Abstract
The geometry of the hydrogen bonding interaction between DNA and minor-groove binding drugs has been analyzed from a sample of 22 crystal structures of DNA-drug complexes, retrieved from the Nucleic Acid Database. Seventy-seven interactions between the drugs and acceptor groups in the nucleotide bases can be classified as hydrogen bonds. Their geometry departs significantly from linearity since, in most instances, the interactions can be described as three-center or multiple hydrogen bonds. Results also show that there is no preference for hydrogen bonds involving positively charged groups in the drugs. Relationships between hydrogen bond geometry and positioning of the drug along the minor groove are also discussed. The information presented may be useful in the design of new specific minor groove binding drugs.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (182.9 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Adnet F., Liquier J., Taillandier E., Singh M. P., Rao K. E., Lown J. W. FTIR study of specific binding interactions between DNA minor groove binding ligands and polynucleotides. J Biomol Struct Dyn. 1992 Dec;10(3):565–575. doi: 10.1080/07391102.1992.10508668. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bailly C., Hénichart J. P., Colson P., Houssier C. Drug-DNA sequence-dependent interactions analysed by electric linear dichroism. J Mol Recognit. 1992 Dec;5(4):155–171. doi: 10.1002/jmr.300050406. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Baker E. N., Hubbard R. E. Hydrogen bonding in globular proteins. Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 1984;44(2):97–179. doi: 10.1016/0079-6107(84)90007-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Berman H. M., Neidle S., Zimmer C., Thrum H. Netropsin, a DNA-binding oligopeptide structural and binding studies. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1979 Jan 26;561(1):124–131. doi: 10.1016/0005-2787(79)90496-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Berman H. M., Olson W. K., Beveridge D. L., Westbrook J., Gelbin A., Demeny T., Hsieh S. H., Srinivasan A. R., Schneider B. The nucleic acid database. A comprehensive relational database of three-dimensional structures of nucleic acids. Biophys J. 1992 Sep;63(3):751–759. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(92)81649-1. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brown D. G., Sanderson M. R., Garman E., Neidle S. Crystal structure of a berenil-d(CGCAAATTTGCG) complex. An example of drug-DNA recognition based on sequence-dependent structural features. J Mol Biol. 1992 Jul 20;226(2):481–490. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(92)90962-j. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brown D. G., Sanderson M. R., Skelly J. V., Jenkins T. C., Brown T., Garman E., Stuart D. I., Neidle S. Crystal structure of a berenil-dodecanucleotide complex: the role of water in sequence-specific ligand binding. EMBO J. 1990 Apr;9(4):1329–1334. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1990.tb08242.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chalikian T. V., Plum G. E., Sarvazyan A. P., Breslauer K. J. Influence of drug binding on DNA hydration: acoustic and densimetric characterizations of netropsin binding to the poly(dAdT).poly(dAdT) and poly(dA).poly(dT) duplexes and the poly(dT).poly(dA).poly(dT) triplex at 25 degrees C. Biochemistry. 1994 Jul 26;33(29):8629–8640. doi: 10.1021/bi00195a003. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Coll M., Aymami J., van der Marel G. A., van Boom J. H., Rich A., Wang A. H. Molecular structure of the netropsin-d(CGCGATATCGCG) complex: DNA conformation in an alternating AT segment. Biochemistry. 1989 Jan 10;28(1):310–320. doi: 10.1021/bi00427a042. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Coll M., Frederick C. A., Wang A. H., Rich A. A bifurcated hydrogen-bonded conformation in the d(A.T) base pairs of the DNA dodecamer d(CGCAAATTTGCG) and its complex with distamycin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Dec;84(23):8385–8389. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.23.8385. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dervan P. B. Design of sequence-specific DNA-binding molecules. Science. 1986 Apr 25;232(4749):464–471. doi: 10.1126/science.2421408. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Edwards K. J., Jenkins T. C., Neidle S. Crystal structure of a pentamidine-oligonucleotide complex: implications for DNA-binding properties. Biochemistry. 1992 Aug 11;31(31):7104–7109. doi: 10.1021/bi00146a011. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Goodsell D. S., Kopka M. L., Dickerson R. E. Refinement of netropsin bound to DNA: bias and feedback in electron density map interpretation. Biochemistry. 1995 Apr 18;34(15):4983–4993. doi: 10.1021/bi00015a009. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jenkins T. C., Lane A. N., Neidle S., Brown D. G. NMR and molecular modeling studies of the interaction of berenil and pentamidine with d(CGCAAATTTGCG)2. Eur J Biochem. 1993 May 1;213(3):1175–1184. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1993.tb17868.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kopka M. L., Yoon C., Goodsell D., Pjura P., Dickerson R. E. The molecular origin of DNA-drug specificity in netropsin and distamycin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Mar;82(5):1376–1380. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.5.1376. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Larsen T. A., Goodsell D. S., Cascio D., Grzeskowiak K., Dickerson R. E. The structure of DAPI bound to DNA. J Biomol Struct Dyn. 1989 Dec;7(3):477–491. doi: 10.1080/07391102.1989.10508505. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Liquier J., Mchami A., Taillandier E. FTIR study of netropsin binding to poly d(A-T) and poly dA.poly dT. J Biomol Struct Dyn. 1989 Aug;7(1):119–126. doi: 10.1080/07391102.1989.10507755. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Nunn C. M., Jenkins T. C., Neidle S. Crystal structure of d(CGCGAATTCGCG) complexed with propamidine, a short-chain homologue of the drug pentamidine. Biochemistry. 1993 Dec 21;32(50):13838–13843. doi: 10.1021/bi00213a012. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Orozco M., Laughton C. A., Herzyk P., Neidle S. Molecular-mechanics modelling of drug-DNA structures; the effects of differing dielectric treatment on helix parameters and comparison with a fully solvated structural model. J Biomol Struct Dyn. 1990 Oct;8(2):359–373. doi: 10.1080/07391102.1990.10507810. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Patel D. J. Antibiotic-DNA interactions: intermolecular nuclear Overhauser effects in the netropsin-d(C-G-C-G-A-A-T-T-C-G-C-G) complex in solution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Nov;79(21):6424–6428. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.21.6424. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pjura P. E., Grzeskowiak K., Dickerson R. E. Binding of Hoechst 33258 to the minor groove of B-DNA. J Mol Biol. 1987 Sep 20;197(2):257–271. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(87)90123-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Portugal J., Waring M. J. Comparison of binding sites in DNA for berenil, netropsin and distamycin. A footprinting study. Eur J Biochem. 1987 Sep 1;167(2):281–289. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1987.tb13334.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Quintana J. R., Lipanov A. A., Dickerson R. E. Low-temperature crystallographic analyses of the binding of Hoechst 33258 to the double-helical DNA dodecamer C-G-C-G-A-A-T-T-C-G-C-G. Biochemistry. 1991 Oct 22;30(42):10294–10306. doi: 10.1021/bi00106a030. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Singh S. B., Wemmer D. E., Kollman P. A. Relative binding affinities of distamycin and its analog to d(CGCAAGTTGGC).d(GCCAACTTGCG): comparison of simulation results with experiment. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Aug 2;91(16):7673–7677. doi: 10.1073/pnas.91.16.7673. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sriram M., van der Marel G. A., Roelen H. L., van Boom J. H., Wang A. H. Conformation of B-DNA containing O6-ethyl-G-C base pairs stabilized by minor groove binding drugs: molecular structure of d(CGC[e6G]AATTCGCG complexed with Hoechst 33258 or Hoechst 33342. EMBO J. 1992 Jan;11(1):225–232. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05045.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sriram M., van der Marel G. A., Roelen H. L., van Boom J. H., Wang A. H. Structural consequences of a carcinogenic alkylation lesion on DNA: effect of O6-ethylguanine on the molecular structure of the d(CGC[e6G]AATTCGCG)-netropsin complex. Biochemistry. 1992 Dec 1;31(47):11823–11834. doi: 10.1021/bi00162a022. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tabernero L., Verdaguer N., Coll M., Fita I., van der Marel G. A., van Boom J. H., Rich A., Aymamí J. Molecular structure of the A-tract DNA dodecamer d(CGCAAATTTGCG) complexed with the minor groove binding drug netropsin. Biochemistry. 1993 Aug 24;32(33):8403–8410. doi: 10.1021/bi00084a004. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Teng M. K., Usman N., Frederick C. A., Wang A. H. The molecular structure of the complex of Hoechst 33258 and the DNA dodecamer d(CGCGAATTCGCG). Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Mar 25;16(6):2671–2690. doi: 10.1093/nar/16.6.2671. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Van Dyke M. W., Hertzberg R. P., Dervan P. B. Map of distamycin, netropsin, and actinomycin binding sites on heterogeneous DNA: DNA cleavage-inhibition patterns with methidiumpropyl-EDTA.Fe(II). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Sep;79(18):5470–5474. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.18.5470. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Zimmer C., Wähnert U. Nonintercalating DNA-binding ligands: specificity of the interaction and their use as tools in biophysical, biochemical and biological investigations of the genetic material. Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 1986;47(1):31–112. doi: 10.1016/0079-6107(86)90005-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]