1Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
2Department of Epidemiology and Prevention and Department of Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston, Salem, NC USA
3Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
4Weight Management Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC USA
5Louisville Metabolic and Atherosclerosis Research Center, Louisville, KY USA
6Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA USA
7Division of Physical Activity and Weight Management, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS USA
8Department of Nutrition Sciences, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
9Epitomee Medical Ltd, Caesarea, Israel
© The Author(s) 2025
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