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. 2026 Sep 30. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1039/d6na00437g

Table 1. Comparison of sensitivity with previously reported FAP detection methods.

Material Amplification strategy Time (min) Linear range (ng mL−1) LOD (ng mL−1) Ref.
Enzyme Enzyme-activated 120 0–15000 15 38
Sulfo-OHDF Enzyme-activated 180 50–300 1.59 39
Enzyme Enzyme-activated 40 50–350 1.47 40
Enzyme Self-immolative 90 0–1500 24 41
DCIP-Biotin Enzyme activation 120 0–1000 6.76 42
UCNP/DNA NIR/CHA 90 0.5–6 0.384 This work