Skip to main content
PMC home page
The Journal of Physiology logoLink to The Journal of Physiology
. 1977 Feb;265(1):103–118. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1977.sp011707

Effects of cytochalasin B and dimethylsulphoxide on isosmotic fluid transport by rabbit gall-bladder in vitro.

O Frederiksen, P P Leyssac
PMCID: PMC1307810  PMID: 850153

Abstract

1. Net fluid transport rate, transepithelial ohmic resistance and potential difference (p.d.), and unidirectional fluxes of Na+ were measured in rabbit gall-bladder preparations in vitro exposed on both sides to Ringer solutions of identical electrolyte composition. 2. Bilateral application of 1% dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO), the solvent for cytochalasin B, rapidly and reversibly depressed net fluid transport rate by 15% and increased the lumen positive p.d. by 1-5-2-0 mV. Resistance did not change significantly. These effects of DMSO were shown to be non-specific osmotic effects. 3. Cytochalasin B (10(-5)M) applied bilaterally caused: (a) a progressive inhibition of net fluid transfer rate to 40-50% of its control value within 60 min; the effect was partly reversible within 60 min and independent of the substrates glucose, glutamate and pyruvate; (b) a progressive depression of the mucosal-to-serosal Na+ flux within the first 30 min with no further change in the flux during the following 30 min of exposure to cytochalasin B; the effect was partly reversible within 70 min; (c) a rapid but moderate increase in the passive serosal-to-mucosal Na+ flux, which continued to increase gradually during the entire 60 min period of exposure to cytochalasin B; the effect was completely reversible within 70 min; (d) a prompt drop in ohmic resistance (30%) and p.d. (40%) with no further changes in these parameters during the following 60 min of exposure to cytochalasin B. The effect on resistance was partly reversible within 90 min; the effect on p.d. was completely reversible within 30 min. 4. The results are interpreted to indicate an early inhibitory action of cytochalasin B on the active transcellular pump mechanism and to suggest a cytochalasin B-mediated progressive increase in cell membrane permeability to sodium resulting ultimately in a highly leaky epithelium. The results are compatible with the concept that a mechanochemical process is involved in isosmotic transcellular transport of fluid across low-resistance epithelia.

Full text

PDF
103

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bauduin H., Stock C., Vincent D., Grenier J. F. Microfilamentous system and secretion of enzyme in the exocrine pancreas. Effect of cytochalasin B. J Cell Biol. 1975 Jul;66(1):165–181. doi: 10.1083/jcb.66.1.165. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Carter S. B. The cytochalasins as research tools in cytology. Endeavour. 1972 May;31(113):77–82. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Copeland M. The cellular response to cytochalasin B: a critical overview. Cytologia (Tokyo) 1974 Dec;39(4):709–727. doi: 10.1508/cytologia.39.709. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. DIAMOND J. M. TRANSPORT OF SALT AND WATER IN RABBIT AND GUINEA PIG GALL BLADDER. J Gen Physiol. 1964 Sep;48:1–14. doi: 10.1085/jgp.48.1.1. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Diamond J. M., Bossert W. H. Standing-gradient osmotic flow. A mechanism for coupling of water and solute transport in epithelia. J Gen Physiol. 1967 Sep;50(8):2061–2083. doi: 10.1085/jgp.50.8.2061. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Douglas W. W. Involvement of calcium in exocytosis and the exocytosis--vesiculation sequence. Biochem Soc Symp. 1974;(39):1–28. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Forer A., Emmersen J., Behnke O. Cytochalasin B: does it affect actin-like filaments? Science. 1972 Feb 18;175(4023):774–776. doi: 10.1126/science.175.4023.774. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Frederiksen O., Leyssac P. P. Transcellular transport of isosmotic volumes by the rabbit gall-bladder in vitro. J Physiol. 1969 Mar;201(1):201–224. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1969.sp008751. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Frömter E., Rumrich G., Ullrich K. J. Phenomenologic description of Na+, Cl- and HCO-3 absorption from proximal tubules of rat kidney. Pflugers Arch. 1973 Oct 22;343(3):189–220. doi: 10.1007/BF00586045. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Frömter E. The route of passive ion movement through the epithelium of Necturus gallbladder. J Membr Biol. 1972;8(3):259–301. doi: 10.1007/BF01868106. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Goldman R. D. The effects of cytochalasin B on the microfilaments of baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells. J Cell Biol. 1972 Feb;52(2):246–254. doi: 10.1083/jcb.52.2.246. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. KLEINZELLER A., KNOTKOVA A. THE EFFECT OF OUABAIN ON THE ELECTROLYTE AND WATER TRANSPORT IN KIDNEY CORTEX AND LIVER SLICES. J Physiol. 1964 Dec;175:172–192. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1964.sp007510. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Kletzien R. F., Perdue J. F. The inhibition of sugar transport in chick embryo fibroblasts by cytochalasin B. Evidence for a membrane-specific effect. J Biol Chem. 1973 Jan 25;248(2):711–719. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Leyssac P. P., Bukhave K., Frederiksen O. Inhibitory effect of prostaglandins on isosmotic fluid transport by rabbit gall-bladder in vitro, and its modification by blocade of endogenous PGE-Biosynthesis with indomethacin. Acta Physiol Scand. 1974 Dec;92(4):496–507. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1974.tb05771.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Mirkovitch V., Sepúlveda F. V., Menge H., Robinson J. W. Active amino-acid and sugar uptake by gall bladder epithelium in dog, guinea-pig and man. Pflugers Arch. 1975 Apr 2;355(4):319–330. doi: 10.1007/BF00579853. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Mizel S. B., Wilson L. Inhibition of the transport of several hexoses in mammalian cells by cytochalasin B. J Biol Chem. 1972 Jun 25;247(12):4102–4105. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Mollgøard K., Saunders N. R. Complex tight junctions of epithelial and of endothelial cells in early foetal brain. J Neurocytol. 1975 Aug;4(4):453–468. doi: 10.1007/BF01261375. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Mooseker M. S., Tilney L. G. Organization of an actin filament-membrane complex. Filament polarity and membrane attachment in the microvilli of intestinal epithelial cells. J Cell Biol. 1975 Dec;67(3):725–743. doi: 10.1083/jcb.67.3.725. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Rostgaard J., Thuneberg L. Electron microscopical observations on the brush border of proximal tubule cells of mammalian kidney. Z Zellforsch Mikrosk Anat. 1972;132(4):473–496. doi: 10.1007/BF00306637. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Schneyer L. H. Differential effects of cytochalasin B on Na and K transport in a perfused salivary duct. Am J Physiol. 1974 Sep;227(3):606–612. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1974.227.3.606. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Spudich J. A., Lin S. Cytochalasin B, its interaction with actin and actomyosin from muscle (cell movement-microfilaments-rabbit striated muscle). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Feb;69(2):442–446. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.2.442. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Tannenbaum J., Tanenbaum S. W., Godman G. C. Subcellular localization of binding sites for cytochalasin D: evidence from activation energies. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1975 Dec 1;413(2):322–327. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(75)90118-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Taverna R. D., Langdon R. G. Reversible association of cytochalasin B with the human erythrocyte membrane. Inhibition of glucose transport and the stoichiometry of cytochalasin binding. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1973 Oct 11;323(2):207–219. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(73)90145-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Voûte C. L., Mollgård K., Ussing H. H. Quantitative relationship between active sodium transport, expansion of endoplasmic reticulum and specialized vacuoles ("scalloped sacs") in the outermost living cell layer of the frog skin epithelium (Rana temporaria) J Membr Biol. 1975;21(3-4):273–289. doi: 10.1007/BF01941072. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. WHITLOCK R. T., WHEELER H. O. COUPLED TRANSPORT OF SOLUTE AND WATER ACROSS RABBIT GALLBLADDER EPITHELIUM. J Clin Invest. 1964 Dec;43:2249–2265. doi: 10.1172/JCI105099. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Wessells N. K., Spooner B. S., Ash J. F., Bradley M. O., Luduena M. A., Taylor E. L., Wrenn J. T., Yamada K. Microfilaments in cellular and developmental processes. Science. 1971 Jan 15;171(3967):135–143. doi: 10.1126/science.171.3967.135. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The Journal of Physiology are provided here courtesy of The Physiological Society

RESOURCES