Abstract
Sheep and cattle were immunized with membrane antigens extracted from the midgut (GM) of the cattle tick Boophilus microplus, and antibody levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). One microgram of GM induced an antibody response in sheep comparable to that induced by 500 micrograms GM. Single or divided doses of 500 micrograms GM induced the same antibody levels in sheep over 12 weeks. Cattle vaccinated with either 500 micrograms GM in two doses or with 50 or 500 micrograms GM in three doses had significant antibody responses (P less than 0.05) and were equally protected (89%, 80% and 95%, respectively, calculated from tick egg weights) against challenge with 40,000 ticks, compared to control cattle. In another experiment, cattle vaccinated with 2.95 mg GM divided into 12 doses over 6 months had antibody levels that reached a plateau after 1.2 mg GM were administered, and were significantly protected (96%) against challenge.
Full text
PDF




Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Ackerman S., Floyd M., Sonenshine D. E. Artificial immunity to dermacentor variabilis (Acari: Ixodidae): vaccination using tick antigens. J Med Entomol. 1980 Sep 30;17(5):391–397. doi: 10.1093/jmedent/17.5.391. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Allen J. R., Humphreys S. J. Immunisation of guinea pigs and cattle against ticks. Nature. 1979 Aug 9;280(5722):491–493. doi: 10.1038/280491a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Black L., Nicholls M. J., Rweyemamu M. M., Ferrari R., Zunino M. A. Foot-and-mouth disease vaccination: a multifactorial study of the influence of antigen dose and potentially competitive immunogens on the response of cattle of different ages. Res Vet Sci. 1986 May;40(3):303–307. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brown S. J., Askenase P. W. Amblyomma americanum: physiochemical isolation of a protein derived from the tick salivary gland that is capable of inducing immune resistance in guinea pigs. Exp Parasitol. 1986 Aug;62(1):40–50. doi: 10.1016/0014-4894(86)90006-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- East I. J., Berrie D. A., Fitzgerald C. J. Oesophagostomum radiatum: successful vaccination of calves with an extract of in vitro cultured larvae. Int J Parasitol. 1988 Feb;18(1):125–127. doi: 10.1016/0020-7519(88)90047-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Johnston L. A., Kemp D. H., Pearson R. D. Immunization of cattle against Boophilus microplus using extracts derived from adult female ticks: effects of induced immunity on tick populations. Int J Parasitol. 1986 Feb;16(1):27–34. doi: 10.1016/0020-7519(86)90061-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lepper A. W., Carpenter M. T., Williams O. J., Scanlan W. A., McEwan D. R., Andrews L. G., Thomas T. R., Corner L. A. Comparison of the efficiency of two doses of bovine PPD tuberculin in single caudal fold tests on Australian cattle. Aust Vet J. 1979 Jun;55(6):251–256. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Markwell M. A., Haas S. M., Bieber L. L., Tolbert N. E. A modification of the Lowry procedure to simplify protein determination in membrane and lipoprotein samples. Anal Biochem. 1978 Jun 15;87(1):206–210. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(78)90586-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Murray M., Robinson P. B., Grierson C., Crawford R. A. Immunization against Nippostrongylus brasiliensis in the rat. A study on the use of antigen extracted from adult parasites and the parameters which influence the level of protection. Acta Trop. 1979 Dec;36(4):297–322. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Oldham G. Protection against Fasciola hepatica in rats with adult fluke antigen in Freund's adjuvant: influence of antigen batch, antigen dose and number of sensitising injections. Res Vet Sci. 1983 Mar;34(2):240–244. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Opdebeeck J. P., Norcross N. L. Antibody response in lacteal secretions of cows after immunization with various concentrations of staphylococcal and streptococcal antigens. Am J Vet Res. 1982 Oct;43(10):1770–1775. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Opdebeeck J. P., Wong J. Y., Jackson L. A., Dobson C. Hereford cattle immunized and protected against Boophilus microplus with soluble and membrane-associated antigens from the midgut of ticks. Parasite Immunol. 1988 Jul;10(4):405–410. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.1988.tb00230.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Opdebeeck J. P., Wong J. Y., Jackson L. A., Dobson C. Vaccines to protect Hereford cattle against the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus. Immunology. 1988 Mar;63(3):363–367. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Osborn P. J., Heath D. D., Roberts M. G. Vaccination of sheep against Taenia ovis. The response to various dose rates of antigens obtained by incubation of oncospheres in vitro. Res Vet Sci. 1982 May;32(3):351–353. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Playfair J. H., De Souza J. B. Vaccination of mice against malaria with soluble antigens. I. The effect of detergent, route of injection, and adjuvant. Parasite Immunol. 1986 Sep;8(5):409–414. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.1986.tb00857.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stewart N. P., Callow L. L., Duncalfe F. Biological comparisons between a laboratory-maintained and a recently isolated field strain of Boophilus microplus. J Parasitol. 1982 Aug;68(4):691–694. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sólyom F., Makàr A., Fazekas A., Roith J., Czelleng F. Immunogenicity studies of foot and mouth disease vaccines at different concentrations of antigen and saponin. Ann Rech Vet. 1980;11(1):35–44. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Willadsen P., McKenna R. V., Riding G. A. Isolation from the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus, of antigenic material capable of eliciting a protective immunological response in the bovine host. Int J Parasitol. 1988 Mar;18(2):183–189. doi: 10.1016/0020-7519(88)90059-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wong J. Y., Opdebeeck J. P. Protective efficacy of antigens solubilized from gut membranes of the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus. Immunology. 1989 Jan;66(1):149–155. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
