Nabil E Omar
Nabil E Omar
1Pharmacy Department, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
2Clinical and Population Health Research Program, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing
1,2,*,
Shereen Elazzazy
Shereen Elazzazy
1Pharmacy Department, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
3College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
1,3,
Anas Hamad
Anas Hamad
1Pharmacy Department, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
3College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
1,3,
Mohamed Omar Saad
Mohamed Omar Saad
4Pharmacy Department, Al Wakra Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
4,
Aya Alasmar
Aya Alasmar
1Pharmacy Department, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
1,
Sahar M Nasser
Sahar M Nasser
1Pharmacy Department, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
1,
Maria Benkhadra
Maria Benkhadra
1Pharmacy Department, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
1,
Hebatalla M Afifi
Hebatalla M Afifi
1Pharmacy Department, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
1,
Farah I Jibril
Farah I Jibril
1Pharmacy Department, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
1,
Rawan A Dawoud
Rawan A Dawoud
1Pharmacy Department, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
1,
Mohamed S Hamid
Mohamed S Hamid
5Medical Oncology Department, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
5,
Afnan Alnajjar
Afnan Alnajjar
1Pharmacy Department, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
1,
Arwa O Sahal
Arwa O Sahal
1Pharmacy Department, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
1,
Amaal Gulied
Amaal Gulied
1Pharmacy Department, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
1,
Hazem Elewa
Hazem Elewa
3College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
3,*
1Pharmacy Department, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
2Clinical and Population Health Research Program, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
3College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
4Pharmacy Department, Al Wakra Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
5Medical Oncology Department, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
*Correspondence: Nabil E. Omar, nabilelhady@gmail.com
Roles
Nabil E Omar: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing
Received 2026 Jun 7; Revised 2026 Jun 10; Accepted 2026 Jun 10; Collection date 2026.
Keywords: immune checkpoint inhibitors, immune-related adverse events, real-world data, cancer immunotherapy, biomarkers, progression-free survival, overall survival
Copyright © 2026 Omar, Elazzazy, Hamad, Saad, Alasmar, Nasser, Benkhadra, Afifi, Jibril, Dawoud, Hamid, Alnajjar, Sahal, Gulied and Elewa.
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.