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. 1997 Feb;87(2):186–191. doi: 10.2105/ajph.87.2.186

Identifying areas with vitamin A deficiency: the validity of a semiquantitative food frequency method.

N L Sloan 1, D Rosen 1, T de la Paz 1, M Arita 1, C Temalilwa 1, N W Solomons 1
PMCID: PMC1380792  PMID: 9103095

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of vitamin A deficiency has traditionally been assessed through xerophthalmia or biochemical surveys. The cost and complexity of implementing these methods limits the ability of nonresearch organizations to identify vitamin A deficiency. This study examined the validity of a simple, inexpensive food frequency method to identify areas with a high prevalence of vitamin A deficiency. METHODS: The validity of the method was tested in 15 communities, 5 each from the Philippines, Guatemala, and Tanzania. Serum retinol concentrations of less than 20 micrograms/dL defined vitamin A deficiency. RESULTS: Weighted measures of vitamin A intake six or fewer times per week and unweighted measures of consumption of animal sources of vitamin A four or fewer times per week correctly classified seven of eight communities as having a high prevalence of vitamin A deficiency (i.e., 15% or more preschool-aged children in the community had the deficiency) (sensitivity = 87.5%) and four of seven communities as having a low prevalence (specificity = 57.1%). CONCLUSIONS: This method correctly classified the vitamin A deficiency status of 73.3% of the communities but demonstrated a high false-positive rate (42.9%).

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Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

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