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. 2011 Apr 7;9(4):2105. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2011.2105

Scientific Opinion on Campylobacter in broiler meat production: control options and performance objectives and/or targets at different stages of the food chain

EFSA Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ)
PMCID: PMC13129689  PMID: 42078736

Abstract

It is estimated that there are approximately nine million cases of human campylobacteriosis per year in the EU27. The disease burden of campylobacteriosis and its sequelae is 0.35 million disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) per year and total annual costs are 2.4 billion €. Broiler meat may account for 20% to 30% of these, while 50% to 80% may be attributed to the chicken reservoir as a whole (broilers as well as laying hens). The public health benefits of controlling Campylobacter in primary broiler production are expected to be greater than control later in the chain as the bacteria may also spread from farms to humans by other pathways than broiler meat. Strict implementation of biosecurity in primary production and GMP/HACCP during slaughter may reduce colonization of broilers with Campylobacter, and contamination of carcasses. The effects cannot be quantified because they depend on many interrelated local factors. In addition, the use of fly screens, restriction of slaughter age, or discontinued thinning may further reduce consumer risks but have not yet been tested widely. After slaughter, a 100% risk reduction can be reached by irradiation or cooking of broiler meat on an industrial scale. More than 90% risk reduction can be obtained by freezing carcasses for 2–3 weeks. A 50–90% risk reduction can be achieved by freezing for 2–3 days, hot water or chemical carcass decontamination. Achieving a target of 25% or 5% BFP in all other MS is estimated to result in 50% and 90% reduction of public health risk, respectively. A public health risk reduction > 50% or > 90% could be achieved if all batches would comply with microbiological criteria with a critical limit of 1000 or 500 CFU/gram of neck and breast skin, respectively, while 15% and 45% of all tested batches would not comply with these criteria.

Keywords: Broiler meat, Campylobacter, campylobacteriosis, control, microbiological criteria, QMRA, targets

EFSA Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ) ; Scientific Opinion on Campylobacter in broiler meat production: control options and performance objectives and/or targets at different stages of the food chain. EFSA Journal 2011;9(4):2105. [141 pp.]. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2011.2105.

Panel members: Olivier Andreoletti, Herbert Budka, Sava Buncic, John D Collins, John Griffin, Tine Hald, Arie Havelaar, James Hope, Günter Klein, James McLauchlin, Christine Müller‐Graf, Christophe Nguyen‐The, Birgit Noerrung, Luisa Peixe, Miguel Prieto Maradona, Antonia Ricci, John Sofos, John Threlfall, Ivar Vågsholm and Emmanuel Vanopdenbosch

Correspondence: biohaz@efsa.europa.eu

Acknowledgement: The Panel wishes to thank the members of the Working Group on Campylobacter on broiler meat: control options and performance objectives and/or targets for the preparatory work on this scientific opinion: Paolo Calistri, Pierre Colin, Janet Corry, Arie Havelaar, Merete Hofshagen, Günter Klein, Maarten Nauta, Diane Newell, Hanne Rosenquist, Moez Sanaa, John Sofos, Mieke Uyttendaele and Jaap Wagenaar, and EFSA staff Michaela Hempen, Pietro Stella, Winy Messens and Pablo Romero Barrios for the support provided to this EFSA scientific opinion.

Adoption date: 10 March 2011

Published date: 7 April 2011

Question number: EFSA‐Q‐2009‐00233

On request from: European Commission

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