Skip to main content
Environmental Health Perspectives logoLink to Environmental Health Perspectives
. 1973 Jun;4:3–26. doi: 10.1289/ehp.73043

Toxicity and health threats of phthalate esters: review of the literature.

J Autian
PMCID: PMC1474854  PMID: 4578674

Full text

PDF
3

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bower R. K., Haberman S., Minton P. D. Terotogenic effects in the chick embryo caused by esters of phthalic acid. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1970 Feb;171(2):314–324. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Brown V. K., Muir C. M., Thorpe E. A contribution to the toxicology of some alcohol mixtures containing 7 to 9 and 9 to 11 carbon atoms and the corresponding phthalate esters. Arch Toxikol. 1970;26(1):84–90. doi: 10.1007/BF00577970. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. CRUICKSHANK C. N., HOOPER C., LEWIS H. B., MACDOUGALL J. D. The toxicity of rubbers and plastics used in transfusion-giving sets. J Clin Pathol. 1960 Jan;13:42–50. doi: 10.1136/jcp.13.1.42. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Calley D. J., Guess W. L., Autian J. Hepatotoxicity of a series of organotin esters. J Pharm Sci. 1967 Feb;56(2):240–243. doi: 10.1002/jps.2600560219. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Calley D., Autian J., Guess W. L. Toxicology of a series of phthalate esters. J Pharm Sci. 1966 Feb;55(2):158–162. doi: 10.1002/jps.2600550206. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Carpenter E. J., Smith K. L., Jr Plastics on the Sargasso sea surface. Science. 1972 Mar 17;175(4027):1240–1241. doi: 10.1126/science.175.4027.1240. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Dillingham E. O., Mast R. W., Bass G. E., Autian J. Toxicity of methyl- and halogen-substituted alcohols in tissue culture relative to structure-activity models and acute toxicity in mice. J Pharm Sci. 1973 Jan;62(1):22–30. doi: 10.1002/jps.2600620103. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. FRIEBEL H., GROSS E., IMMISCH-SEEHAUSEN L., LINKE K. H., SOMMER S. Zur Toxicität von reinem Phthalsäureanhydrid und Rohprodukten aus der industriellen Phthalsäuresynthese; Tierexperimentelle Untersuchungen. Arch Gewerbepathol Gewerbehyg. 1956;14(5):465–482. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Gaunt I. F., Colley J., Grasso P., Lansdown A. B., Gangolli S. D. Acute (rat and mouse) and short-term (rat) toxicity studies on dialkyl 79 phthalate. Food Cosmet Toxicol. 1968 Dec;6(5):609–618. doi: 10.1016/0015-6264(68)90310-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. HARRIS R. S., HODGE H. C., MAYNARD E. A., BLANCHET H. J., Jr Chronic oral toxicity of 2-ethylhexyl phthalate in rats and dogs. AMA Arch Ind Health. 1956 Mar;13(3):259–264. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Hall D. E., Austin P., Fairweather F. A. Acute (mouse and rat) and short-term (rat) toxicity studies on dibutyl(diethylene glycol bisphthalate). Food Cosmet Toxicol. 1966 Aug;4(4):383–388. doi: 10.1016/s0015-6264(66)80580-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Jaeger R. J., Rubin R. J. Plasticizers from plastic devices extraction, metabolism, and accumulation by biological systems. Science. 1970 Oct 23;170(3956):460–462. doi: 10.1126/science.170.3956.460. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. LAWRENCE W. H., MITCHELL J. L., GUESS W. L., AUTIAN J. TOXICITY OF PLASTICS USED IN MEDICAL PRACTICE. I. INVESTIGATION OF TISSUE RESPONSE IN ANIMALS BY CERTAIN UNIT PACKAGED POLYVINYL CHLORIDE ADMINISTRATION DEVICES. J Pharm Sci. 1963 Oct;52:958–963. doi: 10.1002/jps.2600521010. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Marcel Y. L., Noel S. P. A plasticizer in lipid extracts of human blood. Chem Phys Lipids. 1970 Aug;4(3):417–418. doi: 10.1016/0009-3084(70)90040-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Miyoshi T., Harada T. Formation of dibutylphthalate from 2-butyne-1,4-diol by a soil bacterium. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1970 Dec 29;222(3):684–685. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(70)90200-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Nazir D. J., Alcaraz A. P., Bierl B. A., Beroza M., Nair P. P. Isolation, identification, and specific localization of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate in bovine heart muscle mitochondria. Biochemistry. 1971 Nov;10(23):4228–4232. doi: 10.1021/bi00799a012. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Neergaard J., Nielsen B., Faurby V., Christensen D. H., Nielsen O. F. Plasticizers in P.V.C. and the occurrence of hepatitis in a haemodialysis unit. A preliminary communication. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 1971;5(2):141–145. doi: 10.3109/00365597109133592. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Nematollahi J., Guess W. L., Autian J. Plasticizers in medical application. I. Analysis and toxicity evaluation of dialkyl benzenedicarboxylates. J Pharm Sci. 1967 Nov;56(11):1446–1453. doi: 10.1002/jps.2600561115. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. OZGE A., BALDINI M., GOLDSTEIN R. EFFECT OF PLASTIC AND GLASS SURFACES ON CLOT RETRACTION AND SEROTONIN UPTAKE OF PLATELET-RICH PLASMA STORED AT 4 DEGREES C. J Lab Clin Med. 1964 Mar;63:378–393. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Ogner G., Schnitzer M. Humic substances: fulvic acid-dialkyl phthalate complexes and their role in pollution. Science. 1970 Oct 16;170(3955):317–318. doi: 10.1126/science.170.3955.317. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. STRUMIA M. M., COLWELL L. S., ELLENBERGER K., MAWR B. The preservation of blood for transfusion. I. The effect of plastic containers on red cells. J Lab Clin Med. 1955 Aug;46(2):225–233. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. SWANK R. L. Alteration of blood on storage: measurement of adhesiveness of "aging" platelets and leukocytes and their removal by filtration. N Engl J Med. 1961 Oct 12;265:728–733. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196110122651503. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Singh A. R., Lawrence W. H., Autian J. Teratogenicity of phthalate esters in rats. J Pharm Sci. 1972 Jan;61(1):51–55. doi: 10.1002/jps.2600610107. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Trimble A. S., Goldman B. S., Yao J. K., Kovats L. K., Bigelow W. G. Plastics--a source of chemical contamination in surgical research. Surgery. 1966 May;59(5):857–859. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Verrett M. J., Mutchler M. K., Scott W. F., Reynaldo E. F., McLaughlin J. Teratogenic effects of captan and related compounds in the developing chicken embryo. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1969;160(1):334–343. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1969.tb15853.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. WALL R. L., BUCKLEY N. M., DOAN C. A. An evaluation of the preservation of human blood stored in experimental plastic containers. II. In vivo studies. J Lab Clin Med. 1953 Nov;42(5):674–680. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Warren L., Glick M. C. Membranes of animal cells. II. The metabolism and turnover of the surface membrane. J Cell Biol. 1968 Jun;37(3):729–746. doi: 10.1083/jcb.37.3.729. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Environmental Health Perspectives are provided here courtesy of National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

RESOURCES