Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Immunology logoLink to Immunology
. 1987 Sep;62(1):139–144.

Do L3T4+ T cells act as effector cells in protection against influenza virus infection.

S Lightman 1, S Cobbold 1, H Waldmann 1, B A Askonas 1
PMCID: PMC1453710  PMID: 2820868

Abstract

This study aimed to analyse the roles of Lyt 2+ and L3T4+ memory T-cell subpopulations in murine influenza infection. Previous work has shown that Lyt 2+ cytotoxic T-cell (Tc) clones can adoptively transfer protection. We therefore wished to see whether L3T4+ (Th) cells could also act as protective effector cells. Donors for adoptive cell transfer were thymectomized mice, depleted in vivo of either Lyt 2+ or L3T4+ T cells with monoclonal antibodies (MAb) and then infected with influenza virus (A/X31). Primed spleen cells, after removal of the B cells, were transferred into irradiated hosts infected simultaneously or persistently with a heterologous influenza virus and the effect on lung virus replication determined. Depletion of L3T4+ T cells suppressed the formation of IgG antibodies after influenza virus infection, indicating significant depletion of T-helper function. Yet Lyt 2+ class I MHC-restricted Tc cells were effectively primed in these mice, albeit to half the normal level. Adoptive transfer of the Lyt 2+ memory T cells cleared virus in a persistent infection within 6 days. Spleen cells selected for L3T4+ T cells cleared virus within 21 days of transfer in a simultaneous infection and reduced viral titres in a persistent infection, but not as effectively as L3T4+-depleted spleen cells. Although no Lyt 2+ cells were detected by fluorescence staining in Lyt 2+-depleted spleens, we could detect low levels of class I MHC-restricted influenza-specific Tc memory cells in host spleens following influenza infection. Therefore, whether the early viral clearance is solely due to L3T4+ T cells is not clear. Lyt 2+ memory T cells appear more efficient in this respect than L3T4+ memory T cells.

Full text

PDF
139

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Braciale T. J., Yap K. L. Role of viral infectivity in the induction of influenza virus-specific cytotoxic T cells. J Exp Med. 1978 Apr 1;147(4):1236–1252. doi: 10.1084/jem.147.4.1236. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Cobbold S. P., Jayasuriya A., Nash A., Prospero T. D., Waldmann H. Therapy with monoclonal antibodies by elimination of T-cell subsets in vivo. Nature. 1984 Dec 6;312(5994):548–551. doi: 10.1038/312548a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Cobbold S., Waldmann H. Skin allograft rejection by L3/T4+ and Lyt-2+ T cell subsets. Transplantation. 1986 May;41(5):634–639. doi: 10.1097/00007890-198605000-00016. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Coutelier J. P., van der Logt J. T., Heessen F. W., Warnier G., Van Snick J. IgG2a restriction of murine antibodies elicited by viral infections. J Exp Med. 1987 Jan 1;165(1):64–69. doi: 10.1084/jem.165.1.64. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Gerhard W., Hackett C., Melchers F. The recognition specificity of a murine helper T cell for hemagglutinin of influenza virus A/PR/8/34. J Immunol. 1983 May;130(5):2379–2385. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Gillis S., Smith K. A. Long term culture of tumour-specific cytotoxic T cells. Nature. 1977 Jul 14;268(5616):154–156. doi: 10.1038/268154a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Guerne P. A., Piguet P. F., Vassalli P. Production of interleukin 2, interleukin 3, and interferon by mouse T lymphocyte clones of Lyt-2+ and -2- phenotype. J Immunol. 1984 Apr;132(4):1869–1871. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Kindred B. Immunological unresponsiveness of genetically thymusless (nude) mice. Eur J Immunol. 1971 Jan;1(1):59–61. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830010114. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Ledbetter J. A., Herzenberg L. A. Xenogeneic monoclonal antibodies to mouse lymphoid differentiation antigens. Immunol Rev. 1979;47:63–90. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1979.tb00289.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Leist T. P., Cobbold S. P., Waldmann H., Aguet M., Zinkernagel R. M. Functional analysis of T lymphocyte subsets in antiviral host defense. J Immunol. 1987 Apr 1;138(7):2278–2281. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Leung K. N., Ada G. L. Different functions of subsets of effector T cells in murine influenza virus infection. Cell Immunol. 1982 Mar 1;67(2):312–324. doi: 10.1016/0008-8749(82)90223-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Lin Y. L., Askonas B. A. Biological properties of an influenza A virus-specific killer T cell clone. Inhibition of virus replication in vivo and induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions. J Exp Med. 1981 Aug 1;154(2):225–234. doi: 10.1084/jem.154.2.225. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Lukacher A. E., Braciale V. L., Braciale T. J. In vivo effector function of influenza virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte clones is highly specific. J Exp Med. 1984 Sep 1;160(3):814–826. doi: 10.1084/jem.160.3.814. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Luzzati A. L., Jacobson E. B. Serum immunoglobulin levels in nude mice. Eur J Immunol. 1972 Oct;2(5):473–474. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830020518. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. MHC restriction of anti-viral immunity. Immunol Rev. 1981;58:1–180. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Morrison L. A., Lukacher A. E., Braciale V. L., Fan D. P., Braciale T. J. Differences in antigen presentation to MHC class I-and class II-restricted influenza virus-specific cytolytic T lymphocyte clones. J Exp Med. 1986 Apr 1;163(4):903–921. doi: 10.1084/jem.163.4.903. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Nash A. A., Jayasuriya A., Phelan J., Cobbold S. P., Waldmann H., Prospero T. Different roles for L3T4+ and Lyt 2+ T cell subsets in the control of an acute herpes simplex virus infection of the skin and nervous system. J Gen Virol. 1987 Mar;68(Pt 3):825–833. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-68-3-825. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Scherle P. A., Gerhard W. Functional analysis of influenza-specific helper T cell clones in vivo. T cells specific for internal viral proteins provide cognate help for B cell responses to hemagglutinin. J Exp Med. 1986 Oct 1;164(4):1114–1128. doi: 10.1084/jem.164.4.1114. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Skinner M. A., Finberg R. W., Ertl H. C. Regulation of cytotoxic lymphocyte precursors. II. The effect of interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma on the apparent specificity of effector cells. Cell Immunol. 1986 Jun;100(1):239–246. doi: 10.1016/0008-8749(86)90023-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Sprent J., Schaefer M., Lo D., Korngold R. Properties of purified T cell subsets. II. In vivo responses to class I vs. class II H-2 differences. J Exp Med. 1986 Apr 1;163(4):998–1011. doi: 10.1084/jem.163.4.998. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Taylor P. M., Askonas B. A. Influenza nucleoprotein-specific cytotoxic T-cell clones are protective in vivo. Immunology. 1986 Jul;58(3):417–420. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Webster R. G., Askonas B. A. Cross-protection and cross-reactive cytotoxic T cells induced by influenza virus vaccines in mice. Eur J Immunol. 1980 May;10(5):396–401. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830100515. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Wells M. A., Daniel S., Djeu J. Y., Kiley S. C., Ennis F. A. Recovery from a viral respiratory tract infection. IV. Specificity of protection by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. J Immunol. 1983 Jun;130(6):2908–2914. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Zweerink H. J., Courtneidge S. A., Skehel J. J., Crumpton M. J., Askonas B. A. Cytotoxic T cells kill influenza virus infected cells but do not distinguish between serologically distinct type A viruses. Nature. 1977 May 26;267(5609):354–356. doi: 10.1038/267354a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Immunology are provided here courtesy of British Society for Immunology

RESOURCES