Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Immunology logoLink to Immunology
. 1997 Sep;92(1):146–152. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2567.1997.00315.x

Identification of specific recognition molecules on murine mononuclear phagocytes and B lymphocytes for Vi capsular polysaccharide: modulation of MHC class II expression on stimulation with the polysaccharide.

A Qadri 1
PMCID: PMC1363994  PMID: 9370937

Abstract

Vi bacterial polysaccharide is a homopolymer of alpha 1-4 N-acetyl polygalacturonic acid with variable O-acetylation at position C-3 and forms a capsule around many bacteria. It has been referred to as the virulence factor of Salmonella typhi and is also a candidate vaccine against typhoid fever. The present study reports the interaction of this polysaccharide with murine mononuclear phagocytes and lymphocytes, and with human monocytes. Vi showed a dose-dependent binding to the murine monocyte cell lines WEHI-274.1 and J774. This binding was abrogated if the polysaccharide was deacetylated, suggesting involvement of acetyl groups in this interaction. Vi also bound to the murine B-cell lymphoma line A20, to peritoneal exudate cells and to a lesser degree to spleen cells and thymocytes from BALB/c mice. The polysaccharide also interacted with the human histiocytic lymphoma line U937 but not with the human monocyte cell line THP-1. Stimulation with Vi led to up-regulation of surface major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II expression on A20 cells. Immunoprecipitation of Vi-bound molecules from cell surface biotinylated A20 and WEHI-274.1 revealed two bands with MW of about 32,000 and 36,000. The study demonstrates that Vi capsular polysaccharide can interact with mononuclear phagocytes and lymphocytes through specific cell surface molecules and modulate MHC class II expression.

Full text

PDF
146

Images in this article

151Figure 5
on p.151

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Acharya I. L., Lowe C. U., Thapa R., Gurubacharya V. L., Shrestha M. B., Cadoz M., Schulz D., Armand J., Bryla D. A., Trollfors B. Prevention of typhoid fever in Nepal with the Vi capsular polysaccharide of Salmonella typhi. A preliminary report. N Engl J Med. 1987 Oct 29;317(18):1101–1104. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198710293171801. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. BAKER E. E., WHITESIDE R. E., BASCH R., DEROW M. A. The VI antigens of the Enterobacteriaceae. I. Purification and chemical properties. J Immunol. 1959 Dec;83:680–696. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Czop J. K., Kay J. Isolation and characterization of beta-glucan receptors on human mononuclear phagocytes. J Exp Med. 1991 Jun 1;173(6):1511–1520. doi: 10.1084/jem.173.6.1511. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Daniels E. M., Schneerson R., Egan W. M., Szu S. C., Robbins J. B. Characterization of the Salmonella paratyphi C Vi polysaccharide. Infect Immun. 1989 Oct;57(10):3159–3164. doi: 10.1128/iai.57.10.3159-3164.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Espevik T., Otterlei M., Skjåk-Braek G., Ryan L., Wright S. D., Sundan A. The involvement of CD14 in stimulation of cytokine production by uronic acid polymers. Eur J Immunol. 1993 Jan;23(1):255–261. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830230140. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Hornick R. B., Greisman S. E., Woodward T. E., DuPont H. L., Dawkins A. T., Snyder M. J. Typhoid fever: pathogenesis and immunologic control. 2. N Engl J Med. 1970 Oct 1;283(14):739–746. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197010012831406. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Hornick R. B., Greisman S. E., Woodward T. E., DuPont H. L., Dawkins A. T., Snyder M. J. Typhoid fever: pathogenesis and immunologic control. N Engl J Med. 1970 Sep 24;283(13):686–691. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197009242831306. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Klugman K. P., Gilbertson I. T., Koornhof H. J., Robbins J. B., Schneerson R., Schulz D., Cadoz M., Armand J. Protective activity of Vi capsular polysaccharide vaccine against typhoid fever. Lancet. 1987 Nov 21;2(8569):1165–1169. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(87)91316-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Meier T., Arni S., Malarkannan S., Poincelet M., Hoessli D. Immunodetection of biotinylated lymphocyte-surface proteins by enhanced chemiluminescence: a nonradioactive method for cell-surface protein analysis. Anal Biochem. 1992 Jul;204(1):220–226. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(92)90165-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Pugin J., Heumann I. D., Tomasz A., Kravchenko V. V., Akamatsu Y., Nishijima M., Glauser M. P., Tobias P. S., Ulevitch R. J. CD14 is a pattern recognition receptor. Immunity. 1994 Sep;1(6):509–516. doi: 10.1016/1074-7613(94)90093-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Qadri A., Ghosh S., Talwar G. P. Monoclonal antibodies against two discrete determinants on Vi capsular polysaccharide. J Immunoassay. 1990;11(2):235–250. doi: 10.1080/01971529008053271. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Rajagopalan P., Kumar R., Malaviya A. N. Immunological studies in typhoid fever. II. Cell-mediated immune responses and lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with typhoid fever. Clin Exp Immunol. 1982 Feb;47(2):269–274. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Schumann R. R., Leong S. R., Flaggs G. W., Gray P. W., Wright S. D., Mathison J. C., Tobias P. S., Ulevitch R. J. Structure and function of lipopolysaccharide binding protein. Science. 1990 Sep 21;249(4975):1429–1431. doi: 10.1126/science.2402637. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Sundström C., Nilsson K. Establishment and characterization of a human histiocytic lymphoma cell line (U-937). Int J Cancer. 1976 May 15;17(5):565–577. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910170504. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Szewczyk B., Taylor A. Immunochemical properties of Vi antigen from Salmonella typhi Ty2: presence of two antigenic determinants. Infect Immun. 1980 Aug;29(2):539–544. doi: 10.1128/iai.29.2.539-544.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Sztein M. B., Tanner M. K., Polotsky Y., Orenstein J. M., Levine M. M. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes after oral immunization with attenuated vaccine strains of Salmonella typhi in humans. J Immunol. 1995 Oct 15;155(8):3987–3993. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Szu S. C., Li X. R., Stone A. L., Robbins J. B. Relation between structure and immunologic properties of the Vi capsular polysaccharide. Infect Immun. 1991 Dec;59(12):4555–4561. doi: 10.1128/iai.59.12.4555-4561.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Szu S. C., Stone A. L., Robbins J. D., Schneerson R., Robbins J. B. Vi capsular polysaccharide-protein conjugates for prevention of typhoid fever. Preparation, characterization, and immunogenicity in laboratory animals. J Exp Med. 1987 Nov 1;166(5):1510–1524. doi: 10.1084/jem.166.5.1510. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Wright S. D., Ramos R. A., Tobias P. S., Ulevitch R. J., Mathison J. C. CD14, a receptor for complexes of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS binding protein. Science. 1990 Sep 21;249(4975):1431–1433. doi: 10.1126/science.1698311. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Immunology are provided here courtesy of British Society for Immunology

RESOURCES