Skip to main content
Genetics logoLink to Genetics
. 2001 Nov;159(3):1231–1242. doi: 10.1093/genetics/159.3.1231

An integrated map of Arabidopsis thaliana for functional analysis of its genome sequence.

Y L Chang 1, Q Tao 1, C Scheuring 1, K Ding 1, K Meksem 1, H B Zhang 1
PMCID: PMC1461882  PMID: 11729165

Abstract

The genome of the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana has recently been sequenced. To accelerate its current genome research, we developed a whole-genome, BAC/BIBAC-based, integrated physical, genetic, and sequence map of the A. thaliana ecotype Columbia. This new map was constructed from the clones of a new plant-transformation-competent BIBAC library and is integrated with the existing sequence map. The clones were restriction fingerprinted by DNA sequencing gel-based electrophoresis, assembled into contigs, and anchored to an existing genetic map. The map consists of 194 BAC/BIBAC contigs, spanning 126 Mb of the 130-Mb Arabidopsis genome. A total of 120 contigs, spanning 114 Mb, were anchored to the chromosomes of Arabidopsis. Accuracy of the integrated map was verified using the existing physical and sequence maps and numerous DNA markers. Integration of the new map with the sequence map has enabled gap closure of the sequence map and will facilitate functional analysis of the genome sequence. The method used here has been demonstrated to be sufficient for whole-genome physical mapping from large-insert random bacterial clones and thus is applicable to rapid development of whole-genome physical maps for other species.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (677.9 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Arabidopsis Genome Initiative Analysis of the genome sequence of the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Nature. 2000 Dec 14;408(6814):796–815. doi: 10.1038/35048692. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Azpiroz-Leehan R., Feldmann K. A. T-DNA insertion mutagenesis in Arabidopsis: going back and forth. Trends Genet. 1997 Apr;13(4):152–156. doi: 10.1016/s0168-9525(97)01094-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bent A. F., Kunkel B. N., Dahlbeck D., Brown K. L., Schmidt R., Giraudat J., Leung J., Staskawicz B. J. RPS2 of Arabidopsis thaliana: a leucine-rich repeat class of plant disease resistance genes. Science. 1994 Sep 23;265(5180):1856–1860. doi: 10.1126/science.8091210. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Camilleri C., Lafleuriel J., Macadré C., Varoquaux F., Parmentier Y., Picard G., Caboche M., Bouchez D. A YAC contig map of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 3. Plant J. 1998 Jun;14(5):633–642. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.1998.00159.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Desprez T., Amselem J., Caboche M., Höfte H. Differential gene expression in Arabidopsis monitored using cDNA arrays. Plant J. 1998 Jun;14(5):643–652. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.1998.00160.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Hwang I., Kohchi T., Hauge B. M., Goodman H. M., Schmidt R., Cnops G., Dean C., Gibson S., Iba K., Lemieux B. Identification and map position of YAC clones comprising one-third of the Arabidopsis genome. Plant J. 1991 Nov;1(3):367–374. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.1991.t01-5-00999.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Jones J. D., Shlumukov L., Carland F., English J., Scofield S. R., Bishop G. J., Harrison K. Effective vectors for transformation, expression of heterologous genes, and assaying transposon excision in transgenic plants. Transgenic Res. 1992 Nov;1(6):285–297. doi: 10.1007/BF02525170. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Klein M., Eckert-Ossenkopp U., Schmiedeberg I., Brandt P., Unseld M., Brennicke A., Schuster W. Physical mapping of the mitochondrial genome of Arabidopsis thaliana by cosmid and YAC clones. Plant J. 1994 Sep;6(3):447–455. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.1994.06030447.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Koncz C., Martini N., Mayerhofer R., Koncz-Kalman Z., Körber H., Redei G. P., Schell J. High-frequency T-DNA-mediated gene tagging in plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Nov;86(21):8467–8471. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.21.8467. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Lin X., Kaul S., Rounsley S., Shea T. P., Benito M. I., Town C. D., Fujii C. Y., Mason T., Bowman C. L., Barnstead M. Sequence and analysis of chromosome 2 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Nature. 1999 Dec 16;402(6763):761–768. doi: 10.1038/45471. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Liu Y. G., Mitsukawa N., Lister C., Dean C., Whittier R. F. Isolation and mapping of a new set of 129 RFLP markers in Arabidopsis thaliana using recombinant inbred lines. Plant J. 1996 Oct;10(4):733–736. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.1996.10040733.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Liu Y. G., Shirano Y., Fukaki H., Yanai Y., Tasaka M., Tabata S., Shibata D. Complementation of plant mutants with large genomic DNA fragments by a transformation-competent artificial chromosome vector accelerates positional cloning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 May 25;96(11):6535–6540. doi: 10.1073/pnas.96.11.6535. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Marra M., Kucaba T., Sekhon M., Hillier L., Martienssen R., Chinwalla A., Crockett J., Fedele J., Grover H., Gund C. zA map for sequence analysis of the Arabidopsis thaliana genome. Nat Genet. 1999 Jul;22(3):265–270. doi: 10.1038/10327. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Martienssen R. A. Functional genomics: probing plant gene function and expression with transposons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Mar 3;95(5):2021–2026. doi: 10.1073/pnas.95.5.2021. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Meinke D. W., Cherry J. M., Dean C., Rounsley S. D., Koornneef M. Arabidopsis thaliana: a model plant for genome analysis. Science. 1998 Oct 23;282(5389):662, 679-82. doi: 10.1126/science.282.5389.662. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Mozo T., Dewar K., Dunn P., Ecker J. R., Fischer S., Kloska S., Lehrach H., Marra M., Martienssen R., Meier-Ewert S. A complete BAC-based physical map of the Arabidopsis thaliana genome. Nat Genet. 1999 Jul;22(3):271–275. doi: 10.1038/10334. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Mozo T., Fischer S., Shizuya H., Altmann T. Construction and characterization of the IGF Arabidopsis BAC library. Mol Gen Genet. 1998 Jun;258(5):562–570. doi: 10.1007/s004380050769. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Ruan Y., Gilmore J., Conner T. Towards Arabidopsis genome analysis: monitoring expression profiles of 1400 genes using cDNA microarrays. Plant J. 1998 Sep;15(6):821–833. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.1998.00254.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Schena M., Shalon D., Davis R. W., Brown P. O. Quantitative monitoring of gene expression patterns with a complementary DNA microarray. Science. 1995 Oct 20;270(5235):467–470. doi: 10.1126/science.270.5235.467. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Schmidt R., West J., Love K., Lenehan Z., Lister C., Thompson H., Bouchez D., Dean C. Physical map and organization of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 4. Science. 1995 Oct 20;270(5235):480–483. doi: 10.1126/science.270.5235.480. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Skeen L. C., Due B. R., Douglas F. E. Neonatal sensory deprivation reduces tufted cell number in mouse olfactory bulbs. Neurosci Lett. 1986 Jan 2;63(1):5–10. doi: 10.1016/0304-3940(86)90003-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Soderlund C., Longden I., Mott R. FPC: a system for building contigs from restriction fingerprinted clones. Comput Appl Biosci. 1997 Oct;13(5):523–535. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/13.5.523. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Somerville C., Dangl Genomics. Plant biology in 2010. Science. 2000 Dec 15;290(5499):2077–2078. doi: 10.1126/science.290.5499.2077. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Stupar R. M., Lilly J. W., Town C. D., Cheng Z., Kaul S., Buell C. R., Jiang J. Complex mtDNA constitutes an approximate 620-kb insertion on Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 2: implication of potential sequencing errors caused by large-unit repeats. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Apr 17;98(9):5099–5103. doi: 10.1073/pnas.091110398. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Sulston J., Mallett F., Staden R., Durbin R., Horsnell T., Coulson A. Software for genome mapping by fingerprinting techniques. Comput Appl Biosci. 1988 Mar;4(1):125–132. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/4.1.125. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Sussman M. R., Amasino R. M., Young J. C., Krysan P. J., Austin-Phillips S. The Arabidopsis knockout facility at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Plant Physiol. 2000 Dec;124(4):1465–1467. doi: 10.1104/pp.124.4.1465. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Tao Q., Zhang H. B. Cloning and stable maintenance of DNA fragments over 300 kb in Escherichia coli with conventional plasmid-based vectors. Nucleic Acids Res. 1998 Nov 1;26(21):4901–4909. doi: 10.1093/nar/26.21.4901. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Wu Y., Tulsieram L., Tao Q., Zhang H. B., Rothstein S. J. A binary vector-based large insert library for Brassica napus and identification of clones linked to a fertility restorer locus for Ogura cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS). Genome. 2000 Feb;43(1):102–109. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Zachgo E. A., Wang M. L., Dewdney J., Bouchez D., Camilleri C., Belmonte S., Huang L., Dolan M., Goodman H. M. A physical map of chromosome 2 of Arabidopsis thaliana. Genome Res. 1996 Jan;6(1):19–25. doi: 10.1101/gr.6.1.19. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Genetics are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES