1MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, London, W12 0NN UK
2Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN UK
3Division of Neuroscience, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN UK
4UK Dementia Research Institute at King’s College London, London, SE5 9RX UK
5The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT UK
6Section of Cell Biology and Functional Genomics, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN UK
7UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, WC1E 6JF UK
8RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan
9Human Technopole, Milan, 20157 Italy
10Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, London, W12 0NN UK
11Institute of Biomedicine of Valencia (CSIC), Valencia, 46012 Spain
12Institute of Quantitative Biology, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
© The Author(s) 2026
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
