aFolkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
bInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland and Research Program of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
cNovo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
dInstitute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
eGerman Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany
fInstitute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Finland
gA.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
hBiostatistics and Data Analysis Core Facility (BIOS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
iDepartment of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
jClinical Research Unit, Cancer Centrum, Region Vasterbotten, Umea University Hospital, Umea, Sweden
kDepartment of Clinical Science, Mohn Center for Diabetes Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
lDepartment of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
mInstitute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
nInstitute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology (IBE), Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany
oGerman Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner München-Neuherberg, Neuherberg, Germany
pGerman Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
qCenter for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
rDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
sDepartment of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, HUNT Center for Molecular and Clinical Epidemiology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
tDepartment of Endocrinology, Clinic of Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
uDepartment of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
vHelsinki University Hospital, Abdominal Centre, Endocrinology, Helsinki, Finland
∗Corresponding author. Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland and Research Program of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. liisa.hakaste@hus.filiisa.hakaste@helsinki.fi
∗∗Corresponding author. emma.ahlqvist@med.lu.se
∗∗∗Corresponding author. Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland. tiinamaija.tuomi@hus.fi
wThese authors share senior authorship.