Skip to main content
NCBI home page
The Western Journal of Medicine logoLink to The Western Journal of Medicine
. 1996 Jul-Aug;165(1-2):67–73.

Prophylaxis against opportunistic infections in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus.

L W Cheever 1, R E Chaisson 1, J E Gallant 1
PMCID: PMC1307553  PMID: 8855697

Full text

PDF
67

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Ampel N. M., Dols C. L., Galgiani J. N. Coccidioidomycosis during human immunodeficiency virus infection: results of a prospective study in a coccidioidal endemic area. Am J Med. 1993 Mar;94(3):235–240. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(93)90054-s. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Beaman M. H., Luft B. J., Remington J. S. Prophylaxis for toxoplasmosis in AIDS. Ann Intern Med. 1992 Jul 15;117(2):163–164. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-117-2-163. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Beutler E. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. N Engl J Med. 1991 Jan 17;324(3):169–174. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199101173240306. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bozzette S. A., Finkelstein D. M., Spector S. A., Frame P., Powderly W. G., He W., Phillips L., Craven D., van der Horst C., Feinberg J. A randomized trial of three antipneumocystis agents in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. NIAID AIDS Clinical Trials Group. N Engl J Med. 1995 Mar 16;332(11):693–699. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199503163321101. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Carr A., Penny R., Cooper D. A. Efficacy and safety of rechallenge with low-dose trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole in previously hypersensitive HIV-infected patients. AIDS. 1993 Jan;7(1):65–71. doi: 10.1097/00002030-199301000-00010. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Carr A., Tindall B., Brew B. J., Marriott D. J., Harkness J. L., Penny R., Cooper D. A. Low-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis for toxoplasmic encephalitis in patients with AIDS. Ann Intern Med. 1992 Jul 15;117(2):106–111. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-117-2-106. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Chaisson R. E., Keruly J., Richman D. D., Moore R. D. Pneumocystis prophylaxis and survival in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection treated with zidovudine. The Zidovudine Epidemiology Group. Arch Intern Med. 1992 Oct;152(10):2009–2013. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Chaisson R. E., Moore R. D., Richman D. D., Keruly J., Creagh T. Incidence and natural history of Mycobacterium avium-complex infections in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus disease treated with zidovudine. The Zidovudine Epidemiology Study Group. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1992 Aug;146(2):285–289. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm/146.2.285. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Cheung T. W., Matta R., Neibart E., Hammer G., Chusid E., Sacks H. S., Szabo S., Rose D. Intramuscular pentamidine for the prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infect Dis. 1993 Jan;16(1):22–25. doi: 10.1093/clinids/16.1.22. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Cooper D. A., Pehrson P. O., Pedersen C., Moroni M., Oksenhendler E., Rozenbaum W., Clumeck N., Faber V., Stille W., Hirschel B. The efficacy and safety of zidovudine alone or as cotherapy with acyclovir for the treatment of patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex: a double-blind randomized trial. European-Australian Collaborative Group. AIDS. 1993 Feb;7(2):197–207. doi: 10.1097/00002030-199302000-00007. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Daley C. L., Small P. M., Schecter G. F., Schoolnik G. K., McAdam R. A., Jacobs W. R., Jr, Hopewell P. C. An outbreak of tuberculosis with accelerated progression among persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. An analysis using restriction-fragment-length polymorphisms. N Engl J Med. 1992 Jan 23;326(4):231–235. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199201233260404. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Diamond R. D. The growing problem of mycoses in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Rev Infect Dis. 1991 May-Jun;13(3):480–486. doi: 10.1093/clinids/13.3.480. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Dohn M. N., Baughman R. P., Vigdorth E. M., Frame D. L. Equal survival rates for first, second, and third episodes of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Arch Intern Med. 1992 Dec;152(12):2465–2470. doi: 10.1001/archinte.152.12.2465. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Drew W. L. Cytomegalovirus infection in patients with AIDS. Clin Infect Dis. 1992 Feb;14(2):608–615. doi: 10.1093/clinids/14.2.608-a. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Ena J., Amador C., Pasquau F., Carbonell C., Benito C., Gutiérrez F., Vilar A. Once-a-month administration of intravenous pentamidine to patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus as prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis. 1994 Jun;18(6):901–904. doi: 10.1093/clinids/18.6.901. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Fischl M. A., Dickinson G. M., La Voie L. Safety and efficacy of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim chemoprophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS. JAMA. 1988 Feb 26;259(8):1185–1189. doi: 10.1001/jama.259.8.1185. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Gallant J. E., Moore R. D., Richman D. D., Keruly J., Chaisson R. E. Incidence and natural history of cytomegalovirus disease in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus disease treated with zidovudine. The Zidovudine Epidemiology Study Group. J Infect Dis. 1992 Dec;166(6):1223–1227. doi: 10.1093/infdis/166.6.1223. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Gebo K. A., Moore R. D., Keruly J. C., Chaisson R. E. Risk factors for pneumococcal disease in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. J Infect Dis. 1996 Apr;173(4):857–862. doi: 10.1093/infdis/173.4.857. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Girard P. M., Landman R., Gaudebout C., Olivares R., Saimot A. G., Jelazko P., Gaudebout C., Certain A., Boué F., Bouvet E. Dapsone-pyrimethamine compared with aerosolized pentamidine as primary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and toxoplasmosis in HIV infection. The PRIO Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1993 May 27;328(21):1514–1520. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199305273282102. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Graham N. M., Zeger S. L., Park L. P., Phair J. P., Detels R., Vermund S. H., Ho M., Saah A. J. Effect of zidovudine and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis on progression of HIV-1 infection to AIDS. The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. Lancet. 1991 Aug 3;338(8762):265–269. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(91)90414-k. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Grant I. H., Gold J. W., Rosenblum M., Niedzwiecki D., Armstrong D. Toxoplasma gondii serology in HIV-infected patients: the development of central nervous system toxoplasmosis in AIDS. AIDS. 1990 Jun;4(6):519–521. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Hardy W. D., Feinberg J., Finkelstein D. M., Power M. E., He W., Kaczka C., Frame P. T., Holmes M., Waskin H., Fass R. J. A controlled trial of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or aerosolized pentamidine for secondary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 021. N Engl J Med. 1992 Dec 24;327(26):1842–1848. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199212243272604. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Havlir D., Torriani F., Dubé M. Uveitis associated with rifabutin prophylaxis. Ann Intern Med. 1994 Oct 1;121(7):510–512. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-121-7-199410010-00006. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Jacobson M. A., Besch C. L., Child C., Hafner R., Matts J. P., Muth K., Wentworth D. N., Deyton L. Toxicity of clindamycin as prophylaxis for AIDS-associated toxoplasmic encephalitis. Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS. Lancet. 1992 Feb 8;339(8789):333–334. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(92)91649-s. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Jacobson M. A., Besch C. L., Child C., Hafner R., Matts J. P., Muth K., Wentworth D. N., Neaton J. D., Abrams D., Rimland D. Primary prophylaxis with pyrimethamine for toxoplasmic encephalitis in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus disease: results of a randomized trial. Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS. J Infect Dis. 1994 Feb;169(2):384–394. doi: 10.1093/infdis/169.2.384. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Jacobson M. A., Hopewell P. C., Yajko D. M., Hadley W. K., Lazarus E., Mohanty P. K., Modin G. W., Feigal D. W., Cusick P. S., Sande M. A. Natural history of disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection in AIDS. J Infect Dis. 1991 Nov;164(5):994–998. doi: 10.1093/infdis/164.5.994. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Jules-Elysee K. M., Stover D. E., Zaman M. B., Bernard E. M., White D. A. Aerosolized pentamidine: effect on diagnosis and presentation of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Ann Intern Med. 1990 May 15;112(10):750–757. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-112-10-750. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Luft B. J., Remington J. S. Toxoplasmic encephalitis in AIDS. Clin Infect Dis. 1992 Aug;15(2):211–222. doi: 10.1093/clinids/15.2.211. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Maenza J. R., Keruly J. C., Moore R. D., Chaisson R. E., Merz W. G., Gallant J. E. Risk factors for fluconazole-resistant candidiasis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. J Infect Dis. 1996 Jan;173(1):219–225. doi: 10.1093/infdis/173.1.219. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Moore R. D., Chaisson R. E. Survival analysis of two controlled trials of rifabutin prophylaxis against Mycobacterium avium complex in AIDS. AIDS. 1995 Dec;9(12):1337–1342. doi: 10.1097/00002030-199512000-00006. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Moreno S., Baraia-Etxaburu J., Bouza E., Parras F., Pérez-Tascón M., Miralles P., Vicente T., Alberdi J. C., Cosín J., López-Gay D. Risk for developing tuberculosis among anergic patients infected with HIV. Ann Intern Med. 1993 Aug 1;119(3):194–198. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-119-3-199308010-00003. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Morlat P., Chene G., Leport C., Rousseau F., Luft B., Aubertin J., Hafner R., Salamon R., Vilde J. L. Prévention primaire de la toxoplasmose cérébrale chez le sujet infecté par le VIH: résultats d'un essai randomisé en double insu, pyriméthamine versus placebo. Groupe d'étude Anrs 005/Actg 154. Rev Med Interne. 1993;14(10):1002–1002. doi: 10.1016/s0248-8663(05)80120-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Narang P. K., Trapnell C. B., Schoenfelder J. R., Lavelle J. P., Bianchine J. R. Fluconazole and enhanced effect of rifabutin prophylaxis. N Engl J Med. 1994 May 5;330(18):1316–1317. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199405053301817. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Nightingale S. D., Byrd L. T., Southern P. M., Jockusch J. D., Cal S. X., Wynne B. A. Incidence of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex bacteremia in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients. J Infect Dis. 1992 Jun;165(6):1082–1085. doi: 10.1093/infdis/165.6.1082. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Nightingale S. D., Cal S. X., Peterson D. M., Loss S. D., Gamble B. A., Watson D. A., Manzone C. P., Baker J. E., Jockusch J. D. Primary prophylaxis with fluconazole against systemic fungal infections in HIV-positive patients. AIDS. 1992 Feb;6(2):191–194. doi: 10.1097/00002030-199202000-00008. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Nightingale S. D., Cameron D. W., Gordin F. M., Sullam P. M., Cohn D. L., Chaisson R. E., Eron L. J., Sparti P. D., Bihari B., Kaufman D. L. Two controlled trials of rifabutin prophylaxis against Mycobacterium avium complex infection in AIDS. N Engl J Med. 1993 Sep 16;329(12):828–833. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199309163291202. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Northfelt D. W., Clement M. J., Safrin S. Extrapulmonary pneumocystosis: clinical features in human immunodeficiency virus infection. Medicine (Baltimore) 1990 Nov;69(6):392–398. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Pape J. W., Jean S. S., Ho J. L., Hafner A., Johnson W. D., Jr Effect of isoniazid prophylaxis on incidence of active tuberculosis and progression of HIV infection. Lancet. 1993 Jul 31;342(8866):268–272. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(93)91817-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Pertel P., Hirschtick R. Adverse reactions to dapsone in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infect Dis. 1994 Apr;18(4):630–632. doi: 10.1093/clinids/18.4.630. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Phair J., Muñoz A., Detels R., Kaslow R., Rinaldo C., Saah A. The risk of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia among men infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1990 Jan 18;322(3):161–165. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199001183220304. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Podzamczer D., Salazar A., Jiménez J., Consiglio E., Santín M., Casanova A., Rufí G., Gudiol F. Intermittent trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole compared with dapsone-pyrimethamine for the simultaneous primary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis pneumonia and toxoplasmosis in patients infected with HIV. Ann Intern Med. 1995 May 15;122(10):755–761. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-122-10-199505150-00004. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Podzamczer D., Santín M., Jimenez J., Casanova A., Bolao F., Gudiol G. R. Thrice-weekly cotrimoxazole is better than weekly dapsone-pyrimethamine for the primary prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. AIDS. 1993 Apr;7(4):501–506. doi: 10.1097/00002030-199304000-00008. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Powderly W. G., Finkelstein D., Feinberg J., Frame P., He W., van der Horst C., Koletar S. L., Eyster M. E., Carey J., Waskin H. A randomized trial comparing fluconazole with clotrimazole troches for the prevention of fungal infections in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. NIAID AIDS Clinical Trials Group. N Engl J Med. 1995 Mar 16;332(11):700–705. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199503163321102. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Reichert C. M., O'Leary T. J., Levens D. L., Simrell C. R., Macher A. M. Autopsy pathology in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Am J Pathol. 1983 Sep;112(3):357–382. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Schneider M. M., Hoepelman A. I., Eeftinck Schattenkerk J. K., Nielsen T. L., van der Graaf Y., Frissen J. P., van der Ende I. M., Kolsters A. F., Borleffs J. C. A controlled trial of aerosolized pentamidine or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole as primary prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. The Dutch AIDS Treatment Group. N Engl J Med. 1992 Dec 24;327(26):1836–1841. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199212243272603. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. Selwyn P. A., Hartel D., Lewis V. A., Schoenbaum E. E., Vermund S. H., Klein R. S., Walker A. T., Friedland G. H. A prospective study of the risk of tuberculosis among intravenous drug users with human immunodeficiency virus infection. N Engl J Med. 1989 Mar 2;320(9):545–550. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198903023200901. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Selwyn P. A., Sckell B. M., Alcabes P., Friedland G. H., Klein R. S., Schoenbaum E. E. High risk of active tuberculosis in HIV-infected drug users with cutaneous anergy. JAMA. 1992 Jul 22;268(4):504–509. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. Sepkowitz K. A., Telzak E. E., Gold J. W., Bernard E. M., Blum S., Carrow M., Dickmeyer M., Armstrong D. Pneumothorax in AIDS. Ann Intern Med. 1991 Mar 15;114(6):455–459. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-114-6-455. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. Slavin M. A., Hoy J. F., Stewart K., Pettinger M. B., Lucas C. R., Kent S. J. Oral dapsone versus nebulized pentamidine for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis: an open randomized prospective trial to assess efficacy and haematological toxicity. AIDS. 1992 Oct;6(10):1169–1174. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  50. Smith R. M., Iwamoto G. K., Richerson H. B., Flaherty J. P. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole desensitization in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1987 Feb;106(2):335–335. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-106-2-335_1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  51. Spector S. A., McKinley G. F., Lalezari J. P., Samo T., Andruczk R., Follansbee S., Sparti P. D., Havlir D. V., Simpson G., Buhles W. Oral ganciclovir for the prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in persons with AIDS. Roche Cooperative Oral Ganciclovir Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1996 Jun 6;334(23):1491–1497. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199606063342302. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  52. The risk of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. N Engl J Med. 1990 May 31;322(22):1607–1608. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199005313222214. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  53. Torgovnick J., Arsura E. Desensitization to sulfonamides in patients with HIV infection. Am J Med. 1990 May;88(5):548–549. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(90)90443-h. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Western Journal of Medicine are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES