Abstract
Budding methylotrophic bacteria resembling Hyphomicrobium spp. were counted for 12 months in a German sewage treatment plant by most-probable-number (MPN) methods. Influent samples contained up to 2 x 10(sup4) cells ml(sup-1), activated sludge consistently contained 1 x 10(sup5) to 5 x 10(sup5) cells ml(sup-1), and the effluent contained 1 x 10(sup3) to 4 x 10(sup3) cells ml(sup-1). The receiving lake had only 2 to 12 cells ml(sup-1). Six morphological groups with different growth requirements could be observed among 1,199 pure cultures that had been isolated from MPN dilutions. With dot blot DNA hybridizations, 671 isolates were assigned to 30 hybridization groups (HGs) and 84 could not be classified. Only HG 22 hybridized with a known species, Hyphomicrobium facilis IFAM B-522. Fourteen HGs (HGs 8 to 20 and HG 22) were specific for the lake; most others occurred only in the treatment plant. HGs 1, 3, and 26 were found in the activated sludge tank throughout the year, and HGs 27 and 28 were found for most of the year. In summary, it was demonstrated that bacteria with nearly identical and specific morphologies and nutritional types showed a high level of genetic diversity, although they were isolated under the same conditions and from the same treatment plant or its receiving lake. A directional exchange of these genetically different populations was possible but less significant, as was shown by the establishment of distinct populations in specific stations.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (451.5 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Attwood M. M., Harder W. A rapid and specific enrichment procedure for Hyphomicrobium spp. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1972;38(3):369–377. doi: 10.1007/BF02328108. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- COHEN-BAZIRE G., SISTROM W. R., STANIER R. Y. Kinetic studies of pigment synthesis by non-sulfur purple bacteria. J Cell Physiol. 1957 Feb;49(1):25–68. doi: 10.1002/jcp.1030490104. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gliesche C. G., Holm N. C., Beese M., Neumann M., Völker H., Gebers R., Hirsch P. New bacteriophages active on strains of Hyphomicrobium. J Gen Microbiol. 1988 May;134(5):1339–1353. doi: 10.1099/00221287-134-5-1339. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Harder W., Attwood M. M. Biology, physiology and biochemistry of hyphomicrobia. Adv Microb Physiol. 1978;17:303–359. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2911(08)60060-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hirsch P. Budding bacteria. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1974;28(0):391–444. doi: 10.1146/annurev.mi.28.100174.002135. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Monosov E. Z., Kudinova N. L. Morfologiia i tsikl razvitiia Hyphomicrobium s vintoobraznoi prostekoi. Mikrobiologiia. 1976 Sep-Oct;45(5):806–807. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Moore R. L. The biology of Hyphomicrobium and other prosthecate, budding bacteria. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1981;35:567–594. doi: 10.1146/annurev.mi.35.100181.003031. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schlesner H., Bartels C., Sittig M., Dorsch M., Stackebrandt E. Taxonomic and phylogenetic studies on a new taxon of budding, hyphal Proteobacteria, Hirschia baltica gen. nov., sp. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol. 1990 Oct;40(4):443–451. doi: 10.1099/00207713-40-4-443. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sperl G. T., Hoare D. S. Denitrification with methanol: a selective enrichment for Hyphomicrobium species. J Bacteriol. 1971 Nov;108(2):733–736. doi: 10.1128/jb.108.2.733-736.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Staley J. T., Bont J. A., Jonge K. Prosthecobacter fusiformis nov. gen. et sp., the fusiform caulobacter. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1976;42(3):333–342. doi: 10.1007/BF00394132. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Staley J. T. Incidence of prosthecate bacteria in a polluted stream. Appl Microbiol. 1971 Oct;22(4):496–502. doi: 10.1128/am.22.4.496-502.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Staley J. T. Prosthecomicrobium and Ancalomicrobium: new prosthecate freshwater bacteria. J Bacteriol. 1968 May;95(5):1921–1942. doi: 10.1128/jb.95.5.1921-1942.1968. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stanley P. M., Ordal E. J., Staley J. T. High numbers of prosthecate bacteria in pulp mill waste aeration lagoons. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 May;37(5):1007–1011. doi: 10.1128/aem.37.5.1007-1011.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vedenina I. Ia, Govorukhina N. I. Formirovanie metilotrofnogo denitrifitsiruiushchego soobshchestva v sisteme ochistki stochnykh vod ot nitratov. Mikrobiologiia. 1988 Mar-Apr;57(2):320–328. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]