Abstract
For 12 hours, excess hydrofluorosilicic acid was diverted to a 127-home community water supply. Fluoride levels peaked at 51 parts per million (ppm). Water acidification caused copper to leach from the domestic plumbing; raising copper levels to 25-41 ppm. Fifty-two (33 per cent) of those who drank hyperfluoridated water developed mild gastroenteritis. Vomiting was uncommon and symptom onsets usually occurred greater than 30 minutes after drinking water; suggesting that fluoride, rather than copper, caused illness. Skin contact with hyperfluoridated water caused itching and skin rashes.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Burke W. J., Hoegg U. R., Phillips R. E. Systemic fluoride poisoning resulting from a fluoride skin burn. J Occup Med. 1973 Jan;15(1):39–41. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- HOPPER S. H., ADAMS H. S. Copper poisoning from vending machines. Public Health Rep. 1958 Oct;73(10):910–914. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hoffman R., Mann J., Calderone J., Trumbull J., Burkhart M. Acute fluoride poisoning in a New Mexico elementary school. Pediatrics. 1980 May;65(5):897–900. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nicholas P. O. Food-poisoning due to copper in the morning tea. Lancet. 1968 Jul 6;2(7558):40–42. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(68)92905-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- SEMPLE A. B., PARRY W. H., PHILLIPS D. E. Acute copper poisoning. An outbreak traced to contaminated water from a corroded geyser. Lancet. 1960 Sep 24;2(7152):700–701. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(60)91770-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Spoerke D. G., Bennett D. L., Gullekson D. J. Toxicity related to acute low dose sodium fluoride ingestions. J Fam Pract. 1980 Jan;10(1):139–140. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]