Skip to main content
PMC home page
Nucleic Acids Research logoLink to Nucleic Acids Research
. 1996 Jan 15;24(2):303–310. doi: 10.1093/nar/24.2.303

Structure, function and expression of a murine homeobox protein AREC3, a homologue of Drosophila sine oculis gene product, and implication in development.

K Kawakami 1, H Ohto 1, K Ikeda 1, R G Roeder 1
PMCID: PMC145635  PMID: 8628654

Abstract

The cDNA clones encoding ARE(Na,K-ATPase alpha1 subunit gene regulatory element) binding protein AREC3 were isolated from myoblast C2C12 cells and mouse skeletal muscle cDNA library. At least four alternatively spliced forms of AREC3 cDNA were identified. Sequence analysis indicates that AREC3 has an extensive homology with the Drosophila sine oculis gene product required for development of the entire visual system [Cheyette et al.(1994) Neuron 12, 977-996]. The homologous region including a homeodomain is required for specific DNA binding to ARE. A transactivation domain was identified in the C-terminal part of the AREC3 by reporter gene assays using GAL4-AREC3 fusion protein constructs. Immunohistochemistry revealed that AREC3 localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm of myoblast C2C12 cells, and the production of AREC3 is augmented during muscle differentiation. Western blot analysis indicated that the 115 kDa form of AREC3 protein is increased in the cytoplasmic extract, and the 67kDa form is increased both in nuclear and cytoplasmic extracts of C2C12 cells during muscle differentiation.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (194.1 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Cheyette B. N., Green P. J., Martin K., Garren H., Hartenstein V., Zipursky S. L. The Drosophila sine oculis locus encodes a homeodomain-containing protein required for the development of the entire visual system. Neuron. 1994 May;12(5):977–996. doi: 10.1016/0896-6273(94)90308-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Epstein J., Cai J., Glaser T., Jepeal L., Maas R. Identification of a Pax paired domain recognition sequence and evidence for DNA-dependent conformational changes. J Biol Chem. 1994 Mar 18;269(11):8355–8361. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Guazzi S., Price M., De Felice M., Damante G., Mattei M. G., Di Lauro R. Thyroid nuclear factor 1 (TTF-1) contains a homeodomain and displays a novel DNA binding specificity. EMBO J. 1990 Nov;9(11):3631–3639. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb07574.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Hayashi S., Scott M. P. What determines the specificity of action of Drosophila homeodomain proteins? Cell. 1990 Nov 30;63(5):883–894. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90492-w. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Ikeda K., Kawakami K. DNA binding through distinct domains of zinc-finger-homeodomain protein AREB6 has different effects on gene transcription. Eur J Biochem. 1995 Oct 1;233(1):73–82. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1995.073_1.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Ikeda K., Nagano K., Kawakami K. Anomalous interaction of Sp1 and specific binding of an E-box-binding protein with the regulatory elements of the Na,K-ATPase alpha 2 subunit gene promoter. Eur J Biochem. 1993 Nov 15;218(1):195–204. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb18365.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Ingraham H. A., Flynn S. E., Voss J. W., Albert V. R., Kapiloff M. S., Wilson L., Rosenfeld M. G. The POU-specific domain of Pit-1 is essential for sequence-specific, high affinity DNA binding and DNA-dependent Pit-1-Pit-1 interactions. Cell. 1990 Jun 15;61(6):1021–1033. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90067-o. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Jewell E. A., Lingrel J. B. Comparison of the substrate dependence properties of the rat Na,K-ATPase alpha 1, alpha 2, and alpha 3 isoforms expressed in HeLa cells. J Biol Chem. 1991 Sep 5;266(25):16925–16930. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Kawakami K., Scheidereit C., Roeder R. G. Identification and purification of a human immunoglobulin-enhancer-binding protein (NF-kappa B) that activates transcription from a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 promoter in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jul;85(13):4700–4704. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.13.4700. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Kawakami K., Yanagisawa K., Watanabe Y., Tominaga S., Nagano K. Different factors bind to the regulatory region of the Na+,K(+)-ATPase alpha 1-subunit gene during the cell cycle. FEBS Lett. 1993 Dec 6;335(2):251–254. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(93)80740-l. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kobayashi M., Kawakami K. ATF-1CREB heterodimer is involved in constitutive expression of the housekeeping Na,K-ATPase alpha 1 subunit gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1995 Aug 11;23(15):2848–2855. doi: 10.1093/nar/23.15.2848. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Lingrel J. B., Orlowski J., Shull M. M., Price E. M. Molecular genetics of Na,K-ATPase. Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol. 1990;38:37–89. doi: 10.1016/s0079-6603(08)60708-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Munzer J. S., Daly S. E., Jewell-Motz E. A., Lingrel J. B., Blostein R. Tissue- and isoform-specific kinetic behavior of the Na,K-ATPase. J Biol Chem. 1994 Jun 17;269(24):16668–16676. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Oliver G., Wehr R., Jenkins N. A., Copeland N. G., Cheyette B. N., Hartenstein V., Zipursky S. L., Gruss P. Homeobox genes and connective tissue patterning. Development. 1995 Mar;121(3):693–705. doi: 10.1242/dev.121.3.693. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Orlowski J., Lingrel J. B. Tissue-specific and developmental regulation of rat Na,K-ATPase catalytic alpha isoform and beta subunit mRNAs. J Biol Chem. 1988 Jul 25;263(21):10436–10442. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Serikaku M. A., O'Tousa J. E. sine oculis is a homeobox gene required for Drosophila visual system development. Genetics. 1994 Dec;138(4):1137–1150. doi: 10.1093/genetics/138.4.1137. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Shull G. E., Greeb J., Lingrel J. B. Molecular cloning of three distinct forms of the Na+,K+-ATPase alpha-subunit from rat brain. Biochemistry. 1986 Dec 16;25(25):8125–8132. doi: 10.1021/bi00373a001. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Sturm R. A., Herr W. The POU domain is a bipartite DNA-binding structure. Nature. 1988 Dec 8;336(6199):601–604. doi: 10.1038/336601a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Suzuki-Yagawa Y., Kawakami K., Nagano K. Housekeeping Na,K-ATPase alpha 1 subunit gene promoter is composed of multiple cis elements to which common and cell type-specific factors bind. Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Sep;12(9):4046–4055. doi: 10.1128/mcb.12.9.4046. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Sweadner K. J. Isozymes of the Na+/K+-ATPase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1989 May 9;988(2):185–220. doi: 10.1016/0304-4157(89)90019-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Watanabe Y., Kawakami K., Hirayama Y., Nagano K. Transcription factors positively and negatively regulating the Na,K-ATPase alpha 1 subunit gene. J Biochem. 1993 Dec;114(6):849–855. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a124267. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Nucleic Acids Research are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES