Abstract
Human umbilical cord veins treated with various concentrations of glutaraldehyde (GA) and ethanol (ET) were used to replace short segments of the infrarenal abdominal artery in 40 dogs. The patency rates were 62.5% (5/8) in Group I; tanned with 1% GA for 24 hours and preserved in the same solution 87.5% (7/8) in Group II; tanned with 1% GA for 24 hours and preserved in 50% ethanol, 100% (8/8) in Group III; tanned in the same manner as Group II, but preserved in 70% ET; 87.5% (7/8) in Group IV; tanned with 0.5% GA for 24 hours and preserved in 50% ET, and 87.5% (7/8) in Group V; tanned as in Group IV but preserved in 70% ET when examined 14 days to 6 months after implantation. Angiographically, most of the anastomotic lines gradually contracted with the lapse of time because of excessive proliferation of connective tissue into the intraluminal surfaces, although the structural integrity of the graft was well preserved. Microscopically, the irregular fibrin membrane covering the entire inner surface of the graft became smoother and thinner with the lapse of time. The pannus increased gradually both in thickness and width. Scanning electron-micrography of the graft revealed that no endothelial cells were found more than 5 mm from the suture lines even 6 months after implantation. Antigenicity of the graft using a complement-dependent cytotoxicity test was effectively suppressed with glutaraldehyde regardless of whether its concentration was 0.5% or 1.0%. Although human umbilical cord vein tanned with 0.5% glutaraldehyde and preserved in 50% ethanol until used was considered to be useful as an arterial substitute, final conclusion could not be drawn since six grafts followed for six months, the longest follow-up, were stenotic.
Full text
PDF
Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Dardik H. D., Ibrahim I. M., Sprayregen S., Dardik I. I. Clinical experience with modified human umbilical cord vein for arterial bypass. Surgery. 1976 Jun;79(6):618–624. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dardik H., Ibrahim I. M., Dardik I. Evaluation of glutaraldehyde-tanned human umbilical cord vein as a vascular prosthesis for bypass to the popliteal, tibial, and peroneal arteries. Surgery. 1978 May;83(5):577–588. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dardik H., Ibrahim I. M., Dardik I. Modified and unmodified umbilical vein allografts and xenografts as arterial substitutes: morphologic assessment. Surg Forum. 1975;26:286–287. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dardik I. I., Dardik H. The fate of human umbilical cord vessels used as interposition arterial grafts in the baboon. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1975 Apr;140(4):567–571. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- De Falco R. J. Immunologic studies of untreated and chemically modified bovine carotid arteries. J Surg Res. 1970 Feb;10(2):95–100. doi: 10.1016/0022-4804(70)90016-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dillon M. L., Scott S. M., Vasquez M. D., Postlethwait R. W., Dart C. H. Tissue response to an arterial substitute of bovine origin. Arch Surg. 1972 Oct;105(4):577–581. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.1972.04180100026008. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mattila S. P., Fogarty T. J. Antigenicity of vascular heterografts. J Surg Res. 1973 Aug;15(2):81–86. doi: 10.1016/0022-4804(73)90146-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mindich B., Silverman M., Elguezabel A., Flores L., Sheka R. P., Levowitz B. S. Human umbilical cord vein for vascular replacement: preliminary report and observations. Surgery. 1977 Feb;81(2):152–160. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Oblath R. W., Buckley F. O., Jr, Donnelly W. A., Green R. M., Deweese J. A. Human umbilical veins and autogenous veins as canine arterial bypass grafts. Ann Surg. 1978 Aug;188(2):158–161. doi: 10.1097/00000658-197808000-00005. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sauvage L. R., Berger K., Beilin L. B., Smith J. C., Wood S. J., Mansfield P. B. Presence of endothelium in an axillary-femoral graft of knitted Dacron with an external velour surface. Ann Surg. 1975 Dec;182(6):749–753. doi: 10.1097/00000658-197512000-00017. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Szilagyi D. E., Smith R. F., Elliott J. P., Allen H. M. Long-term behavior of a dacron arterial substitute: clinical, roentgenologic and histologic correlations. Ann Surg. 1965 Sep;162(3):453–477. doi: 10.1097/00000658-196509000-00015. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]