Skip to main content
PMC home page
Immunology logoLink to Immunology
. 1990 Aug;70(4):540–546.

Anti-viral immunity induced by recombinant nucleoprotein of influenza A virus. III. Delivery of recombinant nucleoprotein to the immune system using attenuated Salmonella typhimurium as a live carrier.

J P Tite 1, X M Gao 1, C M Hughes-Jenkins 1, M Lipscombe 1, D O'Callaghan 1, G Dougan 1, F Y Liew 1
PMCID: PMC1384261  PMID: 2168340

Abstract

A plasmid encoding the influenza nucleoprotein gene from A/NT/60/68 virus was transduced into the attenuated Salmonella typhimurium aroA- strain SL3261. The bacterial vector expressing the viral gene product was able to induce both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to the nucleoprotein antigen. CD4+ virus-specific T cells capable of proliferation were readily induced and, in some circumstances, class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted cytotoxicity was detected. However, virus-specific class I MHC-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) were not detected after such immunization. Mice immunized orally with the nucleoprotein-expressing bacteria mounted a strong anti-viral antibody response and spleen cells from such mice proliferated specifically to virus challenge in vitro, producing interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-2 (IL-2). Orally immunized mice showed significant protection from challenge infection with influenza virus if the mice were also boosted intranasally before infection.

Full text

PDF
540

Images in this article

542Figure 1
on p.542

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Andrew M. E., Coupar B. E., Boyle D. B., Ada G. L. The roles of influenza virus haemagglutinin and nucleoprotein in protection: analysis using vaccinia virus recombinants. Scand J Immunol. 1987 Jan;25(1):21–28. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.1987.tb01042.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Brown A., Hormaeche C. E., Demarco de Hormaeche R., Winther M., Dougan G., Maskell D. J., Stocker B. A. An attenuated aroA Salmonella typhimurium vaccine elicits humoral and cellular immunity to cloned beta-galactosidase in mice. J Infect Dis. 1987 Jan;155(1):86–92. doi: 10.1093/infdis/155.1.86. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Carrol M. E., Jackett P. S., Aber V. R., Lowrie D. B. Phagolysosome formation, cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate and the fate of Salmonella typhimurium within mouse peritoneal macrophages. J Gen Microbiol. 1979 Feb;110(2):421–429. doi: 10.1099/00221287-110-2-421. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Cobbold S. P., Jayasuriya A., Nash A., Prospero T. D., Waldmann H. Therapy with monoclonal antibodies by elimination of T-cell subsets in vivo. Nature. 1984 Dec 6;312(5994):548–551. doi: 10.1038/312548a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Dialynas D. P., Wilde D. B., Marrack P., Pierres A., Wall K. A., Havran W., Otten G., Loken M. R., Pierres M., Kappler J. Characterization of the murine antigenic determinant, designated L3T4a, recognized by monoclonal antibody GK1.5: expression of L3T4a by functional T cell clones appears to correlate primarily with class II MHC antigen-reactivity. Immunol Rev. 1983;74:29–56. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1983.tb01083.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Dougan G., Hormaeche C. E., Maskell D. J. Live oral Salmonella vaccines: potential use of attenuated strains as carriers of heterologous antigens to the immune system. Parasite Immunol. 1987 Mar;9(2):151–160. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.1987.tb00496.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gao X. M., Liew F. Y., Tite J. P. Identification and characterization of T helper epitopes in the nucleoprotein of influenza A virus. J Immunol. 1989 Nov 1;143(9):3007–3014. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Germain R. N. Immunology. The ins and outs of antigen processing and presentation. Nature. 1986 Aug 21;322(6081):687–689. doi: 10.1038/322687a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hoiseth S. K., Stocker B. A. Aromatic-dependent Salmonella typhimurium are non-virulent and effective as live vaccines. Nature. 1981 May 21;291(5812):238–239. doi: 10.1038/291238a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Janeway C. A., Jr, Conrad P. J., Lerner E. A., Babich J., Wettstein P., Murphy D. B. Monoclonal antibodies specific for Ia glycoproteins raised by immunization with activated T cells: possible role of T cellbound Ia antigens as targets of immunoregulatory T cells. J Immunol. 1984 Feb;132(2):662–667. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Jones I. M., Brownlee G. G. Differential expression of influenza N protein and neuraminidase antigenic determinants in Escherichia coli. Gene. 1985;35(3):333–342. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(85)90012-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Killar L. M., Eisenstein T. K. Immunity to Salmonella typhimurium infection in C3H/HeJ and C3H/HeNCrlBR mice: studies with an aromatic-dependent live S. typhimurium strain as a vaccine. Infect Immun. 1985 Mar;47(3):605–612. doi: 10.1128/iai.47.3.605-612.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Leung K. N., Ada G. L. Cells mediating delayed-type hypersensitivity in the lungs of mice infected with an influenza A virus. Scand J Immunol. 1980;12(5):393–400. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.1980.tb00083.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Maskell D. J., Sweeney K. J., O'Callaghan D., Hormaeche C. E., Liew F. Y., Dougan G. Salmonella typhimurium aroA mutants as carriers of the Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit to the murine secretory and systemic immune systems. Microb Pathog. 1987 Mar;2(3):211–221. doi: 10.1016/0882-4010(87)90022-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Mestecky J. The common mucosal immune system and current strategies for induction of immune responses in external secretions. J Clin Immunol. 1987 Jul;7(4):265–276. doi: 10.1007/BF00915547. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. O'Callaghan D., Maskell D., Liew F. Y., Easmon C. S., Dougan G. Characterization of aromatic- and purine-dependent Salmonella typhimurium: attention, persistence, and ability to induce protective immunity in BALB/c mice. Infect Immun. 1988 Feb;56(2):419–423. doi: 10.1128/iai.56.2.419-423.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Poirier T. P., Kehoe M. A., Beachey E. H. Protective immunity evoked by oral administration of attenuated aroA Salmonella typhimurium expressing cloned streptococcal M protein. J Exp Med. 1988 Jul 1;168(1):25–32. doi: 10.1084/jem.168.1.25. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Yewdell J. W., Bennink J. R., Smith G. L., Moss B. Influenza A virus nucleoprotein is a major target antigen for cross-reactive anti-influenza A virus cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Mar;82(6):1785–1789. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.6.1785. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Immunology are provided here courtesy of British Society for Immunology

RESOURCES