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Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior logoLink to Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
. 1963 Jul;6(3):357–359. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1963.6-357

Free-operant avoidance conditioning in individual and paired human subjects1

Robert Ader, Ronald Tatum
PMCID: PMC1404467  PMID: 14011062

Abstract

Male, medical and graduate students were subjected to a non-discriminated avoidance regimen with shock-shock and response-shock intervals of 10 sec. Using a yoked-chair procedure it was found that acquisition of the button-pressing avoidance response was influenced by the social environment in which the conditioning occurred. There was a significantly greater number of “learners” among subjects conditioned individually than among those exposed to the conditioning procedures in the presence of a second person.

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Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. ADER R., TATUM R. Free-operant avoidance conditioning in human subjects. J Exp Anal Behav. 1961 Jul;4:275–276. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1961.4-275. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
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