completeness/contamination, and GTDB-TK ( Chaumeil et al., 2022) (GTDB release 214) was used to taxonomically classify bins. Taxonomic replicate bins were identified using dRep ( Olm et al., 2017) with default settings (95% ANI threshold). The final bin set was filtered for bacteria and archaea. All bins were assessed for quality and categorised as metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) if they met the following criteria: contamination ≤ 5%, presence of 5S, 16S, and 23S rRNA genes, at least 18 unique tRNAs, and either ≥ 90% completeness or ≥ 50% completeness with fully circularised chromosomes. Bins that did not meet these thresholds, or were identified as taxonomic replicates of MAGs, were retained as ‘binned metagenomes’ provided they had ≥ 50% completeness and ≤ 10% contamination. A taxonomic tree of the bins was constructed from NCBI classifications using ete3 ( Huerta-Cepas et al., 2016) and visualised with matplotlib. Software tool versions and sources are given in Table 4.
Wellcome Sanger Institute – Legal and Governance
The materials that have contributed to this genome note have been supplied by a Tree of Life collaborator. The Wellcome Sanger Institute employs a process whereby due diligence is carried out proportionate to the nature of the materials themselves, and the circumstances under which they have been/are to be collected and provided for use. The purpose of this is to address and mitigate any potential legal and/or ethical implications of receipt and use of the materials as part of the research project, and to ensure that in doing so we align with best practice wherever possible. The overarching areas of consideration are:
Ethical review of provenance and sourcing of the material
Legality of collection, transfer and use (national and international)
Each transfer of samples is undertaken according to a Research Collaboration Agreement or Material Transfer Agreement entered into by the Tree of Life collaborator, Genome Research Limited (operating as the Wellcome Sanger Institute) and in some circumstances other Tree of Life collaborators.
Funding Statement
This work was funded by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation through a grant (GBMF8897) to the Wellcome Sanger Institute to support the Aquatic Symbiosis Genomics Project, and by Wellcome through core funding to the Wellcome Sanger Institute (220540). This research was supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant agreement no. 679849 (the SponGES project).
The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
[version 1; peer review: 2 approved]
Data availability
European Nucleotide Archive: Phakellia ventilabrum. Accession number PRJEB78906; https://identifiers.org/ena.embl/PRJEB78906. The genome sequence is released openly for reuse. The Phakellia ventilabrum genome sequencing initiative is part of the Aquatic Symbiosis Genomics (ASG) project ( https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/view/PRJEB43743). All raw sequence data and the assembly have been deposited in INSDC databases. The genome will be annotated using available RNA-Seq data and presented through the Ensembl pipeline at the European Bioinformatics Institute. Raw data and assembly accession identifiers are reported in Table 1 and Table 2.
Author information
Contributors are listed at the following links:
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