Abstract
Classrooms have recently been criticized as total institutions where there is a rigid preoccupation with order and control, and where children are required to be still, to be silent, and to obey. Behavior modification has been described as a major source of change in the classroom. A review of this journal's papers on behavior modification in the classroom indicated that inappropriate behavior has been consistently defined as behavior that interferes with order, quiet, and stillness. It is argued therefore, that behavior modification has supported rather than changed the questionable status quo. Alternative areas for behavior modification in traditional classrooms and the role of behavior modification in the development of open classrooms are discussed.
Full text
PDF





Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Barrish H. H., Saunders M., Wolf M. M. Good behavior game: effects of individual contingencies for group consequences on disruptive behavior in a classroom. J Appl Behav Anal. 1969 Summer;2(2):119–124. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1969.2-119. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bijou S. W. What psychology has to offer education-now. J Appl Behav Anal. 1970 Spring;3(1):65–71. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1970.3-65. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Broden M., Bruce C., Mitchell M. A., Carter V., Hall R. V. Effects of teacher attention on attending behavior of two boys at adjacent desks. J Appl Behav Anal. 1970 Fall;3(3):199–203. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1970.3-199. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bushell D., Wrobel P. A., Michaelis M. L. Applying "group" contingencies to the classroom study behavior of preschool children. J Appl Behav Anal. 1968 Spring;1(1):55–61. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1968.1-55. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Coleman R. A conditioning technique applicable to elementary school classrooms. J Appl Behav Anal. 1970 Winter;3(4):293–297. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1970.3-293. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hall R. V., Lund D., Jackson D. Effects of teacher attention on study behavior. J Appl Behav Anal. 1968 Spring;1(1):1–12. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1968.1-1. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hall R. V., Panyan M., Rabon D., Broden M. Instructing beginning teachers in reinforcement procedures which improve classroom control. J Appl Behav Anal. 1968 Winter;1(4):315–322. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1968.1-315. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Madsen C. H., Becker W. C., Thomas D. R. Rules, praise, and ignoring: elements of elementary classroom control. J Appl Behav Anal. 1968 Summer;1(2):139–150. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1968.1-139. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McAllister L. W., Stachowiak J. G., Baer D. M., Conderman L. The application of operant conditioning techniques in a secondary school classroom. J Appl Behav Anal. 1969 Winter;2(4):277–285. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1969.2-277. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- O'leary K. D., Becker W. C., Evans M. B., Saudargas R. A. A token reinforcement program in a public school: a replication and systematic analysis. J Appl Behav Anal. 1969 Spring;2(1):3–13. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1969.2-3. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Packard R. G. The control of "classroom attention": a group contingency for complex behavior. J Appl Behav Anal. 1970 Spring;3(1):13–28. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1970.3-13. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schmidt G. W., Ulrich R. E. Effects of group contingent events upon classroom noise. J Appl Behav Anal. 1969 Fall;2(3):171–179. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1969.2-171. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Surratt P. R., Ulrich R. E., Hawkins R. P. An elementary student as a behavioral engineer. J Appl Behav Anal. 1969 Summer;2(2):85–92. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1969.2-85. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Thomas D. R., Becker W. C., Armstrong M. Production and elimination of disruptive classroom behavior by systematically varying teacher's behavior. J Appl Behav Anal. 1968 Spring;1(1):35–45. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1968.1-35. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ward M. H., Baker B. L. Reinforcement therapy in the classroom. J Appl Behav Anal. 1968 Winter;1(4):323–328. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1968.1-323. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wasik B. H., Senn K., Welch R. H., Cooper B. R. Behavior modification with culturally deprived school children: two case studies. J Appl Behav Anal. 1969 Fall;2(3):181–194. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1969.2-181. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Winkler R. C. Management of chronic psychiatric patients by a token reinforcement system. J Appl Behav Anal. 1970 Spring;3(1):47–55. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1970.3-47. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
