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Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis logoLink to Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis
. 1985 Winter;18(4):303–308. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1985.18-303

Shaping self-initiated toileting in infants.

P M Smeets, G E Lancioni, T S Ball, D S Oliva
PMCID: PMC1308025  PMID: 4086412

Abstract

We evaluated a method for training infants to cue their mothers on the need to eliminate. The program consisted of three phases: Phase I was directed at establishing a close temporal relationship between body signals (straining) and subsequent defecations on the potty; Phase II was designed to establish a relationship between prompted and unprompted potty reaching/grabbing responses and eliminations (defecations and urinations) on the potty; and Phase III served to establish unprompted potty reaching/grabbing responses as reliable precursors of eliminations. Four babies, between 3.1 and 6.6 months old, all completed the training before age 1 year, with no negative side effects.

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Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

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