Table 1.

Basic structural properties of the four CPRS and the OWN models used.

Property	HOK	MIZ	PUM	SAU	OWN
	Hoka Rocket X2	Mizuno Wave Rebellion Pro	Puma Fast-R Nitro Elite	Saucony Endorphin Pro 3
Release year1	2023	2023	2022	2022	2019–2022
Mass (men US 9.5)*	219 g	218 g	231 g	210 g	220–335 g
Mass (women US 8.5)*	200 g	192 g	202 g	186 g	188–266 g
Heel drop1	5.0 mm	4.5 mm	7.5 mm	8.0 mm	4.0–10.0 mm
Midsole foam1	PEBA foam	‘Mizuno Enerzy Lite/Lite+’ the latter being PEBA foam	forefoot PEBA foam, heel EVA foam	‘PWRRUNPB’ PEBA foam
Carbon plate1	Carbon plate between two layers of foam	Carbon-infused nylon plate (70% nylon, 30% carbon)	Carbon plate named ‘PWRPLATE’	S-shaped carbon plate
Upper material1	Synthetic mesh	Knitted polyester from elastic thread	Transparent monomesh	Thin, breathable mesh

* measured in our laboratory; ¹ data taken from Ref. (28) for HOK, from Ref (29, 30). for MIZ, from Ref (31). for PUM, and from Ref (32). for SAU. The masses shown for OWN represent the average masses as weighed for the cohort of test subjects.