Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of cough related to enalapril was assessed by spontaneous reporting and a visual analogue scale during a 6 month random double-blind parallel-group study comparing enalapril with nifedipine. Cough was reported spontaneously by 6.2% of enalapril-treated patients, and by none on nifedipine (NS). No patient had to discontinue enalapril because of cough. After 24 weeks treatment increases in visual analogue scale scores for cough frequency greater than or equal to 8 mm were more common for enalapril than nifedipine (difference 21.5%, 95% CI 7.3-35.7%). Increased cough frequency by visual analogue scale was present throughout the study in women, but less consistently in men. High scores for cough were not related to the dose of enalapril. Cough with enalapril was not an important problem during the 6 months of treatment. However increased cough frequency could be detected by visual analogue scale, with a frequency consistent with that observed in open clinic-based studies of longer duration. These findings suggest that ACE inhibitor-induced cough may increase in severity over time, and that even a period of 6 months treatment is too short to evaluate this side-effect adequately.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Berkin K. E., Ball S. G. Cough and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1988 May 7;296(6632):1279–1279. doi: 10.1136/bmj.296.6632.1279. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Coulter D. M., Edwards I. R. Cough associated with captopril and enalapril. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 1987 Jun 13;294(6586):1521–1523. doi: 10.1136/bmj.294.6586.1521. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gibson G. R. Enalapril-induced cough. Arch Intern Med. 1989 Dec;149(12):2701–2703. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hood S., Nicholls M. G., Gilchrist N. L. Cough with angiotensin converting-enzyme inhibitors. N Z Med J. 1987 Jan 28;100(816):6–7. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Just P. M. The positive association of cough with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Pharmacotherapy. 1989;9(2):82–87. doi: 10.1002/j.1875-9114.1989.tb04107.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Maclean D., Ramsay L. E., Richardson P. J. Enalapril and nifedipine in the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension: a 6 month comparison. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1990 Aug;30(2):203–211. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1990.tb03766.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Strocchi E., Valtancoli G., Ambrosioni E. The incidence of cough during treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. J Hypertens Suppl. 1989 Dec;7(6):S308–S309. doi: 10.1097/00004872-198900076-00150. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Town G. I., Hallwright G. P., Maling T. J., O'Donnell T. V. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and cough. N Z Med J. 1987 Mar 25;100(820):161–163. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Yeo W. W., Ramsay L. E. Persistent dry cough with enalapril: incidence depends on method used. J Hum Hypertens. 1990 Oct;4(5):517–520. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]