Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Clinical and Experimental Immunology logoLink to Clinical and Experimental Immunology
. 1989 Jan;75(1):35–40.

Anti-cardiolipin antibodies in infectious mononucleosis react with the membrane of activated lymphocytes.

R Misra 1, P J Venables 1, C Plater-Zyberk 1, P F Watkins 1, R N Maini 1
PMCID: PMC1541872  PMID: 2467768

Abstract

To elucidate the mechanisms of autoantibody induction in infectious mononucleosis (IM), we have studied sera from 35 patients with IM with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using purified antigens. In the IM group 37% had IgM antibodies to cardiolipin above the normal range (mean plus 2 standard deviations of control sera). Significantly elevated frequencies of antibodies to actin (26%) and cytoskeletal antigens (97% versus 29% in normal sera) were also found, but levels of IgM rheumatoid factors, IgM antibodies to single-stranded DNA and antibodies to ribonucleoproteins (nRNP/Sm, Sm and La) were normal. Affinity purified anti-cardiolipin antibodies reacted with the cell membrane of transformed lymphocytes but not with resting cells, suggesting that cell activation was required for the expression of antigenic epitopes. Our data suggest that the autoantibody response in IM is restricted to two classes of autoantigens: cytoskeletal and cell membrane antigens. The appearance of antigenic epitopes on EBV-transformed lymphocytes could be a mechanism for the generation of anti-cardiolipin antibodies in infectious mononucleosis. Similar mechanisms could operate in autoimmune rheumatic disease.

Full text

PDF
35

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Chapman J. R., Charles P. J., Venables P. J., Thompson P. J., Haslam P. L., Maini R. N., Turner Warwick M. E. Definition and clinical relevance of antibodies to nuclear ribonucleoprotein and other nuclear antigens in patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1984 Sep;130(3):439–443. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1984.130.3.439. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. HOLBOROW E. J., ASHERSON G. L., JOHNSON G. D., BARNES R. D., CARMICHAEL D. S. Antinuclear factor and other antibodies in blood and liver diseases. Br Med J. 1963 Mar 9;1(5331):656–658. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.5331.656. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Harris E. N., Gharavi A. E., Tincani A., Chan J. K., Englert H., Mantelli P., Allegro F., Ballestrieri G., Hughes G. R. Affinity purified anti-cardiolipin and anti-DNA antibodies. J Clin Lab Immunol. 1985 Aug;17(4):155–162. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Henle G., Henle W., Diehl V. Relation of Burkitt's tumor-associated herpes-ytpe virus to infectious mononucleosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1968 Jan;59(1):94–101. doi: 10.1073/pnas.59.1.94. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Jondal M., Klein G. Surface markers on human B and T lymphocytes. II. Presence of Epstein-Barr virus receptors on B lymphocytes. J Exp Med. 1973 Dec 1;138(6):1365–1378. doi: 10.1084/jem.138.6.1365. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Kaplan M. E., Tan E. M. Antinuclear antibodies in infectious mononucleosis. Lancet. 1968 Mar 16;1(7542):561–563. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(68)92831-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Kataaha P. K., Mortazavi-Milani S. M., Russell G., Holborow E. J. Anti-intermediate filament antibodies, antikeratin antibody, and antiperinuclear factor in rheumatoid arthritis and infectious mononucleosis. Ann Rheum Dis. 1985 Jul;44(7):446–449. doi: 10.1136/ard.44.7.446. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Langhorne J., Feizi T. Studies on the heterophile antibodies of infectious mononucleosis. I. Separation of four antibody populations, one of which contains lymphocytotoxic activity. Clin Exp Immunol. 1977 Dec;30(3):354–363. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Linder E., Kurki P., Andersson L. C. Autoantibody to "intermediate filament" in infectious mononucleosis. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1979 Dec;14(4):411–417. doi: 10.1016/0090-1229(79)90093-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Loizou S., McCrea J. D., Rudge A. C., Reynolds R., Boyle C. C., Harris E. N. Measurement of anti-cardiolipin antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA): standardization and quantitation of results. Clin Exp Immunol. 1985 Dec;62(3):738–745. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Milgrom F., Kano K., Fjelde A. Studies on heterophile antigen in lymphoma and leukemia spleens by means of absorption of infectious mononucleosis sera. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol. 1973;45(4):631–637. doi: 10.1159/000231106. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Misra R., Venables P. J., Watkins R. P., Maini R. N. Autoimmunity to cardiolipin in infectious mononucleosis. Lancet. 1987 Sep 12;2(8559):629–629. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(87)93019-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Plater-Zyberk C., Rockett K. A., Maini R. N. Spontaneous recovery of the decreased expression in vitro of interleukin 2 receptors in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Immunol. 1988 Jul;73(1):93–97. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Rauch J., Tannenbaum M., Tannenbaum H., Ramelson H., Cullis P. R., Tilcock C. P., Hope M. J., Janoff A. S. Human hybridoma lupus anticoagulants distinguish between lamellar and hexagonal phase lipid systems. J Biol Chem. 1986 Jul 25;261(21):9672–9677. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Rhodes G., Rumpold H., Kurki P., Patrick K. M., Carson D. A., Vaughan J. H. Autoantibodies in infectious mononucleosis have specificity for the glycine-alanine repeating region of the Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen. J Exp Med. 1987 Apr 1;165(4):1026–1040. doi: 10.1084/jem.165.4.1026. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Rosén A., Gergely P., Jondal M., Klein G., Britton S. Polyclonal Ig production after Epstein-Barr virus infection of human lymphocytes in vitro. Nature. 1977 May 5;267(5606):52–54. doi: 10.1038/267052a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Sairenji T., Nguyen Q. V., Woda B., Humphreys R. E. Immune response to intermediate filament-associated, Epstein-Barr virus-induced early antigen. J Immunol. 1987 Apr 15;138(8):2645–2652. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Silverman G. J., Carson D. A., Patrick K., Vaughan J. H., Fong S. Expression of a germline human kappa chain-associated cross-reactive idiotype after in vitro and in vivo infection with Epstein-Barr virus. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1987 Jun;43(3):403–411. doi: 10.1016/0090-1229(87)90150-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Slaughter L., Carson D. A., Jensen F. C., Holbrook T. L., Vaughan J. H. In vitro effects of Epstein-Barr virus on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and normal subjects. J Exp Med. 1978 Nov 1;148(5):1429–1434. doi: 10.1084/jem.148.5.1429. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Smith P. R., Williams D. G., Venables P. J., Maini R. N. Monoclonal antibodies to the Sjögren's syndrome associated antigen SS-B (La). J Immunol Methods. 1985 Feb 28;77(1):63–76. doi: 10.1016/0022-1759(85)90184-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Sutton R. N., Emond R. T., Thomas D. B., Doniach D. The occurrence of autoantibodies in infectious mononucleosis. Clin Exp Immunol. 1974 Jul;17(3):427–436. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Thomas D. B. Antibodies to membrane antigen(s) common to thymocytes and a subpopulation of lymphocytes in infectious-mononucleosis sera. Lancet. 1972 Feb 19;1(7747):399–403. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(72)90854-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Venables P. J., Charles P. J., Buchanan R. R., Yi T., Mumford P. A., Schrieber L., Room G. R., Maini R. N. Quantitation and detection of isotypes of anti-SS-B antibodies by ELISA and Farr assays using affinity purified antigens. An approach to the investigation of Sjögren's syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum. 1983 Feb;26(2):146–155. doi: 10.1002/art.1780260205. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Venables P. J., Pawlowski T., Mumford P. A., Brown C., Crawford D. H., Maini R. N. Reaction of antibodies to rheumatoid arthritis nuclear antigen with a synthetic peptide corresponding to part of Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 1. Ann Rheum Dis. 1988 Apr;47(4):270–279. doi: 10.1136/ard.47.4.270. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Venables P. J., Ross M. G., Charles P. J., Melsom R. D., Griffiths P. D., Maini R. N. A seroepidemiological study of cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus in rheumatoid arthritis and sicca syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis. 1985 Nov;44(11):742–746. doi: 10.1136/ard.44.11.742. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Venables P. Epstein-Barr virus infection and autoimmunity in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 1988 Apr;47(4):265–269. doi: 10.1136/ard.47.4.265. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Williams D. G., Stocks M. R., Smith P. R., Maini R. N. Murine lupus monoclonal antibodies define five epitopes on two different Sm polypeptides. Immunology. 1986 Jul;58(3):495–500. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Clinical and Experimental Immunology are provided here courtesy of British Society for Immunology

RESOURCES