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Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis logoLink to Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis
. 1970 Winter;3(4):261–270. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1970.3-261

The relative effects on math performance of single- versus multiple-ratio schedules: a case study1

Tom C Lovitt 1, Karen A Esveldt 1,2
PMCID: PMC1311130  PMID: 16795267

Abstract

This series of four experiments sought to assess the comparative effects of multiple- versus single-ratio schedules on a pupil's responding to mathematics materials. Experiment I, which alternated between single- and multiple-ratio contingencies, revealed that during the latter phase the subject responded at a higher rate. Similar findings were revealed by Exp. II. The third experiment, which manipulated frequency of reinforcement rather than multiple ratios, revealed that the alteration had a minimal effect on the subject's response rate. A final experiment, conducted to assess further the effects of multiple ratios, provided data similar to those of Exp. I and II.

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