Skip to main content
American Journal of Public Health logoLink to American Journal of Public Health
. 1990 Mar;80(3):305–308. doi: 10.2105/ajph.80.3.305

Cryptosporidium infection in Oregon public health clinic patients 1985-88: the value of statewide laboratory surveillance.

M R Skeels 1, R Sokolow 1, C V Hubbard 1, J K Andrus 1, J Baisch 1
PMCID: PMC1404665  PMID: 2305910

Abstract

To evaluate the utility of statewide laboratory Cryptosporidium surveillance, we screened stools from all 5,256 patients evaluated at local health departments for parasitic disease from January 1985 through June 1988. Fifty-seven patients (1.1 percent) were found to have Cryptosporidium. Seasonal peaks in positivity were observed in the spring, summer, and early autumn months. In children, younger age was associated with higher positivity rate of cryptosporidiosis. As a result of these surveillance efforts, Oregon's first known outbreak of cryptosporidiosis was detected and investigated during 1988. Twenty-five persons were infected, including children, parents, and staff associated with two day care centers. The cost of routine screening for Cryptosporidium was $1.13 per specimen in our laboratory, and we consider it useful.

Full text

PDF
305

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Baxby D., Blundell N. Recognition and laboratory characteristics of an atypical oocyst of Cryptosporidium. J Infect Dis. 1988 Nov;158(5):1038–1045. doi: 10.1093/infdis/158.5.1038. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Baxby D., Hart C. A. The incidence of cryptosporidiosis: a two-year prospective survey in a children's hospital. J Hyg (Lond) 1986 Feb;96(1):107–111. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400062598. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Corbett-Feeney G. Cryptosporidium among children with acute diarrhoea in the west of Ireland. J Infect. 1987 Jan;14(1):79–84. doi: 10.1016/s0163-4453(87)90938-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Crawford F. G., Vermund S. H. Parasitic infections in day care centers. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1987 Aug;6(8):744–749. doi: 10.1097/00006454-198708000-00010. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. D'Antonio R. G., Winn R. E., Taylor J. P., Gustafson T. L., Current W. L., Rhodes M. M., Gary G. W., Jr, Zajac R. A. A waterborne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in normal hosts. Ann Intern Med. 1985 Dec;103(6 ):886–888. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-103-6-886. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Fayer R., Ungar B. L. Cryptosporidium spp. and cryptosporidiosis. Microbiol Rev. 1986 Dec;50(4):458–483. doi: 10.1128/mr.50.4.458-483.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gallaher M. M., Herndon J. L., Nims L. J., Sterling C. R., Grabowski D. J., Hull H. F. Cryptosporidiosis and surface water. Am J Public Health. 1989 Jan;79(1):39–42. doi: 10.2105/ajph.79.1.39. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hamoudi A. C., Qualman S. J., Marcon M. J., Hribar M., McClung H. J., Murray R. D., Cannon H. J. Do regional variations in prevalence of cryptosporidiosis occur? The central Ohio experience. Am J Public Health. 1988 Mar;78(3):273–275. doi: 10.2105/ajph.78.3.273. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hayes E. B., Matte T. D., O'Brien T. R., McKinley T. W., Logsdon G. S., Rose J. B., Ungar B. L., Word D. M., Pinsky P. F., Cummings M. L. Large community outbreak of cryptosporidiosis due to contamination of a filtered public water supply. N Engl J Med. 1989 May 25;320(21):1372–1376. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198905253202103. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Holley H. P., Jr, Dover C. Cryptosporidium: a common cause of parasitic diarrhea in otherwise healthy individuals. J Infect Dis. 1986 Feb;153(2):365–368. doi: 10.1093/infdis/153.2.365. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Isaacs D., Hunt G. H., Phillips A. D., Price E. H., Raafat F., Walker-Smith J. A. Cryptosporidiosis in immunocompetent children. J Clin Pathol. 1985 Jan;38(1):76–81. doi: 10.1136/jcp.38.1.76. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Janoff E. N., Reller L. B. Cryptosporidium species, a protean protozoan. J Clin Microbiol. 1987 Jun;25(6):967–975. doi: 10.1128/jcm.25.6.967-975.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Jokipii L., Pohjola S., Jokipii A. M. Cryptosporidium: a frequent finding in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. Lancet. 1983 Aug 13;2(8346):358–361. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(83)90341-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Madore M. S., Rose J. B., Gerba C. P., Arrowood M. J., Sterling C. R. Occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in sewage effluents and selected surface waters. J Parasitol. 1987 Aug;73(4):702–705. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. McNabb S. J., Hensel D. M., Welch D. F., Heijbel H., McKee G. L., Istre G. R. Comparison of sedimentation and flotation techniques for identification of Cryptosporidium sp. oocysts in a large outbreak of human diarrhea. J Clin Microbiol. 1985 Oct;22(4):587–589. doi: 10.1128/jcm.22.4.587-589.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Montessori G. A., Bischoff L. Cryptosporidiosis: a cause of summer diarrhea in children. Can Med Assoc J. 1985 Jun 1;132(11):1285–1285. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Musial C. E., Arrowood M. J., Sterling C. R., Gerba C. P. Detection of Cryptosporidium in water by using polypropylene cartridge filters. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1987 Apr;53(4):687–692. doi: 10.1128/aem.53.4.687-692.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Ongerth J. E., Stibbs H. H. Identification of Cryptosporidium oocysts in river water. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1987 Apr;53(4):672–676. doi: 10.1128/aem.53.4.672-676.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Skeels M. R., Sokolow R., Hubbard C. V., Foster L. R. Screening for coinfection with Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Oregon public health clinic patients. Am J Public Health. 1986 Mar;76(3):270–273. doi: 10.2105/ajph.76.3.270. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Soave R., Armstrong D. Cryptosporidium and cryptosporidiosis. Rev Infect Dis. 1986 Nov-Dec;8(6):1012–1023. doi: 10.1093/clinids/8.6.1012. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Soave R., Johnson W. D., Jr Cryptosporidium and Isospora belli infections. J Infect Dis. 1988 Feb;157(2):225–229. doi: 10.1093/infdis/157.2.225. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Taylor J. P., Perdue J. N., Dingley D., Gustafson T. L., Patterson M., Reed L. A. Cryptosporidiosis outbreak in a day-care center. Am J Dis Child. 1985 Oct;139(10):1023–1025. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1985.02140120069029. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Thomson M. A., Benson J. W., Wright P. A. Two year study of cryptosporidium infection. Arch Dis Child. 1987 Jun;62(6):559–563. doi: 10.1136/adc.62.6.559. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Tzipori S. Cryptosporidiosis and routine parasitological diagnosis. J Infect Dis. 1987 Jul;156(1):248–249. doi: 10.1093/infdis/156.1.248. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Wiedermann B. L., Kaplan S. L., Marino B. Prevalence and significance of cryptosporidiosis in children. Pediatr Infect Dis. 1985 May-Jun;4(3):292–293. doi: 10.1097/00006454-198505000-00018. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Wolfson J. S., Hopkins C. C., Weber D. J., Richter J. M., Waldron M. A., McCarthy D. M. An association between cryptosporidium and giardia in stool. N Engl J Med. 1984 Mar 22;310(12):788–788. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from American Journal of Public Health are provided here courtesy of American Public Health Association

RESOURCES