Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the prevalence and correlates of survival sex among runaway and homeless youths. METHODS: A nationally representative sample of shelter youths and a multicity sample of street youths were interviewed. RESULTS: Approximately 28% of street youths and 10% of shelter youths reported having participated in survival sex, which was associated with age, days away from home, victimization, criminal behaviors, substance use, suicide attempts, sexually transmitted disease, and pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: Intensive and ongoing services are needed to provide resources and residential assistance to enable runaway and homeless youths to avoid survival sex, which is associated with many problem behaviors.
Full text
PDFSelected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Anderson J. E., Freese T. E., Pennbridge J. N. Sexual risk behavior and condom use among street youth in Hollywood. Fam Plann Perspect. 1994 Jan-Feb;26(1):22–25. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Clements K., Gleghorn A., Garcia D., Katz M., Marx R. A risk profile of street youth in northern California: implications for gender-specific human immunodeficiency virus prevention. J Adolesc Health. 1997 May;20(5):343–353. doi: 10.1016/S1054-139X(97)00033-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Farber E. D., Kinast C., McCoard W. D., Falkner D. Violence in families of adolescent runaways. Child Abuse Negl. 1984;8(3):295–299. doi: 10.1016/0145-2134(84)90069-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Forst M. L. Sexual risk profiles of delinquent and homeless youths. J Community Health. 1994 Apr;19(2):101–114. doi: 10.1007/BF02260362. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Greenblatt M., Robertson M. J. Life-styles, adaptive strategies, and sexual behaviors of homeless adolescents. Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1993 Dec;44(12):1177–1180. doi: 10.1176/ps.44.12.1177. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Greene J. M., Ennett S. T., Ringwalt C. L. Substance use among runaway and homeless youth in three national samples. Am J Public Health. 1997 Feb;87(2):229–235. doi: 10.2105/ajph.87.2.229. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Greene J. M., Ringwalt C. L., Iachan R. Shelters for runaway and homeless youths: capacity and occupancy. Child Welfare. 1997 Jul-Aug;76(4):549–561. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- James J., Meyerding J. Early sexual experience and prostitution. Am J Psychiatry. 1977 Dec;134(12):1381–1385. doi: 10.1176/ajp.134.12.1381. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Janus M. D., Archambault F. X., Brown S. W., Welsh L. A. Physical abuse in Canadian runaway adolescents. Child Abuse Negl. 1995 Apr;19(4):433–447. doi: 10.1016/0145-2134(95)00007-u. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Johnson T. P., Aschkenasy J. R., Herbers M. R., Gillenwater S. A. Self-reported risk factors for AIDS among homeless youth. AIDS Educ Prev. 1996 Aug;8(4):308–322. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kipke M. D., Montgomery S., MacKenzie R. G. Substance use among youth seen at a community-based health clinic. J Adolesc Health. 1993 Jun;14(4):289–294. doi: 10.1016/1054-139x(93)90176-p. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kipke M. D., O'Connor S., Palmer R., MacKenzie R. G. Street youth in Los Angeles. Profile of a group at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus infection. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1995 May;149(5):513–519. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1995.02170180043006. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kruks G. Gay and lesbian homeless/street youth: special issues and concerns. J Adolesc Health. 1991 Nov;12(7):515–518. doi: 10.1016/0197-0070(91)90080-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pennbridge J. N., Freese T. E., MacKenzie R. G. High-risk behaviors among male street youth in Hollywood, California. AIDS Educ Prev. 1992 Fall;Suppl:24–33. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pfeifer R. W., Oliver J. A study of HIV seroprevalence in a group of homeless youth in Hollywood, California. J Adolesc Health. 1997 May;20(5):339–342. doi: 10.1016/S1054-139X(97)00038-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rotheram-Borus M. J., Mahler K. A., Koopman C., Langabeer K. Sexual abuse history and associated multiple risk behavior in adolescent runaways. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 1996 Jul;66(3):390–400. doi: 10.1037/h0080189. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rotheram-Borus M. J., Meyer-Bahlburg H. F., Rosario M., Koopman C., Haignere C. S., Exner T. M., Matthieu M., Henderson R., Gruen R. S. Lifetime sexual behaviors among predominantly minority male runaways and gay/bisexual adolescents in New York City. AIDS Educ Prev. 1992 Fall;Suppl:34–42. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stiffman A. R. Physical and sexual abuse in runaway youths. Child Abuse Negl. 1989;13(3):417–426. doi: 10.1016/0145-2134(89)90082-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sugerman S. T., Hergenroeder A. C., Chacko M. R., Parcel G. S. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and adolescents. Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of runaway and homeless youths. Am J Dis Child. 1991 Apr;145(4):431–436. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1991.02160040089014. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sullivan T. R. The challenge of HIV prevention among high-risk adolescents. Health Soc Work. 1996 Feb;21(1):58–65. doi: 10.1093/hsw/21.1.58. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Yates G. L., MacKenzie R., Pennbridge J., Cohen E. A risk profile comparison of runaway and non-runaway youth. Am J Public Health. 1988 Jul;78(7):820–821. doi: 10.2105/ajph.78.7.820. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Yates G. L., Mackenzie R. G., Pennbridge J., Swofford A. A risk profile comparison of homeless youth involved in prostitution and homeless youth not involved. J Adolesc Health. 1991 Nov;12(7):545–548. doi: 10.1016/0197-0070(91)90085-z. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]