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. 1989;27(Suppl 2):289S–296S. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1989.tb03494.x

Antihypertensive effects of nitrendipine and cilazapril alone, and in combination in hypertensive patients with chronic renal failure

H J Kloke, F Th M Huysmans, J F M Wetzels, H E Sluiter, C H Kleinbloesem, R A P Koene
PMCID: PMC1379760  PMID: 2527541

Abstract

1 It has been reported that calcium antagonists lower blood pressure more effectively in salt replete hypertensive patients with a low plasma renin activity (PRA), whereas angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are more effective in salt depleted patients with a high level of PRA. An inverse relationship between the antihypertensive effects of these two groups of drugs might therefore be expected.

2 Since salt retention and inappropriately high levels of PRA are said to contribute to hypertension in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), an additive antihypertensive effect with both drugs might also be expected in such patients.

3 To test these hypotheses, we investigated the acute and chronic antihypertensive effects of the calcium antagonist nitrendipine and the new ACE inhibitor cilazapril, given alone, and in combination, in a double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled study of 11 hypertensive patients with chronic renal failure who had a mean pretreatment blood pressure of 149 ± 3/96 ± 2 mm Hg. Patients received nitrendipine 10 mg, cilazapril 1.25 or 2.5 mg depending on creatinine clearance, or placebo once daily orally. Nitrendipine and cilazapril were also combined at the same doses.

4 Nitrendipine and cilazapril were equally effective, with a maximal acute reduction of mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 5.3 ± 1.8% and 8.0 ± 1.9%, and after 1 week of treatment 5.0 ± 2.4% and 8.1 ± 1.8%, respectively. In individual patients no inverse relationship between the blood pressure responses to the two drugs was found.

5 The combination of both drugs induced larger maximal reductions of blood pressure than either drug alone, being 12.0 ± 1.8% acutely and 12.3 ± 2.0% after 1 week of treatment, respectively.

6 In conclusion, in most hypertensive patients with CRF nitrendipine and cilazapril are equally effective antihypertensive agents. The combination was more effective than either drug alone.

Keywords: cilazapril, nitrendipine, hypertension, renal failure, angiotensin, converting enzyme

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Selected References

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