Skip to main content
The British Journal of General Practice logoLink to The British Journal of General Practice
. 2004 Feb;54(499):83–85.

Post-traumatic stress disorder: a challenge for primary care--misunderstood and incognito.

Larry Rosenbaum
PMCID: PMC1314798  PMID: 14965384

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (29.2 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Brady K. T., Killeen T. K., Brewerton T., Lucerini S. Comorbidity of psychiatric disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2000;61 (Suppl 7):22–32. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Creamer M., Burgess P., McFarlane A. C. Post-traumatic stress disorder: findings from the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Well-being. Psychol Med. 2001 Oct;31(7):1237–1247. doi: 10.1017/s0033291701004287. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Deykin E. Y., Keane T. M., Kaloupek D., Fincke G., Rothendler J., Siegfried M., Creamer K. Posttraumatic stress disorder and the use of health services. Psychosom Med. 2001 Sep-Oct;63(5):835–841. doi: 10.1097/00006842-200109000-00018. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Dickinson L. M., deGruy F. V., 3rd, Dickinson W. P., Candib L. M. Complex posttraumatic stress disorder: evidence from the primary care setting. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1998 Jul;20(4):214–224. doi: 10.1016/s0163-8343(98)00021-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Ernst E., Cassileth B. R. The prevalence of complementary/alternative medicine in cancer: a systematic review. Cancer. 1998 Aug 15;83(4):777–782. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19980815)83:4<777::aid-cncr22>3.0.co;2-o. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Ernst E. Prevalence of use of complementary/alternative medicine: a systematic review. Bull World Health Organ. 2000;78(2):252–257. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gauvin Charis Lucy, Wilson Ian G. Post-traumatic stress disorder in a group of Australian general practices. Aust Fam Physician. 2002 Nov;31(11):1049–1051. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Kaltman Stacey, Bonanno George A. Trauma and bereavement: examining the impact of sudden and violent deaths. J Anxiety Disord. 2003;17(2):131–147. doi: 10.1016/s0887-6185(02)00184-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Keane T. M., Kaloupek D. G. Comorbid psychiatric disorders in PTSD. Implications for research. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1997 Jun 21;821:24–34. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb48266.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Kessler R. C. Posttraumatic stress disorder: the burden to the individual and to society. J Clin Psychiatry. 2000;61 (Suppl 5):4–14. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kessler R. C., Sonnega A., Bromet E., Hughes M., Nelson C. B. Posttraumatic stress disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1995 Dec;52(12):1048–1060. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1995.03950240066012. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Landolt Markus A., Ribi Karin, Laimbacher Joseph, Vollrath Margarete, Gnehm Hanspeter E., Sennhauser Felix H. Posttraumatic stress disorder in parents of children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. J Pediatr Psychol. 2002 Oct-Nov;27(7):647–652. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/27.7.647. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Líndal E., Stefánsson J. G. The lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders in Iceland as estimated by the US National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1993 Jul;88(1):29–34. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03410.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. McNally Richard J. Progress and controversy in the study of posttraumatic stress disorder. Annu Rev Psychol. 2002 Jun 10;54:229–252. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145112. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Mcquaid J. R., Pedrelli P., McCahill M. E., Stein M. B. Reported trauma, post-traumatic stress disorder and major depression among primary care patients. Psychol Med. 2001 Oct;31(7):1249–1257. doi: 10.1017/s0033291701004202. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Meisel Christian, Johne Andreas, Roots Ivar. Fatal intracerebral mass bleeding associated with Ginkgo biloba and ibuprofen. Atherosclerosis. 2003 Apr;167(2):367–367. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9150(03)00015-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Miller J. L. Post-traumatic stress disorder in primary care practice. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2000 Nov;12(11):475–485. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-7599.2000.tb00159.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Moreau Charles, Zisook Sidney. Rationale for a posttraumatic stress spectrum disorder. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2002 Dec;25(4):775–790. doi: 10.1016/s0193-953x(02)00019-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Perkonigg A., Kessler R. C., Storz S., Wittchen H. U. Traumatic events and post-traumatic stress disorder in the community: prevalence, risk factors and comorbidity. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2000 Jan;101(1):46–59. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0447.2000.101001046.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Samanta Ash, Samanta Jo. Legal standard of care: a shift from the traditional Bolam test. Clin Med (Lond) 2003 Sep-Oct;3(5):443–446. doi: 10.7861/clinmedicine.3-5-443. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Samson A. Y., Bensen S., Beck A., Price D., Nimmer C. Posttraumatic stress disorder in primary care. J Fam Pract. 1999 Mar;48(3):222–227. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Spitzer R. L., Kroenke K., Williams J. B. Validation and utility of a self-report version of PRIME-MD: the PHQ primary care study. Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders. Patient Health Questionnaire. JAMA. 1999 Nov 10;282(18):1737–1744. doi: 10.1001/jama.282.18.1737. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Stein M. B., McQuaid J. R., Pedrelli P., Lenox R., McCahill M. E. Posttraumatic stress disorder in the primary care medical setting. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2000 Jul-Aug;22(4):261–269. doi: 10.1016/s0163-8343(00)00080-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Taubman-Ben-Ari O., Rabinowitz J., Feldman D., Vaturi R. Post-traumatic stress disorder in primary-care settings: prevalence and physicians' detection. Psychol Med. 2001 Apr;31(3):555–560. doi: 10.1017/s0033291701003658. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Thomas K. J., Coleman P., Nicholl J. P. Trends in access to complementary or alternative medicines via primary care in England: 1995-2001 results from a follow-up national survey. Fam Pract. 2003 Oct;20(5):575–577. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmg514. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Thomas K. J., Nicholl J. P., Fall M. Access to complementary medicine via general practice. Br J Gen Pract. 2001 Jan;51(462):25–30. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Yehuda R., McFarlane A. C. Conflict between current knowledge about posttraumatic stress disorder and its original conceptual basis. Am J Psychiatry. 1995 Dec;152(12):1705–1713. doi: 10.1176/ajp.152.12.1705. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Zayfert Claudia, Becker Carolyn B., Unger Danielle L., Shearer Deirdre K. Comorbid anxiety disorders in civilians seeking treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder. J Trauma Stress. 2002 Feb;15(1):31–38. doi: 10.1023/A:1014379127240. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Zisook S., Chentsova-Dutton Y., Shuchter S. R. PTSD following bereavement. Ann Clin Psychiatry. 1998 Dec;10(4):157–163. doi: 10.1023/a:1022342028750. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The British Journal of General Practice are provided here courtesy of Royal College of General Practitioners

RESOURCES